Post‐fire soil erosion mitigation at the scale of swales using forest logging residues at a reduced application rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1483
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
Erosion Mitigation

Post‐fire soil erosion mitigation at the scale of swales using forest logging residues at a reduced application rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 2837-2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Prats ◽  
Óscar González‐Pelayo ◽  
Flavio C. Silva ◽  
Koen J. Bokhorst ◽  
Jantiene E.M. Baartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
Erosion Mitigation

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Management on Erosion in Mountain Vineyards (N-W Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Silvia Stanchi ◽  
Odoardo Zecca ◽  
Csilla Hudek ◽  
Emanuele Pintaldi ◽  
Davide Viglietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Ecosystem Services ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Management Approaches

We studied the effects of three soil management approaches (permanent grassing, chemical weeding, and buffer strips), and the additional impact of tractor passage on soil erosion in a sloping vineyard located in the inner part of Aosta Valley (N-W Italian Alps). The vineyard rows were equipped with a sediment collection system with channels and barrel tanks. A total of 12 events with sediment production were observed across 6 years, and the collected sediments were weighted and analyzed. Average erosion rates ranged from negligible (mainly in grassed rows) to 1.1 t ha−1 per event (after weeding). The most erosive event occurred in July 2015, with a total rainfall of 32.2 mm, of which 20.1 were recorded in 1 h. Despite the limited number of erosive events observed, and the low measured erosion rates, permanent grassing reduced soil erosion considerably with respect to weeding; buffering had a comparable effect to grassing. The tractor passage, independent of the soil management approaches adopted, visibly accelerated the erosion process. The collected sediments were highly enriched in organic C, total N, and fine size fractions, indicating a potential loss of fertility over time. Despite the measured erosion rates being low over the experiment’s duration, more severe events are well documented in the recent past, and the number of intense storms is likely to increase due to climate change. Thus, the potential effects of erosion in the medium and long term need to be limited to a minimum rate of soil loss. Our experiment helped to compare soil losses by erosion under different soil management practices, including permanent grassing, i.e., a nature-based erosion mitigation measure. The results of the research can provide useful indications for planners and practitioners in similar regions, for sustainable, cross-sectoral soil management, and the enhancement of soil ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Comparison between sprinkler irrigation and natural rainfall based on droplet diameter

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaoSheng Ge ◽  
Pute Wu ◽  
Delan Zhu ◽  
Daniel P. Ames
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Actual Field

<p>An indoor experiment was conducted to analyze the movement characteristics of different sized droplets and their influence on water application rate distribution and kinetic energy distribution. Radial droplets emitted from a Nelson D3000 sprinkler nozzle under 66.3, 84.8, and 103.3 kPa were measured in terms of droplet velocity, landing angle, and droplet kinetic energy and results were compared to natural rainfall characteristics. Results indicate that sprinkler irrigation droplet landing velocity for all sizes of droplets is not related to nozzle pressure and the values of landing velocity are very close to that of natural rainfall. The velocity horizontal component increases with radial distance while the velocity vertical component decreases with radial distance. Additionally, landing angle of all droplet sizes decreases with radial distance. The kinetic energy is decomposed into vertical component and horizontal component due to the oblique angles of droplet impact on the surface soil, and this may aggravate soil erosion. Therefore the actual oblique angle of impact should be considered in actual field conditions and measures should be taken for remediation of soil erosion if necessary.</p>

scholarly journals Use of Air-Based Photogrammetry for Soil Erosion Assessment

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Marx L. N. Silva ◽  
Bernardo M. Cândido ◽  
John N. Quinton ◽  
Michael R. James
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Soil Erosion Assessment

