Selected trace elements and organochlorines: Some findings in blood and eggs of nesting common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from Finland

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Christian Franson ◽  
Tuula Hollmen ◽  
Robert H. Poppenga ◽  
Martti Hario ◽  
Mikael Kilpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

SELECTED TRACE ELEMENTS AND ORGANOCHLORINES: SOME FINDINGS IN BLOOD AND EGGS OF NESTING COMMON EIDERS (SOMATERIA MOLLISSIMA) FROM FINLAND

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Christian Franson ◽  
Tuula Hollmén ◽  
Robert H. Poppenga ◽  
Martti Hario ◽  
Mikael Kilpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

Trace elements in eggs of common eiders ( Somateria mollissima ) breeding in Nova Scotia, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabeau Pratte ◽  
Molly D. Tomlik ◽  
Taylor A. Betsch ◽  
Birgit M. Braune ◽  
G. Randy Milton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

Circulating trace elements: Comparison between early and late incubation in common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in the central Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 110120
Author(s):  
Molly McPartland ◽  
Brenley Noori ◽  
Svend-Erik Garbus ◽  
Syverin Lierhagen ◽  
Christian Sonne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

Contaminants in common eiders (Somateria mollissima) of the Canadian Arctic

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L Mallory ◽  
Birgit M Braune ◽  
Mark Wayland ◽  
H Grant Gilchrist ◽  
D Lynne Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Common Eider ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Adult Bird ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Marine Birds ◽  
Common Eiders

Contamination of the Arctic environment by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and trace elements remains a key concern for local residents as well as wildlife and resource management organizations. The common eider (Somateria mollissima) is a large marine duck that forms an important component of the diet of many Arctic predators, including humans. Although various studies have been carried out to evaluate the role of a few contaminants thought to be of local concern, efforts to assess contaminant residues in eider tissues have not been comprehensive. In this review, we summarize the available information on POPs and trace elements in common eiders across the Canadian Arctic. With the exception of one adult bird collected near Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, eiders had detectable but low concentrations of most POPs, in some cases markedly lower than European eiders, and in all cases far lower than POP levels found in sympatric marine birds. However, common eiders did have elevated concentrations of many trace elements, noticeably cadmium, selenium, and copper, but these were below levels associated with toxicological risk to marine birds. Although the collective evidence suggests that common eiders of the Canadian Arctic may carry elevated levels of some contaminants, there was no evidence that these levels posed a threat to wildlife health. Key words: common Eider, persistent organic pollutants, trace elements, Arctic Canada.

Lead poisoning and trace elements in common eiders Somateria mollissima from Finland

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Hollmén ◽  
J. Christian Franson ◽  
Robert H. Poppenga ◽  
Martti Hario ◽  
Mikaei Kilpi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

scholarly journals Herd immunity drives the epidemic fadeout of avian cholera in Arctic-nesting seabirds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacintha G. B. van Dijk ◽  
Samuel A. Iverson ◽  
H. Grant Gilchrist ◽  
N. Jane Harms ◽  
Holly L. Hennin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colony Size ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Avian Cholera

AbstractAvian cholera, caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida, is a common and important infectious disease of wild birds in North America. Between 2005 and 2012, avian cholera caused annual mortality of widely varying magnitudes in Northern common eiders (Somateria mollissima borealis) breeding at the largest colony in the Canadian Arctic, Mitivik Island, Nunavut. Although herd immunity, in which a large proportion of the population acquires immunity to the disease, has been suggested to play a role in epidemic fadeout, immunological studies exploring this hypothesis have been missing. We investigated the role of three potential drivers of fadeout of avian cholera in eiders, including immunity, prevalence of infection, and colony size. Each potential driver was examined in relation to the annual real-time reproductive number (Rt) of P. multocida, previously calculated for eiders at Mitivik Island. Each year, colony size was estimated and eiders were closely monitored, and evaluated for infection and serological status. We demonstrate that acquired immunity approximated using antibody titers to P. multocida in both sexes was likely a key driver for the epidemic fadeout. This study exemplifies the importance of herd immunity in influencing the dynamics and fadeout of epidemics in a wildlife population.

