High‐frequency standard deviation of the capacity factor of renewable energy facilities—Part 2: Wind

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Capacity Factor

Reliability of the Minimum Masking Level as Outcome Variable in Tinnitus Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Mancini ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tang-Chuan Wang ◽  
Helena Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minimum Intensity

Purpose The minimum masking level (MML) is the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to just totally mask the tinnitus. Treatments aimed at reducing the tinnitus itself should attempt to measure the magnitude of the tinnitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the MML. Method Sample consisted of 59 tinnitus patients who reported stable tinnitus. We obtained MML measures on two visits, separated by about 2–3 weeks. We used two noise types: speech-shaped noise and high-frequency emphasis noise. We also investigated the relationship between the MML and tinnitus loudness estimates and the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Results There were differences across the different noise types. The within-session standard deviation averaged across subjects varied between 1.3 and 1.8 dB. Across the two sessions, the Pearson correlation coefficients, range was r = .84. There was a weak relationship between the dB SL MML and loudness, and between the MML and the THQ. A moderate correlation ( r = .44) was found between the THQ and loudness estimates. Conclusions We conclude that the dB SL MML can be a reliable estimate of tinnitus magnitude, with expected standard deviations in trained subjects of about 1.5 dB. It appears that the dB SL MML and loudness estimates are not closely related.

scholarly journals The Dollar and Corporate Borrowing Costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1312) ◽  
pp. 1-64
Author(s):  
Ralf R. Meisenzahl ◽  
◽  
Friederike Niepmann ◽  
Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Borrowing Costs ◽  
Corporate Borrowing ◽  
Loan Terms ◽  
Syndicated Loan ◽  
Loan Amount

We show that U.S. dollar movements affect syndicated loan terms for U.S. borrowers, even for those without trade exposure. We identify the effect of dollar movements using spread and loan amount adjustments during the syndication process. Using this high-frequency, within loan variation, we find that a one standard deviation increase in the dollar index increases spreads by up to 15 basis points and reduces loan amounts and underpricing by up to 2 percent and 7 basis points, respectively. These effects are concentrated in dollar appreciations. Our results suggest that global factors reflected in the dollar affect U.S. borrowing costs.

scholarly journals Rhetorical Discourse Analysis of State of the Nation Address of Select Philippine Presidents

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilibeth A. Calonge ◽  
Ismael N. Talili
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Rhetorical Discourse

The art of public speaking has been one of the commonly feared tasks for some people because they are not prepared and equipped with knowledge in rhetoric. The study was conducted to analyze the State of the Nation Address (SONA) delivered by the three presidents of the Philippines. Speech videos and speech manuscripts were analyzed using validated rubrics. A survey was also conducted to gather information on students’ perception on the study of rhetoric. Frequency, standard deviation, and weighted mean were used to analyze the rhetorical devices and canons of rhetoric employed in the speeches. It was found out that metaphor is a common rhetorical device used by the Presidents. The results show that the canons of rhetoric: invention, arrangement, style, memory and delivery were utilized in the speeches. Majority of the students of Rhetoric and Public Discourse, self-reported (or agreed) that the rhetorical discourse analysis of the SONA is beneficial to them as Rhetoric and Public Discourse students. The study concludes that the Presidents used the rhetorical elements and techniques to convince and influence the audience. It is recommended that the presidents (or their speech writers) should consider optimum use of the rhetorical elements and techniques to evoke the desired response from the audience.

Research Insights: Can Low-Cost Communication Technologies Bridge Information Gaps between Schools and Parents?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Berlinski ◽  
Matías Busso ◽  
Taryn Dinkelman ◽  
Claudia Martínez
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
School Behavior ◽  
Percentage Points

We document large gaps between parents knowledge and school reports of students attendance and grades. Sending frequent text messages with information on attendance, grades and school behavior shrinks those gaps. Parents of at-risk students adjust their understanding of their children's performance to the greatest degree. High-frequency text messages had positive impacts on grades and attendance. Math GPA increased 0.08 of a standard deviation; the probability of earning a passing grade in math increased by 2.7 percentage points (relative to a mean of 90 percent). The intervention also reduced school absenteeism by 1 percentage point and increased the share of students who met attendance requirements for grade promotion by 4.5 percentage points.

scholarly journals Capacity factors of solar photovoltaic energy facilities in California, annual mean and variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti ◽  
Stefania Castelletto ◽  
Wael Al-Kouz ◽  
Jamal Nayfeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Capacity Factor ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Cost Penalty ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Annual Capacity

The capacity factors of the largest solar photovoltaic (PV) energy facilities of California are computed, based on a low-frequency monthly statistic that is covering the last few years. While the best-performing facilities achieve annual capacity factors of about 32-33%, the average annual capacity factor is less than 30%, at about 26-27%. The scattered information on costs suggests a cost penalty of 35% for a capacity factor gain of 10%. Higher frequency data of 1-minute or less for every facility connected to the same grid and the grid average energy supply are needed to define the energy storage indispensable to cover a given demand. The individual facility energy production requires to account for a cost associated with an energy storage allowance to every producer of intermittent and unpredictable electricity, with this amount inversely proportional to the annual average capacity factor and directly proportional to the standard deviation of the high-frequency capacity factors.

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