scholarly journals Application of the Target Lipid Model to Assess Toxicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds to Aquatic Organisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy McGrath ◽  
Gordon Getzinger ◽  
Aaron D. Redman ◽  
Melanie Edwards ◽  
Alberto Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Target Lipid Model

Sources and Environmental Concentrations of Dioxins and Related Compounds

1996 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1781-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoffer Rappe
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Soil Sediments

Polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans are two series of tricyclic aromatic compounds, which have been the focus of the interest in the last decades; in all there exist more than 200 congeners. They are formed in numerous ways, primarily in incineration processes and in industrial processes. It has also been found that they are formed by natural processes. They are ubiquitous and have been quantified in abiotic samples such as soil, sediments and air as well as in living organisms, primarily aquatic organisms. A dramatic decrease in most environmental concentrations including biological and human samples of PCDDs and PCDFs has been identified. There is a discrepancy between sources and environmental reservoirs which cannot be fully explained.

Induction of Ultrastructural Alterations by Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
W.N. Norton ◽  
M. Livingston ◽  
D. Mattie
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Hydrocarbon Accumulation ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
Aquatic Vertebrates ◽  
Species Specific

Petroleum-derived aviation fuel consists of a variety of aromatic compounds including toluene, benzene, xylene and naphthalene. Investigators have determined that the rate of aromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in aquatic organisms is highly species specific. Toluene is capable of concentrating in a variety of organs once uptake has occurred. Additional compounds such as benzene, xylene and naphthalene have been studied as to their relative toxicities to aquatic organisms. There is a paucity of information regarding histopathological and physiological responses of aquatic vertebrates to the aromatic hydrocarbons mentioned above.

Vaccines for aquaculture overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Khishov ◽  
◽  
Galina I. Burlakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Short Development Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
North And South America ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Aquaculture production is a promising direction for the development of food production. Like traditional types of animal husbandry, it needs effective medicines for veterinary use, which would ensure not only the well-being of farmed aquatic organisms, but also increase the safety of the fish products and non-fish objects of fishing. The development of measures to control epizootic processes in aquatic organisms is impossible without the creation of new immunological preparations. The development and use of immunobiological drugs will reduce the use of antimicrobial agents. The corresponding set of pharmaceutical drugs was transferred from the traditional veterinary medicine, but due to the peculiarities of the biology of aquatic animals, their immunity and the characteristics of specific pathogens, this could not be done with biological products. The short development time in the aquaculture industry poses current challenges in the form of a lack of basic and applied research for relatively poorly understood groups of new pathogens. The immunological processes associated with the development and intensity of the immune response in aquatic organisms require a detailed study. For domestic aquaculture producers, the analysis and dissemination of the experience accumulated by mankind and the application of advanced developments in this area are even more relevant, since Russia is just beginning its path of intensifying aquaculture production. At the same time, it is clear that the prohibition of the use and monitoring of antimicrobial agents in food products and feed requires a change in the approach to the problem and will lead to the creation of new immunobiological drugs. The market for immunobiological preparations for aquaculture is the most promising for development. In the article, the authors provide data on the development and registration of vaccines for aquaculture in Europe, North and South America.

1679 Fatty acid profile, sensory traits, and aromatic compounds of chops from lambs fed ground woody plants as roughage in feedlot finishing diets

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 818-818
Author(s):  
K. R. Wall ◽  
C. R. Kerth ◽  
T. R. Whitney ◽  
S. B. Smith ◽  
J. L. Glasscock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Finishing Diets

Tandem Mass Spectrometric Evaluation of Core Structures of Aromatic Compounds after Catalytic Deoxygenation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Method ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Catalytic Deoxygenation ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

Catalytic deoxygenation of coal enhances the stability and combustion performance of coal-derived liquids. However, determination of the selectivity of removal of oxygen atoms incorporated in or residing outside of aromatic rings is challenging. This limits the ability to evaluate the success of catalytic deoxygenation processes. A mass spectrometric method, in-source collision-activated dissociation (ISCAD), combined with high resolution product ion detection, is demonstrated to allow the determination of whether the oxygen atoms in aromatic compounds reside outside of aromatic rings or are part of the aromatic system, because alkyl chains can be removed from aromatic cores via ISCAD. Application of this method for the analysis of a subbituminous coal treated using a supported catalyst revealed that the catalytic treatment reduced the number of oxygen-containing heteroaromatic rings but not the number of oxygen atoms residing outside the aromatic rings.<br>

Tandem Mass Spectrometric Evaluation of Core Structures of Aromatic Compounds after Catalytic Deoxygenation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Method ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Catalytic Deoxygenation ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

Catalytic deoxygenation of coal enhances the stability and combustion performance of coal-derived liquids. However, determination of the selectivity of removal of oxygen atoms incorporated in or residing outside of aromatic rings is challenging. This limits the ability to evaluate the success of catalytic deoxygenation processes. A mass spectrometric method, in-source collision-activated dissociation (ISCAD), combined with high resolution product ion detection, is demonstrated to allow the determination of whether the oxygen atoms in aromatic compounds reside outside of aromatic rings or are part of the aromatic system, because alkyl chains can be removed from aromatic cores via ISCAD. Application of this method for the analysis of a subbituminous coal treated using a supported catalyst revealed that the catalytic treatment reduced the number of oxygen-containing heteroaromatic rings but not the number of oxygen atoms residing outside the aromatic rings.<br>

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