Cessation of oil exposure in harlequin ducks after the Exxon Valdez oil spill: Cytochrome P4501A biomarker evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Esler ◽  
Brenda E. Ballachey ◽  
Lizabeth Bowen ◽  
A. Keith Miles ◽  
Rian D. Dickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Cytochrome P4501a ◽  
Harlequin Ducks ◽  
Oil Exposure

PCB exposure in sea otters and harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Ricca ◽  
A. Keith Miles ◽  
Brenda E. Ballachey ◽  
James L. Bodkin ◽  
Daniel Esler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Sea Otters ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Harlequin Ducks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pcb Exposure

HERRING PARASITE AND TISSUE ALTERATIONS FOLLOWING THE EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D. Moles ◽  
Stanley D. Rice ◽  
Mark S. Okihiro
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Prince William Sound ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Tissue Alteration ◽  
Oil Exposure

ABSTRACT We examined the intensity and prevalence of larval nematodes (Anisakis simplex,) and alterations in selected tissues of spawning Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) exposed to crude oil, in the laboratory under controlled conditions and in Prince William Sound 14 days after the Exxon Valdez oil spill. In the laboratory, intensity and prevalence of nematodes in the body cavities of herring exposed to the water-soluble fraction of oil declined when exposed to doses above 1.2 mg/L total aromatics. In Prince William Sound, nematodes were rare in spawning herring from oiled sites and abundant among herring from areas outside the spill. Oil exposure apparently induced the nematodes to migrate from the body cavity to the body wall with the lower intensity reflecting a change in parasite location. A coccidian Eimeria clupearum was found in greater numbers in oil exposed herring. To verify exposure effects and to link parasite and tissue alteration with oil exposure, histological examination was used. Liver coagulative necrosis indicated hepatotoxic exposure. Necrosis was followed by macrophage aggregation in the resolution phase. The laboratory exposures allowed confirmation of oil exposure in Prince William Sound and permitted analysis of effects on two internal parasites.

Relationship Between Oil Exposure and Reproductive Parameters in Fish Collected Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Y Sol ◽  
Lyndal L Johnson ◽  
Beth H Horness ◽  
Tracy K Collier
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Exposure

Winter Survival of Adult Female Harlequin Ducks in Relation to History of Contamination by the "Exxon Valdez" Oil Spill

2000 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Esler ◽  
Joel A. Schmutz ◽  
Robert L. Jarvis ◽  
Daniel M. Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Harlequin Ducks ◽  
History Of

OIL EXPOSURE AND EFFECTS IN SUBTIDAL FISH FOLLOWING THE EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy K. Collier ◽  
Margaret M. Krahn ◽  
Cheryl A. Krone ◽  
Lyndal L. Johnson ◽  
Mark S. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Oil Exposure

ABSTRACT The assessment of oil exposure and resulting biological effects in subtidal fish following marine oil spills is a rather challenging task, due to difficulty in sampling and a lack of methodologies that allow direct determination of petroleum exposure. Because fish can rapidly metabolize petroleum hydrocarbons, standard chemical analyses are of little use for assessing exposure of fish to oil. However, methods are now available for measuring the metabolites of petroleum hydrocarbons in fish, as described elsewhere by Krahn and her colleagues. There have also been advances in determining early biochemical effects—such as induction of the cytochrome P450 system—and more severe biological effects—such as histopathological alterations and reproductive dysfunction—in fish species following exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons and related compounds. Accordingly, following the Exxon Valdez oil spill, we have been using these approaches and methodologies to measure oil exposure in subtidal fish species, together with associated biological effects. These studies have been conducted at sites inside Prince William Sound and along the Kenai and Alaska Peninsulas. Our results show a continuing exposure of several fish species, including benthic species, which indicates petroleum contamination of subtidal areas. We have also assessed reproductive function and histopathological alterations in several of these species; and while major effects have not been documented, some suggestion of histopathological alterations of gill exists in one species of benthic fish. Still to be determined are the potential impacts on fishery resources of long-term exposure to petroleum, albeit at moderate to low levels.

Histopathology and cytogenetic evaluation of Pacific herring larvae exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons in the laboratory or in Prince William Sound, Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez oil spill

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1846-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D Marty ◽  
J E Hose ◽  
M D McGurk ◽  
E D Brown ◽  
D E Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Prince William Sound ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Clupea Pallasi ◽  
Vacuolar Change ◽  
Pericardial Edema ◽  
Oil Exposure ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) larvae sampled from oiled sites had ascites, pericardial edema, and genotoxic damage. Laboratory study confirmed that these lesions were consistent with oil exposure. Pacific herring larvae were trawled from two oiled and two unoiled sites in Prince William Sound in May 1989. Larvae from oiled sites were shorter, had ingested less food, had slower growth (oiled, 0.07-0.10 mm/day; unoiled, 0.15-0.18 mm/day), and had higher prevalence of cytogenetic damage (oiled, 56-84%; unoiled, 32-40%) and ascites (oiled, 16%; unoiled, 1%) than from unoiled sites. In the laboratory experiment, Pacific herring eggs were exposed to an oil-water dispersion of Prudhoe Bay crude oil (initial concentrations of 0.0, 0.10, 0.24, 0.48, and 2.41 mg/L) and sampled for histopathology <24 h after hatching. Effects were significant at the 0.48 mg/L dose (Dunnett's procedure, P < 0.05). Lesions included ascites; hepatocellular vacuolar change; and degeneration or necrosis of skeletal myocytes, retinal cells, and developing brain cells. Lesions in field-sampled larvae were consistent with higher mortality rates documented in larvae from oiled sites.

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