Water erosion affects all types of soils around the world at different intensities. However, in the tropics, water-based processes are the most important of the erosion processes and have received much attention in the last decades. Understanding and quantifying the processes involved in each type of water erosion (sheet, rill and gully erosion) is key to developing and managing soil conservation and erosion mitigation strategies. This study aims to investigate the efficiency of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry for soil erosion assessment, as well as to address some gaps in our understanding of the evolution of erosive processes. For the first time, we used a UAV-SfM technique to evaluate the relative contribution of different types of erosion (sheet, rill and gully sidewall) in gully development. This was possible due to the millimetric level of precision of the point clouds produced, which allowed us to evaluate the contribution of laminar erosion as a new component to gullies studies. As a result, it was possible to quantify sediment volumes stored in the channels and lost from the gully system, as well as to determine the main sediment sources. The UAV-SfM proved to be effective for detailed gully monitoring, with the results suggesting that the main source of sediments in the gully was mass movement, followed by rills and sheet erosion. Our findings support the use of UAV-based photogrammetry as a sufficiently precise tool for detecting soil surface change, which can be used to assess water erosion in its various forms. In addition, UAV-SfM has proven to be a very useful technique for monitoring soil erosion over time, especially in hard-to-reach areas.

Corn (Zea mays L.) Stalk Geotextile Net for Soil Erosion Mitigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Cristina S. Decano ◽  
◽  
Vitaliana U. Malamug ◽  
Melissa E. Agulto ◽  
Helen F. Gavino
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Erosion Mitigation

scholarly journals The effect of natural infrastructure on water erosion mitigation in the Andes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerle Vanacker ◽  
Armando Molina ◽  
Miluska Rosas-Barturen ◽  
Vivien Bonnesoeur ◽  
Francisco Román-Dañobeytia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Loss Rates

Abstract. Soil erosion by water is affecting natural and anthropogenic environments through its impacts on water quality and availability, loss of soil nutrients, flood risk, sedimentation in rivers and streams, and damage to civil infrastructure. Sustainable management aims to avoid, reduce and reverse soil erosion and can provide multiple benefits for the environment, population, and livelihoods. We conducted a systematic review of 121 case studies from the Andes to answer the following questions: (1) Which erosion indicators allow us to assess the effectiveness of natural infrastructure? (2) What is the overall impact of working with natural infrastructure on on-site and off-site erosion mitigation? and (3) Which locations and types of studies are needed to fill critical gaps in knowledge and research? Three major categories of natural infrastructure were considered: protective vegetation, soil and water conservation measures, and adaptation measures that regulate the flow and transport of water. From the suite of physical, chemical and biological indicators commonly used in soil erosion research, two indicators were particularly relevant: soil organic carbon (SOC) of topsoil, and soil loss rates at the plot scale. In areas with protective vegetation and/or soil and water conservation measures, the SOC of topsoil is –on average– 1.3 to 2.8 times higher than in areas under traditional agriculture. Soil loss rates in areas with natural infrastructure were reported to be 38 % to 54 % lower than rates measured in untreated croplands. Further research is needed to evaluate whether the reported effectiveness holds during extreme events related to, for example, El Niño–Southern Oscillation.

scholarly journals Application of cellulosic fiber in soil erosion mitigation: Prospect and challenges

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 4474-4522
Author(s):  
M. I. Syakir ◽  
Yazan Al Manasir ◽  
Nurin Syahindah Syasya Nor Ashikin ◽  
Shaiful Yusuff ◽  
Mark Zuknik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Adhesive Interactions

The agricultural industry is one of the main economic contributors in developing countries, especially in tropical regions. Extensive land clearing has led to severe erosion within the watersheds, which increases the vulnerability of water catchments to natural disasters, such as floods. Cellulosic fibers, such as jute, sisal, kenaf, hemp, and coir, are gaining increasing worldwide attention for their potential application in controlling soil erosion, principally due to their remarkable biodegradable and physical properties. Nonetheless, the research on biocomposites in controlling soil erosion is limited compared to the natural fibers. This is perhaps due to poor availability and high cost of biodegradable polymers compared to natural fibers, which are abundant and inexpensive. Poor adhesive interactions between the matrix and natural fibers due to the hydrophilic characteristic of the fibers is another major drawback that limits the development of biocomposites for controlling soil erosion.

Does culture affect soil erosion? Empirical evidence from Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wuepper
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Time Preferences ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Control Function Approach ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract I investigate whether cultural differences explain why some European regions are more effective in mitigating soil erosion than others. Specifically, I consider environmental preferences and beliefs as well as time preferences. For causal identification, I use a control function approach. The estimates suggest that a 1 standard deviation increase in pro-environmental culture increases erosion mitigation by 2–9 percentage points. This has important implications for research and policy making, which I discuss.

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