14C dating and palaeoenvironment of the historic ‘little ice age’ glacier advance of Nigardsbreen Southwest Norway

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Matthews ◽  
John L. Innes ◽  
Christopher J. Caseldine
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Glacier Advance

scholarly journals Glacio-archaeological evidence of warmer climate during the Little Ice Age in the Miyar basin, Lahul Himalaya, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Saini ◽  
Milap Chand Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Deswal ◽  
Iestyn David Barr ◽  
Parvendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Glacier Advance ◽  
Irrigation Practices

Abstract. Impressive glacio-archaeological evidence is described from the Miyar basin, Lahul Himalaya, India. Three ruins, namely Tharang, Phundang and Patam are identified along with evidence for past settlement and rich irrigation practices in the basin. These ruins are located in the end moraine complex of Tharang glacier, just ~ 2–3 km from the present glacier snout. Reconstruction of these ruins was undertaken based on mapping and radiocarbon (14C) dating. The radiocarbon dates (9 samples were dated) indicate that the settlement was occupied between cal AD ~ 1170 and cal AD ~ 1730, thereby encompassing the majority of Little Ice Age period. The settlement’s occupation at ~ 3700 m a.s.l. (whereas present habitation is restricted to areas below ~ 3500 m  a.s.l.) for almost ~ 550 years during the 12th to 17th centuries suggest warmer conditions than today. Moreover, the study finds no evidence to suggest any noticeable glacier advance during this period.

scholarly journals High‐resolution proglacial lake records of pre‐Little Ice Age glacier advance, northeast Greenland

Boreas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Adamson ◽  
Timothy Lane ◽  
Matthew Carney ◽  
Thomas Bishop ◽  
Cathy Delaney
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Proglacial Lake ◽  
Glacier Advance

scholarly journals Neoglacial history of Robson Glacier, British Columbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1153-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Luckman ◽  
M.H. Masiokas ◽  
K. Nicolussi
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Canadian Rockies ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subfossil Wood ◽  
Glacier Advance

As glaciers in the Canadian Rockies recede, glacier forefields continue to yield subfossil wood from sites overridden by these glaciers during the Holocene. Robson Glacier in British Columbia formerly extended below tree line, and recession over the last century has progressively revealed a number of buried forest sites that are providing one of the more complete records of glacier history in the Canadian Rockies during the latter half of the Holocene. The glacier was advancing ca. 5.5 km upvalley of the Little Ice Age terminus ca. 5.26 cal ka BP, at sites ca. 2 km upvalley ca. 4.02 cal ka BP and ca. 3.55 cal ka BP, and 0.5–1 km upvalley between 1140 and 1350 A.D. There is also limited evidence based on detrital wood of an additional period of glacier advance ca. 3.24 cal ka BP. This record is more similar to glacier histories further west in British Columbia than elsewhere in the Rockies and provides the first evidence for a post-Hypsithermal glacier advance at ca. 5.26 cal ka BP in the Rockies. The utilization of the wiggle-matching approach using multiple 14C dates from sample locations determined by dendrochronological analyses enabled the recognition of 14C outliers and an increase in the precision and accuracy of the dating of glacier advances.

Exposure dating of a pronounced glacier advance at the onset of the late-Holocene in the central Tyrolean Alps

The Holocene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1350-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P Moran ◽  
Susan Ivy Ochs ◽  
Marcus Christl ◽  
Hanns Kerschner
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Alpine Valley ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Exposure Dating ◽  
Glacier Advance ◽  
Accumulation Area Ratio

A two-phased moraine system in the high Alpine valley of Lisenser Längental in the Stubai Alps of western Austria is located in an intermediate morphostratigraphic position constrained by ‘Egesen Stadial’ (Younger Dryas) moraines down valley and ‘Little Ice Age’ (‘LIA’) positions (modern times) up valley. The equilibrium line altitude (ELA) was about 50 m lower than during the ‘LIA’ when applying an accumulation area ratio of 0.67. Exposure dating of boulders with 10Be yields a mean age of 3750 ± 330 years for the more extensive outer moraine system and a single age of 3140 ± 280 years for the inner one. The ages correspond well to the ‘Loebben oscillation’, a sequence of multi-decadal to multi-centennial cooling phases at the onset of the late-Holocene, also recognized in other Alpine records. The climatic downturn was severe enough to cause small to medium-sized Alpine glaciers in the central Alps to advance significantly beyond their ‘LIA’ extent, but too short to trigger a similar reaction with large glaciers.

scholarly journals Dendroglaciological Dating of a Little Ice Age Glacial Advance at Moving Glacier, Vancouver Island, British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Smith ◽  
Colin P. Laroque
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Subalpine Forest ◽  
Terminal Moraine ◽  
Glacier Advance ◽  
Glacial Advance

ABSTRACT Dendrochronological investigations at Moving Glacier provide the first calendar-dating of a Little Ice Age glacier advance on Vancouver Island. In 1931, Moving Glacier was within 30 to 50 m of a distinct trimline and terminal moraine marking its maximum Little Ice Age extent. A reconnaissance of the site in 1993 revealed the presence of sheared in situ stumps and detrital trunks inside the 1931 ice limit. Sampling in 1994 showed the site was covered by a mature subalpine forest prior to the glacial advance which overrode the site after 1718 A.D. Following this period of expansion, which saw Moving Glacier expand to its maximum Little Ice Age position after 1818 A.D., the glacier apparently experienced only minimal retreat prior to first being photographed in 1931.

scholarly journals Holocene glacier history of Frank Mackie Glacier, northern British Columbia Coast Mountains

