Development of toxic equivalency factors for PCB congeners and the assessment of TCDD and PCB mixtures in rainbow trout

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Newsted ◽  
Paul D. Jones ◽  
John P. Giesy ◽  
Robert A. Crawford ◽  
Gerald T. Ankley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
Toxic Equivalency Factors

Toxic equivalency factors for tetra- through octachlorinated dibenzofurans in PLHC-1 fish hepatoma cell line

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
D.E. Tillitt ◽  
M. Tysklind ◽  
L. Eriksson ◽  
K. Lundgren ◽  
C. Rappe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Hepatoma Cell Line ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
Toxic Equivalency Factors

Biological Half-lives of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Congeners in Whole Fish and Muscle of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1388-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Niimi ◽  
B. G. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Selective Elimination

The biological half-life [Formula: see text] of 31 dichloro- to decachloro-biphenyl congeners were monitored for 105 d in adult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) that were exposed to a single oral dose. In whole fish [Formula: see text] increased from 5 d to no apparent elimination as the number of chlorines on the biphenyl increased. This structure–activity relationship was not as evident in muscle where [Formula: see text] ranged from < 5 to 127 d. We suggest the decline in muscle resulted from decreasing lipid levels and the redistribution of congeners within the fish. From structure–activity analysis of [Formula: see text] in whole fish we conclude that elimination is enhanced for those congeners with lower chlorine content, with no chlorine substitutions in the ortho positions, and those with two unsubstituted carbons that are adjacent (vicinal) on the biphenyl. A significant decline in total PCB content in whole fish, equivalent to a [Formula: see text] of 219 d, was partly due to the composition of the PCB mixture administered, and the selective elimination of the lower chlorinated biphenyls.

Exposure to mixtures and congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Skerfving ◽  
B G Svensson ◽  
L Asplund ◽  
L Hagmar
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Total Pcbs ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Toxic Equivalency Factors ◽  
Toxic Equivalents ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract There are 209 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the metabolism and toxicity of which vary by congeners. Use of PCBs is now restricted, but environmental contamination and human exposure persist. Analysis for "total PCBs" in biological samples gives limited information; congener-specific analysis is far more informative, but more complicated. Concentrations of congeners in serum/plasma, adipose tissue, or milk are useful biomarkers of exposure. Lipids may contain similar concentrations and congener patterns, but these vary between exposures and are different from those of the corresponding exposure mixtures; hence, analysis of lipids cannot be used to identify the original exposure. Some non- and mono-ortho congeners may attain a coplanar conformation, which renders them capable of a dioxin-like action. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) have been used to sum that risk as toxic equivalents (TEQs), which are considerably different from congener concentrations. No reliable data have been developed on the relationship between concentrations of "total PCBs" or congeners in biological samples and effects of PCBs on human health, mainly because of the various analytical procedures involved and confounding exposures.

scholarly journals Development of a laboratory analytical method beneficial to the policies of the Canada-wide standards for dioxins and furans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Paul Buan
Keyword(s):  
Correction Factor ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
World Health ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Toxic Equivalency Factors ◽  
Toxic Equivalents ◽  
Health Organization

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was tested for its ability to screen for PCDD/F in soils and sediments at 50, 1000 and 10,000 picograms toxic equivalents per gram of soil pgTEQ g-₁ (n=48, r²=0.994, slope=0.94). These results relied on two concepts developed in this thesis. The first, a congener correction factor, corrects ELISA results for differences in how ELISA and GC-HRMS calculate the dioxin content of a sample. The congener correction factor increased the correlation between ELISA and GC-HRMS TEQ values calculated using World Health Organization (WHO) toxic equivalency factors (TEF) from 83% to 94%. The correlation between ELISA and GC-HRMS TEQ values calculated using North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) TEF remained strong when the correction factor was applied, falling from 102% to 94%. The second concept, a sample algorithm allows ELIAS to efficiently measure unknown PCDD/F concentrations between 30 and 10,5000 pgTEQ g-¹. The algorithm successfully placed 24 of 28 samples into their correct concentration ranges in a maximum of two ELISA each. A cost analysis of using the algorithm predicted that ELISA can screen samples three times faster than GC-HRMS while at a 60% reduction in operating cost. The success of ELISA in conjunction with its time and cost savings indicate that it can replace GC-HRMS in situations where the high precision of GC-HRMS is not required.

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