Sodium chloride enhances cadmium tolerance through reducing cadmium accumulation and increasing anti-oxidative enzyme activity in tobacco

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Lin Zhang ◽  
Sheng-Hua Shang ◽  
Hai-Tao Zhang ◽  
Zahra Jabeen ◽  
Guo-Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme ◽  
Cadmium Tolerance ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme Activity

scholarly journals Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia: I. A quantitative histochemical study of skeletal muscles

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza Dias-Tosta
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme ◽  
Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme Activity ◽  
Group 2

This study quantitates the major morphological and cytochemical changes in limb muscle biopsies from 37 patients with the, syndrome of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). The aim was to assess the value of limb muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of this syndrome; to define the myopathological changes and to determine whether there were any specific clinico-pathological correlations. Patients were divided into three clinical groups - 11 patients with CPEO with facial and/or limb muscle weakness; 10 with CPEO with facial and/or limb muscle weakness and a positive family history; 16 with CPEO with one or more of the following: pigmentary retinopathy, cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs and peripheral neuropathy. The following parameters were measured: the proportions of histochemical fibre types, the muscle fibre areas and the percentage of muscle fibres showing increased oxidative enzyme activity. Pooled results for each of the clinical categories were compared. Statistical analysis of fibre areas and the percentage of fibres with increased oxidative enzyme activity, showed that group 2 differed from the others (p < 0.05). Patients in group 2 showed the highest incidence of type 1 fibre hypertrophy, type 2A atrophy and the lowest incidence of fibres with increased oxidative activity. Fibre type disproportions occurred in all three groups but the differences were not significant.

scholarly journals Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Type-Identified Fibers in Rat Hindlimb Muscles: a Review

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Nakatani ◽  
Toshikatsu Nakashima ◽  
Taizo Kita ◽  
Akihiko Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles

African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adèle R. Weston ◽  
O. Karamizrak ◽  
A. Smith ◽  
T. D. Noakes ◽  
Kathryn H. Myburgh
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Muscle Enzyme ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme Activity

Nine African and eight Caucasian 10-km runners resident at sea level volunteered. Maximal O2 consumption and peak treadmill velocity (PTV) were measured by using a progressive test, and fatigue resistance [time to fatigue (TTF)] was measured by using a newly developed high-intensity running test: 5 min at 72, 80, and 88% of individual PTV followed by 92% PTV to exhaustion. Skeletal muscle enzyme activities were determined in 12 runners and 12 sedentary control subjects. In a comparison of African and Caucasian runners, mean 10-km race time, maximal O2consumption, and PTV were similar. In African runners, TTF was 21% longer ( P < 0.01), plasma lactate accumulation after 5 min at 88% PTV was 38% lower ( P < 0.05), and citrate synthase activity was 50% higher (27.9 ± 7.5 vs. 18.6 ± 2.1 μmol ⋅ g wet wt−1 ⋅ min−1, P = 0.02). Africans accumulated lactate at a slower rate with increasing exercise intensity ( P < 0.05). Among the entire group of runners, a higher citrate synthase activity was associated with a longer TTF ( r= 0.70, P < 0.05), a lower plasma lactate accumulation ( r = −0.73, P = 0.01), and a lower respiratory exchange ratio ( r = −0.63, P < 0.05). We conclude that the African and Caucasian runners in the present study differed with respect to oxidative enzyme activity, rate of lactate accumulation, and their ability to sustain high-intensity endurance exercise.

Acrylamide alters oxidative enzyme activity in rat motoneurons

1985 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale W. Sickles ◽  
Barry D. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme ◽  
Oxidative Enzyme Activity
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