The impact of term limits on legislative program evaluation

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (81) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mohan ◽  
Mary Stutzman
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Term Limits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legislative Program Evaluation

47. Evaluation of new implementation strategies, program effectiveness and dissemination of new pedagogical knowledge: Centre for faculty development's stepping stones teaching certificate program

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
D. Richardson ◽  
I. Silver ◽  
A. Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Faculty Development ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Faculty Development Program ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Certificate Program ◽  
The Impact

This evaluation of the integrated Stepping Stones (SS) Teaching Certificate program, including its instructional development (workshops) and theory review (journal club) components, will inform further program development. Results of this project will also add to the limited amount of scholarly work in the area of faculty development program evaluation. Faculty development literature in the area of organized program assessment reveals use of either quantitative OR qualitative methods. In this project, a novel method combining both techniques was used to explore program impact. Participants completed 2 questionnaires to identify skill-set knowledge gaps in teaching effectiveness. Pre- and post-program quantitative gaps were generated. Focus groups were used for qualitative exploration. Areas explored pre-program included: a) motives for enrollment, b) program expectations and c) prior teaching preparation. Post-program discussion explored: the impact of the program on a) participant’s perceived gaps, b) teaching behaviour change, and c) its influence on their career in education. We believed the program’s interprofessional environment would foster development of a learning community having impact on faculty knowledge, skills and attitudes related to teaching, and potentially elicit behavioural change in teaching practices. Results from a 2004-2005 cohort of participants have identified a variety of benefits for faculty and their teaching practice. Results from a second separate cohort, 2005-2006 participants, validated the initial findings. Remarkable harmonization in the results of the qualitative analysis between the two cohort samples was evident. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in each of the domains examined qualitatively. Both qualitative and quantitatively, program effectiveness was demonstrated immediately following completion of the program. Follow up to assess the sustainability of the effects is ongoing. The analysis of the quantitative discrepancy (gaps) data has lead to a possible technique to assist in identifying unperceived educational needs. McLeod PJ, Steinert Y, Nasmith L, Conochie L. Faculty Development in Canadian medical schools: a 10-year update. CMAJ 1997; 156(10):1419-23. Hewson MG, Copeland HL, Fishleder AJ. What’s the use of faculty development? Program evaluation using retrospective self-assessments and independent performance ratings. Teach Learn Med 2001; 13(3):153-60. Moore EM. A Framework for Outcomes Evaluation in the Continuing Development of Physicians, in: The Continuing Professional Development of Physicians. Eds. Davis D, Barnes BE, Fox R. AMA Press, 2003.

Render unto Caesar Just a Little Bit Longer: The Relationship between Constitutional Reforms and Executive Survival

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Tofigh Maboudi ◽  
Ghazal P. Nadi ◽  
Todd A. Eisenstadt
Keyword(s):  
Term Limits ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Constitutional Reforms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Since the third wave of democracy, term limits have become a popular fixture of most constitutions intended to constrain the executive. Yet, recent constitutional reforms around the world show that presidents seeking re-election sometimes overturn the entire constitutional order to extend their power. What is the impact of these constitutional manipulations on the longevity of the executive in office? Using survival analysis of all political leaders and national constitutions from 1875 to 2015, this article demonstrates, for the first time, that when ‘authoritarian-aspiring’ presidents remove constitutional term limits, they increase their stay in office by more than 40%. Our findings contrast with a widely held position in the comparative authoritarian literature suggesting that dictators survive longer under institutional constraints. On the contrary, we argue that by removing constitutional barriers, rulers consolidate more power at the expense of their most ambitious allies and can stay in power longer.

Term Limit and Political Incumbency in Africa: Implications of Staying in Power Too Long with References to the Cases of Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Napoleon Bamfo
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Term Limits ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Abstract African nations never seriously addressed the issue of term limits for incumbents until newly-drafted constitutions did so in the early 1990s. Since then, however, some incumbents have initiated campaigns to circumvent that measure. Some of those initiatives have been successful; others have not. Incumbents attempting to stay in office longer than what constitutions originally allowed used to be a time-honored strategy that African leaders regularly employed throughout the post-independent period until the early 1990s. The autocratic and single-party regimes that littered Africa's political landscape epitomized the extent to which political incumbents would go to keep anybody else, including members of their own party, from winning the highest political office.The response of opposition groups and the military, which assumed a guardianship role, to this wanton aggrandizement of power was a spate of military coups, counter-coups, and sabotage or destabilize those regimes. African nations paid dearly for this wave of instability to which almost all political systems became associated. This period of uncertainty and decay reminiscent of Africa's recent history is being re-invented following unsuccessful attempts of political incumbents in Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia to seek additional terms. Even as these efforts were being resisted, incumbents elsewhere were succeeding at securing additional terms. This paper examines the impact this recent trend among incumbents for term extension will have on the building of political institutions in Africa. If history were to serve as a guide, that spells an ominous foreboding.

Conditions influencing the impact of state level program evaluation

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick L. Newman ◽  
Michael Smukler ◽  
Brian P. Griffin ◽  
Daniel B. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
State Level ◽  
The Impact

AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CONGRESSIONAL TERM LIMITS

1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Robert Reed ◽  
D. Eric Schansberg
Keyword(s):  
Term Limits ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Training on User Evaluations of Videotext

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009
Author(s):  
Lee B. Becker ◽  
Bernadette M. Hemels
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Personalized Instruction ◽  
User Evaluations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Program

Two experiments suggest that providing some instruction on new videotext technologies does not necessarily lead to a more positive initial experience or positive program evaluation, except where a system is complex and the user task difficult. Yet the experiments do suggest that as systems become more complex, personalized instruction on use may pay dividends in a number of ways.

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