Assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: Influence of intra- and interlaboratory testing, life stage, and species

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Raimondo ◽  
Crystal R. Lilavois ◽  
Larisa Lee ◽  
Tom Augspurger ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Interlaboratory Testing

Bioavailability and acute toxicity of copper to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the presence of organic acids simulating natural dissolved organic carbon

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1471-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
J CA Marr ◽  
J Lipton ◽  
D Cacela ◽  
J A Hansen ◽  
J S Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Failure Time ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Organic Complexes ◽  
Inorganic Species

Copper bioavailability and toxicity to early life stage rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were evaluated by laboratory toxicity testing performed using organic acid mixtures. Geochemical modeling was used to design exposure solutions that simulate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of a natural aquatic system and to determine the fractions of total Cu present as inorganic species (e.g., Cu2+) and as individual Cu-organic complexes. Failure time modeling indicated that mortality was best predicted by a combination of total inorganic Cu and distinct Cu-organic complexes. The Cu-organic complexes that contributed to toxicity are characterized as low-affinity Cu-ligands, and our results support the hypothesis that Cu toxicity in nature is a function of the binding characteristics of individual ligands. Estimates of time-independent median lethal concentration thresholds determined at widely varying equivalent concentrations of DOC (0-16 mg/L) were constant (7.9-8.6 µg Cu/L) when modeled using the sum of inorganic Cu and Cu bound to the two low-affinity ligands as predictors of toxicity. Our results indicate that Cu bound to organic complexes may be available to fish and that acute toxicity of Cu is determined by the binding affinities of specific DOC components relative to Cu-binding affinity of fish gill.

Toxicity reduction in an industrial nitro-aromatic wastewater plant: an assessment and a proposed improvement

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Lu ◽  
Bi-Cun Jiang ◽  
Ai-Min Li ◽  
Hong-Yan Guo ◽  
Shu-Guang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Toxicity Reduction ◽  
Resin Adsorption ◽  
Nitro Aromatic

In this study, the performance of a typical Chinese industrial nitro-aromatic wastewater project (operational capacity: 3,000 m3d−1) was evaluated using chemical properties and toxicity data. Additionally, the relationship between the removal of organic pollutants and toxicity reduction was investigated throughout the whole-process wastewater treatment. Current advanced treatment reduced the dissolved organic carbon by 40% compared with biologically treated wastewater effluent (BTWE), but the acute toxicity and early life-stage toxicity increased significantly. For instance, the acute toxicity of the current advanced treated wastewater was 450% greater than that of the untreated BTWE. With the aim of effectively decreasing the toxicity of the effluent, several efficient adsorption technologies were assessed and compared for further treatment of BTWE. Coagulation and/or oxidation coupled with activated carbon adsorption, hypercrosslinked resin adsorption, or MIEX® technology was helpful for improving chemical indices and reducing toxicity. Among these adsorption treatment technologies, hypercrosslinked resin adsorption was more effective at removing most of the toxicants than MIEX® technology, and it also had better regeneration efficiency and mechanical properties compared with activated carbon. Therefore, hypercrosslinked resin adsorption may be a promising technology for enhancing organic pollutant removal and toxicity reduction of BTWE from nitro-aromatic factories.

Acute and sub-acute toxicity methanolic extract from Brickellia cavanillesii in mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
GM Avila-Villarreal ◽  
DE Giles-Rivas ◽  
B Aguilar-Guadarrama ◽  
P Castillo-España ◽  
S Estrada-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extract
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