Calibration of an oscillating nozzle-type rainfall simulator

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 1483-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bofu Yu ◽  
Cyril A. A. Ciesiolka ◽  
Paul Langford
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Nozzle Type

Design and performance of a nozzle-type rainfall simulator for landslide triggering experiments

CATENA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Lora ◽  
Matteo Camporese ◽  
Paolo Salandin
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nozzle Type ◽  
Landslide Triggering

The Wageningen Rainfall Simulator: Set-up and Calibration of an Indoor Nozzle-Type Rainfall Simulator for Soil Erosion Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Lassu ◽  
Manuel Seeger ◽  
Piet Peters ◽  
Saskia D. Keesstra
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Nozzle Type

Technical Note: Evaluation of an Indoor Nozzle-Type Rainfall Simulator

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Birt ◽  
R. A. Persyn ◽  
P. K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Technical Note ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Nozzle Type

scholarly journals A Revisit of Rainfall Simulator as a Potential Tool for Hydrological Research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Gemlack Ngasoh ◽  
Constantine Crown Mbajiorgu ◽  
Matthew Boniface Kamai ◽  
Gideon Onyekachi Okoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Hybrid Simulator ◽  
Potential Tool ◽  
Pressure Nozzle ◽  
Nozzle Type ◽  
Nozzle Spacing

Different means of hydrological data collection have developed and used. However, they are constraint in one way or other. This paper therefore revisited the rainfall simulator as potential tool for hydrological research. The research disclosed that there are three different types of rainfall simulators; drop former simulator, pressure nozzle simulator and hybrid simulator. It can further be classified as indoor model and outdoor. The research also showed that precipitation is the driving force in hydrological studies. Consequently, in the design of rainfall simulator, the following should be taken into consideration: nozzle spacing, pump size, nozzle size, nozzle type, nozzle spacing, plot size and pressure. Meanwhile, intensity, distribution uniformity, kinetic energy, rainfall drop size and rainfall terminal velocity should be noted in its evaluation. Factoring-in the aforementioned design considerations, data collection is made easy without necessarily waiting for the natural rainfall. Since the rainfall can be controlled, the erratic and unpredictable changeability of natural rainfall is eliminated. Emanating from the findings, pressurized rainfall simulator produces rainfall characteristics similar to natural rainfall, which is therefore recommended for laboratory use if natural rainfall-like characteristics is the main target.

Suggestion for the Optimum Operating Methods of Rainfall Simulator through the Analysis of Raindrop’s Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Jin Kwan Kim ◽  
Jae Won Kang ◽  
Gwan Soo Jeong ◽  
Hoon Choi ◽  
Min Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Operating Methods

scholarly journals A rainfall simulator using porous pipes as drop former

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 105101
Author(s):  
Lionel Cottenot ◽  
Pierre Courtemanche ◽  
Amina Nouhou-Bako ◽  
Frédéric Darboux
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Simulator

Estimating storm erosion with a rainfall simulator

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Nolan ◽  
L. J. P. van Vliet ◽  
T. W. Goddard ◽  
T. K. Flesch
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Natural Rainfall

Interpreting soil loss from rainfall simulators is complicated by the uncertain relationship between simulated and natural rainstorms. Our objective was to develop and test a method for estimating soil loss from natural rainfall using a portable rainfall simulator (1 m2 plot size). Soil loss from 12 rainstorms was measured on 144-m2 plots with barley residue in conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and zero tillage (ZT) conditions. A corresponding "simulated" soil loss was calculated by matching the simulator erosivity to each storm's erosivity. High (140 mm h−1) and low (60 mm h−1) simulation intensities were examined. The best agreement between simulated and natural soil loss occurred using the low intensity, after making three adjustments. The first was to compensate for the 38% lower kinetic energy of the simulator compared with natural rain. The second was for the smaller slope length of the simulator plot. The third was to begin calculating simulator erosivity only after runoff began. After these adjustments, the simulated soil loss over all storms was 99% of the natural soil loss for CT, 112% for RT and 95% for ZT. Our results show that rainfall simulators can successfully estimate soil loss from natural rainfall events. Key words: Natural rainfall events, simulated rainfall, erosivity, tillage

Spray Drift and Recovery As Affected by Spray Thickener, Nozzle Type, and Nozzle Pressure

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 0213-0218 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Bode ◽  
B. J. Butler ◽  
C. E. Goering
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drift ◽  
Nozzle Pressure ◽  
Nozzle Type

THE EFFECT OF ANTECEDENT FREEZE-THAW FREQUENCY ON RUNOFF AND SOIL LOSS FROM FROZEN SOIL WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSOIL COMPACTION AND GROUND COVER

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINNELL M. EDWARDS ◽  
J. R. BURNEY
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Freezing Period ◽  
Subsoil Compaction

Three soils from Prince Edward Island (a loam, a fine sandy loam, and a sandy loam) were tested under a laboratory rainfall simulator to examine the effects of frequency of freezing and thawing, winter rye cover, incorporated cereal residue, and subsoil compaction on runoff volume and sediment loss. Wooden soil boxes were subjected to simulated rain (i) at the end of a 10-d freezing period, and (ii) at the end of the 5th 24-h freezing period of a 10-d alternating freeze-thaw cycle (freeze/thaw). Where the soil was continuously frozen for 10 d, there was 178% greater sediment loss and 160% greater runoff than with daily freeze/thaw over the same period, but there was no difference in sediment concentration. Incorporated cereal residue decreased sediment loss to 50% and runoff to 77% of that from bare soil. Winter rye cover decreased sediment loss to 73% of that from bare soil. Simulated soil compaction caused a 45% increase in sediment loss. The loam soil showed 16.5% greater loss of fine sediment fractions <0.075 mm than the fine sandy loam which showed 23.4% greater loss than the sandy loam. Key words: Freeze-thaw, erosion, compaction, winter rye, cereal residue, rainfall simulator, Prince Edward Island soils

A Continuous-Application Rainfall Simulator

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Shelton ◽  
R. D. von Bernuth ◽  
S. P. Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Continuous Application
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