scholarly journals Residual dune ridges: sedimentary architecture, genesis, and implications for palaeo‐climate reconstructions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lindhorst ◽  
Tony Reimann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Sedimentary Architecture

scholarly journals The complexity of climate reconstructions using the coexistence approach on Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yong Zhang ◽  
Dong-Mei Cheng ◽  
Cheng-Sen Li ◽  
Wan Hu ◽  
Xuan-Huai Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Coexistence Approach

The tributary valley systems of the Almeria Canyon (Alboran Sea, SW Mediterranean): Sedimentary architecture

2006 ◽  
Vol 226 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marga García ◽  
Belén Alonso ◽  
Gemma Ercilla ◽  
Eulàlia Gràcia
Keyword(s):  
Alboran Sea ◽  
Sedimentary Architecture ◽  
Alborán Sea

Is temperature still the most limiting factor for growth in northern boreal forests?

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110116
Author(s):  
Jeroen DM Schreel
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Latewood Density

Over the last few decades – at a range of northern sites – changes in tree-ring width and latewood density have not followed mean summertime temperature fluctuations. This discrepancy sharply contrasts an earlier correlation between those variables. As the origin of this inconsistency has not been fully deciphered, questions have emerged regarding the use of tree-ring width and latewood density as a proxy in dendrochronological climate reconstructions. I suggest that temperature is no longer the most limiting factor in certain boreal areas, which might explain the observed divergence.

Data Fusion of Total Solar Irradiance Composite Time Series Using 40 years of Satellite Measurements: First Results 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Montillet ◽  
Wolfgang Finsterle ◽  
Werner Schmutz ◽  
Margit Haberreiter ◽  
Rok Sikonja
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Total Solar Irradiance ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
The Earth ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Difference

<p><span>Since the late 70’s, successive satellite missions have been monitoring the sun’s activity, recording total solar irradiance observations. These measurements are important to estimate the Earth’s energy imbalance, </span><span>i.e. the difference of energy absorbed and emitted by our planet. Climate modelers need the solar forcing time series in their models in order to study the influence of the Sun on the Earth’s climate. With this amount of TSI data, solar irradiance reconstruction models  can be better validated which can also improve studies looking at past climate reconstructions (e.g., Maunder minimum). V</span><span>arious algorithms have been proposed in the last decade to merge the various TSI measurements over the 40 years of recording period. We have developed a new statistical algorithm based on data fusion.  The stochastic noise processes of the measurements are modeled via a dual kernel including white and coloured noise.  We show our first results and compare it with previous releases (PMOD,ACRIM, ... ). </span></p>

Climate and environmental context of the Mongol invasion of Syria and defeat at ‘Ayn Jālūt (1258–1260 CE)

Erdkunde ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Nicola Di Cosmo ◽  
Sebastian Wagner ◽  
Ulf Büntgen
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Climate Reconstructions

After a successful conquest of large parts of Syria in 1258 and 1259 CE, the Mongol army lost the battle of 'Ayn Jālūt against Mamluks on September 3, 1260 CE. Recognized as a turning point in world history, their sudden defeat triggered the reconfiguration of strategic alliances and geopolitical power not only in the Middle East, but also across much of Eurasia. Despite decades of research, scholars have not yet reached consensus over the causes of the Mongol reverse. Here, we revisit previous arguments in light of climate and environmental changes in the aftermath of one the largest volcanic forcings in the past 2500 years, the Samalas eruption ~1257 CE. Regional tree ring-based climate reconstructions and state-of-the-art Earth System Model simulations reveal cooler and wetter conditions from spring 1258 to autumn 1259 CE for the eastern Mediterranean/Arabian region. We therefore hypothesize that the post-Samalas climate anomaly and associated environmental variability affected an estimated 120,000 Mongol soldiers and up to half a million of their horses during the conquest. More specifically, we argue that colder and wetter climates in 1258 and 1259 CE, while complicating and slowing the campaign in certain areas, such as the mountainous regions in the Caucasus and Anatolia, also facilitated the assault on Syria between January and March 1260. A return to warmer and dryer conditions in the summer of 1260 CE, however, likely reduced the regional carrying capacity and may therefore have forced a mass withdrawal of the Mongols from the region that contributed to the Mamluks’ victory. In pointing to a distinct environmental dependency of the Mongols, we offer a new explanation of their defeat at 'Ayn Jālūt, which effectively halted the further expansion of the largest ever land-based empire.