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikki M. St-Hilaire ◽  
Dan J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacier Advance

Frank Mackie Glacier repeatedly advanced across the Bowser River valley in northwestern British Columbia to impound Tide Lake during the Holocene. The most recent infilling of Tide Lake was associated with a late Little Ice Age glacier advance and ended around 1930 when the lake catastrophically drained. Over the last century Frank Mackie Glacier has retreated and down wasted to reveal multiple glaciogenic sedimentary units within the proximal faces of prominent lateral moraines. The units are separated by buried in-situ tree stumps and laterally contiguous wood mats deposited on paleosols. Dendroglaciological and radiocarbon dating of these wood remains show that Frank Mackie Glacier expanded into standing forests at 3710–3300, 2700–2200, 1700–1290, 900–500, and 250–100 cal. years BP. These advances coincide closely in time with the previously established Tide Lake glacier dam chronology and with the Holocene history of other glaciers in the Bowser River watershed. The findings emphasize the likelihood that most glaciers within northwestern British Columbia underwent substantial size and mass balance changes over the last 4000 years, and often spent hundreds of years in advanced positions before retreating.

scholarly journals The ‘Little Ice Age’ in the Himalaya: A review of glacier advance driven by Northern Hemisphere temperature change

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann V Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Early Investigation ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclide Dating ◽  
Glacier Advance ◽  
The Himalaya

Northern Hemisphere cooling between 1400 and 1900 in the Common Era (CE) resulted in the expansion of glaciers during a period known as the ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA). Early investigation of recent advances of Himalayan glaciers assumed that these events were synchronous with LIA advances identified in Europe, based on the appearance and position of moraines and without numerical age control. However, applications of Quaternary dating techniques such as terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating have allowed researchers to determine numerical ages for these young moraines and clarify when glacial maxima occurred. This paper reviews geochronological evidence for the last advance of glaciers in the Himalaya. The 66 ages younger than 2000 years (0–2000 CE) calculated from 138 samples collected from glacial landforms demonstrate that peak moraine building occurred between 1300 and 1600 CE, slightly earlier than the coldest period of Northern Hemisphere air temperatures. The timing of LIA advances varied spatially, likely influenced by variations in topography and meteorology across and along the mountain range. Palaeoclimate proxies indicate cooling air temperatures from 1300 CE leading to a southward shift in the Asian monsoon, increased Westerly winter precipitation and generally wetter conditions across the range around 1400 and 1800 CE. The last advance of glaciers in the Himalaya during a period of variable climate resulted from cold Northern Hemisphere air temperatures and was sustained by increased snowfall as atmospheric circulation reorganised in response to cooling during the LIA.

Holocene Glacier Variations of Blåisen, Hardangerjøkulen, Central Southern Norway

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atle Neshe ◽  
Svein Olaf Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Organic Sediments ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Glacier Advance ◽  
Inland Ice ◽  
Silt Layer

AbstractA 1-m-deep gully section 460 m beyond the maximum Little Ice Age marginal moraines of Blåisen, Hardangerjøkulen, central southern Norway, revealed alternations of minerogenic and organic sediments. The geographical/geological settings of the dated section provides a unique on/off signal of Holocene glacier fluctuations of Blåisen. Lithostratigraphy, sediment characteristics, and radiocarbon dates from the study section indicate one period of glacier (re)advance between the late Preboreal deglaciation of the inland ice sheet and 8660 ± 100 yr B.P. A grey sand layer 56–57 cm below the surface is interpreted to be of fluvial/colluvial origin and is radiocarbon dated to about 7700 yr B.P. At 48 cm below the surface, a bluish-grey sand/silt layer is radiocarbon dated to 7590 ± 12 yr B.P. (6560–6240 B.C.) and interpreted to be glaciofluvial origin. A minor glacier oscillation postdates 1130 ± 70 yr B.P. (810–990 A.D.). The Medieval/Little Ice Age glacier advance of Blåisen beyond its modern extent occurred after 1040 ± 60 yr B.P. (960–1030 A.D.). Calculations of the modern and Little Ice Age equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) on Hardangerjøkulen suggest an ELA depression of ca. 130 m during the Little Ice Age maximum.

Neoglacial Glacier Fluctuations in the Canadian Rockies

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian H. Luckman ◽  
Gerald Holdsworth ◽  
Gerald D. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Canadian Rockies ◽  
Glacier Fluctuations ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
Glacier Advance

AbstractThe Little Ice Age was the most extensive Neoglacial glacier advance in the Canadian Rockies. Evidence of earlier, less-extensive Neoglacial glacier advances is based on wood recovered from several glacier forefields. Wood flushed out of Athabasca Glacier (7550-8230 yr B.P., three dates) and Dome Glacier (6120-6380 yr B.P., two dates) indicates that forests occurred upvalley of present glacier termini during the Hypsithermal. Detrital logs from Peyto (14 dates), Saskatchewan (3 dates), Robson (3 dates), and Yoho (1 date) Glaciers, plus in situ slumps at Peyto and Robson Glaciers, have yielded 14 C dates between 2490 and 3300 yr B.P. (12 dates between 2800 and 2990). This wood is derived from sources at or upvalley from present glacier termini and represents forests overridden by glaciers between ca. 3100 and 2500 yr B.P. (Treeline was higher than present immediately prior to this advance.) This advance, which did not extend beyond the Little Ice Age maximum position, is designated the Peyto Advance and correlated with the Tiedemann Advance in western British Columbia. Earliest Little Ice Age advances at Peyto and Robson Glaciers are dated ca. 800-600 yr B.P. at positions ca. 500 m upvalley from Little Ice Age limits.

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