Effect of organic carbon on the uptake and toxicity of quaternary ammonium compounds to the fathead minnow,Pimephales promelas

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Versteeg ◽  
Shirley J Shorter
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

Determination of quaternary ammonium compounds in food products by the method of ultra-performance liquid chromatography/high resolution mass-spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
V. G. Amelin ◽  
D. S. Bolshakov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
High Resolution Mass ◽  
Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Resolution Mass

The goal of the study is developing a methodology for determination of the residual amounts of quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) in food products by UHPLC/high-resolution mass spectrometry after water-acetonitrile extraction of the determined components from the analyzed samples. The identification and determination of QAC was carried out on an «UltiMate 3000» ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph (Thermo Scientific, USA) equipped with a «maXis 4G» high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometric detector and an ion spray «ionBooster» source (Bruker Daltonics, Germany). Samples of milk, cheese (upper cortical layer), dumplings, pork, chicken skin and ground beef were used as working samples. Optimal conditions are specified for chromatographic separation of the mixture of five QAC, two of them being a mixture of homologues with a linear structure (including isomeric forms). The identification of QAC is carried out by the retention time, exact mass of the ions, and coincidence of the mSigma isotopic distribution. The limits for QAC detection are 0.1 – 0.5 ng/ml, the determination limits are 1 ng/ml for aqueous standard solutions. The determinable content of QAC in food products ranges within 1 – 100 ng/g. The results of analysis revealed the residual amount of QAC present in all samples, which confirms data of numerous sources of information about active use of QAC-based disinfectants in the meat and dairy industry. The correctness of the obtained results is verified by introduction of the additives in food products at a level of 10 ng/g for each QAC. The relative standard deviation of the analysis results does not exceed 0.18. The duration of the analysis is 30 – 40 min.

scholarly journals From antimicrobial activity to mechanism of resistance: the multifaceted role of simple quaternary ammonium compounds in bacterial eradication

Tetrahedron ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (25) ◽  
pp. 3559-3566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P.C. Minbiole ◽  
Megan C. Jennings ◽  
Laura E. Ator ◽  
Jacob W. Black ◽  
Melissa C. Grenier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Eradication ◽  
Mechanism Of Resistance ◽  
Ammonium Compounds
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