Body and organ mass dynamics during remigial moult in a wing–foot-propelled diving sea duck: the Common Eider (Atlantic) (Somateria mollissima dresseri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Viain ◽  
M. Guillemette ◽  
J.-P.L. Savard
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Dabbling Ducks ◽  
Diving Ducks ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
Sea Duck ◽  
Remigial Moult ◽  
Atrophy Of The Heart

Body and organ dynamics, during remigial moult, have been mainly explored on geese, dabbling ducks, and foot-propelled diving ducks, but weakly on sea ducks. This study investigated the internal changes in a wing–foot-propelled sea duck to determine the adaptive strategies implemented. Forty-five male Common Eiders (Atlantic) (Somateria mollissima dresseri Sharpe, 1871), collected in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, were dissected; their body mass, muscle mass, and organ sizes were measured. We tested three hypotheses: (1) S. m. dresseri use a strategic reduction of body mass to reduce the flightlessness duration; (2) organs will exhibit changes consistent with a trade-off between function and maintenance to save and reallocate energy and proteins to feather growth; (3) S. m. dresseri would show lower flight muscle reduction than foot-propelled diving ducks. Somateria mollissima dresseri did not lose body mass, which does not support the first hypothesis. Atrophy of the heart followed by hypertrophy and opposite changes in leg muscle mass and gizzard mass are consistent with the second hypothesis. Flight muscle mass showed lower variations than in other ducks, validating the third hypothesis. We also suggest that the lipid depletion observed early in the moult could be a strategy to reduce foraging effort and minimize the risk of damaging the growing feathers.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of avian influenza in Baltic common eiders (Somateria mollissima) and pink-footed geese (Anser brachyrhynchus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 105873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Shiung Lam ◽  
Rune Skjold Tjørnløv ◽  
Ole Roland Therkildsen ◽  
Thomas Kjær Christensen ◽  
Jesper Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Anser Brachyrhynchus ◽  
Common Eiders

Common Eider (Somateria Mollissima) Body Condition and Parasitic Load during a Mortality Event in the Baltic Proper

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svend-Erik Garbus ◽  
Peter Lyngs ◽  
Jens Peter Christensen ◽  
Kurt Buchmann ◽  
Igor Eulaers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
Baltic Proper ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Average Body

During late spring of 2007 and 2015, we observed unusually high mortality of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) on Christiansø in the Baltic Proper. The number of dead birds (2007: 125; 2015: 110) composed 5–10% of the total colony. In 2015, we collected 15 (12 adult females, three subadult males) of the 110 recently deceased Common Eiders for detailed autopsy. The average body mass of the females was 1,040 g (920–1,160 g) which is ca 60% lower than what can be expected of healthy females during wintertime. Similarly, for the subadult males the average body mass of 1,203 g (1,070–1,300 g) comprised only 45% of what can be expected for healthy subadult males during winter. All 15 birds were thus severely emaciated and cachexic with general atrophy of muscles and internal organs. Hunger oedema, distended gall bladder, empty stomach, empty and dilated intestines and dilated cardiomyopathy were observed as well. In addition, all 15 Common Eiders were infected with high loads of the acanthocephalan parasite Polymorphus minutus. No gross morphological changes suggested toxicological, bacteriological or viral causes to the mortality. Taken together, our autopsy suggested starvation leading to secondary metabolic catabolism and eventually congestive heart failure. Five birds that were examined in 2007 showed the same symptoms. We suspect that the introduction of suboptimal feeding conditions in combination with a high parasite load over the last decade synergistically caused high physiological stress leading to population level effects manifested as high mortality.

scholarly journals Body mass, mercury exposure, biochemistry and untargeted metabolomics of incubating common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in three Baltic colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 105866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyuk Ling Ma ◽  
Martin Hansen ◽  
Ole Roland Therkildsen ◽  
Thomas Kjær Christensen ◽  
Rune Skjold Tjørnløv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders
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