Contaminant exposure and biochemical effects in outmigrant juvenile chinook salmon from urban and nonurban estuaries of puget sound, Washington

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Stein ◽  
Tom Hom ◽  
Tracy K. Collier ◽  
Donald W. Brown ◽  
Usha Varanasi
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Contaminant Exposure ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Ontogenetic Diet Shifts of Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Nearshore and Offshore Habitats of Puget Sound

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth J. Duffy ◽  
David A. Beauchamp ◽  
Ruston M. Sweeting ◽  
Richard J. Beamish ◽  
James S. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Ontogenetic Diet Shifts ◽  
Juvenile Chinook ◽  
Diet Shifts

Do chemically contaminated river estuaries in Puget Sound (Washington, USA) affect the survival rate of hatchery-reared Chinook salmon?

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Meador
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

This study examined the rate of survival for hatchery-reared, ocean-type juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to the adult life stage in relation to contamination status for estuaries where they temporarily reside. The hypothesis tested here is that juvenile Chinook from Puget Sound (Washington, USA) area hatcheries exhibit differential survival as categorized by the state of contamination in their respective natal estuaries. Data were examined from 20 hatcheries that released fish to 14 local estuaries in the Greater Puget Sound area over 37 years (1972–2008). A parallel analysis was also conducted for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) outmigrating from many of the same hatcheries. For all years combined, juvenile Chinook transiting contaminated estuaries exhibited an overall rate of survival that was 45% lower than that for Chinook moving through uncontaminated estuaries, which was confirmed when tested year by year. The results for coho originating from the same hatcheries and sharing a similar marine distribution indicated no substantial differences among estuaries. These observations have important implications for wild juvenile Chinook that spend more time in the estuary compared with hatchery-reared fish.

Fine-scale taxonomic and temporal variability in the energy density of invertebrate prey of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2020 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 185-198
Author(s):  
J Weil ◽  
WDP Duguid ◽  
F Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Temporal Differences ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Variation in the energy content of prey can drive the diet choice, growth and ultimate survival of consumers. In Pacific salmon species, obtaining sufficient energy for rapid growth during early marine residence is hypothesized to reduce the risk of size-selective mortality. In order to determine the energetic benefit of feeding choices for individuals, accurate estimates of energy density (ED) across prey groups are required. Frequently, a single species is assumed to be representative of a larger taxonomic group or related species. Further, single-point estimates are often assumed to be representative of a group across seasons, despite temporal variability. To test the validity of these practices, we sampled zooplankton prey of juvenile Chinook salmon to investigate fine-scale taxonomic and temporal differences in ED. Using a recently developed model to estimate the ED of organisms using percent ash-free dry weight, we compared energy content of several groups that are typically grouped together in growth studies. Decapod megalopae were more energy rich than zoeae and showed family-level variability in ED. Amphipods showed significant species-level variability in ED. Temporal differences were observed, but patterns were not consistent among groups. Bioenergetic model simulations showed that growth rate of juvenile Chinook salmon was almost identical when prey ED values were calculated on a fine scale or on a taxon-averaged coarse scale. However, single-species representative calculations of prey ED yielded highly variable output in growth depending on the representative species used. These results suggest that the latter approach may yield significantly biased results.

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