scholarly journals Synchronizing the Greenland ice core and radiocarbon timescales over the Holocene – Bayesian wiggle-matching of cosmogenic radionuclide records

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Adolphi ◽  
R. Muscheler
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Counting Error ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Uncertainty Measurement ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Paleoclimate Records ◽  
Cosmogenic Radionuclide

Abstract. Investigations of past climate dynamics rely on accurate and precise chronologies of the employed climate reconstructions. The radiocarbon dating calibration curve (IntCal13) and the Greenland ice core chronology (GICC05) represent two of the most widely used chronological frameworks in paleoclimatology of the past  ∼  50 000 years. However, comparisons of climate records anchored on these chronologies are hampered by the precision and accuracy of both timescales. Here we use common variations in the production rates of 14C and 10Be recorded in tree-rings and ice cores, respectively, to assess the differences between both timescales during the Holocene. Compared to earlier work, we employ a novel statistical approach which leads to strongly reduced and yet, more robust, uncertainty estimates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the inferred timescale differences are robust independent of (i) the applied ice core 10Be records, (ii) assumptions of the mode of 10Be deposition, as well as (iii) carbon cycle effects on 14C, and (iv) in agreement with independent estimates of the timescale differences. Our results imply that the GICC05 counting error is likely underestimated during the most recent 2000 years leading to a dating bias that propagates throughout large parts of the Holocene. Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that the GICC05 counting error is generally a robust uncertainty measurement but care has to be taken when treating it as a nearly Gaussian error distribution. The proposed IntCal13-GICC05 transfer function facilitates the comparison of ice core and radiocarbon dated paleoclimate records at high chronological precision.

scholarly journals 3-D visualisation of palaeoseismic trench stratigraphy and trench logging using terrestrial remote sensing and GPR – a multiparametric interpretation

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Schneiderwind ◽  
Jack Mason ◽  
Thomas Wiatr ◽  
Ioannis Papanikolaou ◽  
Klaus Reicherter
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Backscatter Signal ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Sedimentary Architecture ◽  
Hazard Assessments ◽  
Multispectral Analysis

Abstract. Two normal faults on the island of Crete and mainland Greece were studied to test an innovative workflow with the goal of obtaining a more objective palaeoseismic trench log, and a 3-D view of the sedimentary architecture within the trench walls. Sedimentary feature geometries in palaeoseismic trenches are related to palaeoearthquake magnitudes which are used in seismic hazard assessments. If the geometry of these sedimentary features can be more representatively measured, seismic hazard assessments can be improved. In this study more representative measurements of sedimentary features are achieved by combining classical palaeoseismic trenching techniques with multispectral approaches. A conventional trench log was firstly compared to results of ISO (iterative self-organising) cluster analysis of a true colour photomosaic representing the spectrum of visible light. Photomosaic acquisition disadvantages (e.g. illumination) were addressed by complementing the data set with active near-infrared backscatter signal image from t-LiDAR measurements. The multispectral analysis shows that distinct layers can be identified and it compares well with the conventional trench log. According to this, a distinction of adjacent stratigraphic units was enabled by their particular multispectral composition signature. Based on the trench log, a 3-D interpretation of attached 2-D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles collected on the vertical trench wall was then possible. This is highly beneficial for measuring representative layer thicknesses, displacements, and geometries at depth within the trench wall. Thus, misinterpretation due to cutting effects is minimised. This manuscript combines multiparametric approaches and shows (i) how a 3-D visualisation of palaeoseismic trench stratigraphy and logging can be accomplished by combining t-LiDAR and GPR techniques, and (ii) how a multispectral digital analysis can offer additional advantages to interpret palaeoseismic and stratigraphic data. The multispectral data sets are stored allowing unbiased input for future (re)investigations.

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