Concentrated solar energy‐driven carbon black catalytic thermal decomposition of methane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Catalytic Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Of Methane

scholarly journals Impact of Carbon Dioxide on the Non-Catalytic Thermal Decomposition of Methane

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Tobias Marquardt ◽  
Sebastian Wendt ◽  
Stephan Kabelac
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Conversion ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
Catalytic Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Of Methane

Economically and ecologically, the thermal decomposition of methane is a promising process for large scale hydrogen production. In this experimental study, the non-catalytic decomposition of methane in the presence of small amounts of carbon dioxide was analyzed. At large scales, natural gas or biomethane are possible feedstocks for the thermal decomposition and can obtain up to 5% carbon dioxide. Gas recycling can increase the amount of secondary components even further. Experiments were conducted in a packed flow reactor at temperatures from 1250 to 1350 K. The residence time and the amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the feed were varied. A methane conversion of up to 55.4% and a carbon dioxide conversion of up to 44.1% were observed. At 1300K the hydrogen yield was 95% for a feed of methane diluted in nitrogen. If carbon dioxide was added to the feed at up to a tenth with regard to the amount of supplied methane, the hydrogen yield was reduced to 85%. Hydrogen in the feed decreases the reaction rate of the methane decomposition and increases the carbon dioxide conversion.

Properties of carbon black produced by the thermal decomposition of methane in the products of premixed flames

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Afroughi ◽  
Farjad Falahati ◽  
Larry W. Kostiuk ◽  
Jason S. Olfert
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Premixed Flames ◽  
Decomposition Of Methane

scholarly journals Waste and Solar Energy: An Eco-Friendly Way for Glass Melting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Isabel Padilla ◽  
Maximina Romero ◽  
José I. Robla ◽  
Aurora López-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Melting ◽  
Glass Network ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
The Aluminum Industry

In this work, concentrated solar energy (CSE) was applied to an energy-intensive process such as the vitrification of waste with the aim of manufacturing glasses. Different types of waste were used as raw materials: a hazardous waste from the aluminum industry as aluminum source; two residues from the food industry (eggshell and mussel shell) and dolomite ore as calcium source; quartz sand was also employed as glass network former. The use of CSE allowed obtaining glasses in the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO system at exposure time as short as 15 min. The raw materials, their mixtures, and the resulting glasses were characterized by means of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. The feasibility of combining a renewable energy, as solar energy and different waste for the manufacture of glasses, would highly contribute to circular economy and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Use of biodegradable colloids and carbon black nanofluids for solar energy applications

AIP Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 055214
Author(s):  
A. Kosinska ◽  
B. V. Balakin ◽  
P. Kosinski
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Energy Applications

Behavior of a Heat-Protective Material Based on Al2O3 and SiO2 Fibers under Exposure to Concentrated Solar Energy Flux

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kh. Suleimanov ◽  
V. G. Babashov ◽  
M. U. Dzhanklich ◽  
V. G. Dyskin ◽  
M. I. Daskovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Protective Material ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Energy Flux

scholarly journals Solid-State Redox Kinetics of CeO2 in Two-Step Solar CH4 Partial Oxidation and Thermochemical CO2 Conversion

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Mahesh Muraleedharan Nair ◽  
Stéphane Abanades
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Redox Kinetics ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Ceria Reduction ◽  
Kinetics Of

The CeO2/CeO2−δ redox system occupies a unique position as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping processes for producing solar fuels, using concentrated solar energy. The two-step thermochemical ceria-based cycle for the production of synthesis gas from methane and solar energy, followed by CO2 splitting, was considered in this work. This topic concerns one of the emerging and most promising processes for the recycling and valorization of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The development of redox-active catalysts with enhanced efficiency for solar thermochemical fuel production and CO2 conversion is a highly demanding and challenging topic. The determination of redox reaction kinetics is crucial for process design and optimization. In this study, the solid-state redox kinetics of CeO2 in the two-step process with CH4 as the reducing agent and CO2 as the oxidizing agent was investigated in an original prototype solar thermogravimetric reactor equipped with a parabolic dish solar concentrator. In particular, the ceria reduction and re-oxidation reactions were carried out under isothermal conditions. Several solid-state kinetic models based on reaction order, nucleation, shrinking core, and diffusion were utilized for deducing the reaction mechanisms. It was observed that both ceria reduction with CH4 and re-oxidation with CO2 were best represented by a 2D nucleation and nuclei growth model under the applied conditions. The kinetic models exhibiting the best agreement with the experimental reaction data were used to estimate the kinetic parameters. The values of apparent activation energies (~80 kJ·mol−1 for reduction and ~10 kJ·mol−1 for re-oxidation) and pre-exponential factors (~2–9 s−1 for reduction and ~123–253 s−1 for re-oxidation) were obtained from the Arrhenius plots.

scholarly journals Carbons Formed in Methane Thermal and Thermocatalytic Decomposition Processes: Properties and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Emmi Välimäki ◽  
Lasse Yli-Varo ◽  
Henrik Romar ◽  
Ulla Lassi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Economy ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decomposition Of Methane ◽  
Thermocatalytic Decomposition

The hydrogen economy will play a key role in future energy systems. Several thermal and catalytic methods for hydrogen production have been presented. In this review, methane thermocatalytic and thermal decomposition into hydrogen gas and solid carbon are considered. These processes, known as the thermal decomposition of methane (TDM) and thermocatalytic decomposition (TCD) of methane, respectively, appear to have the greatest potential for hydrogen production. In particular, the focus is on the different types and properties of carbons formed during the decomposition processes. The applications for carbons are also investigated.

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