A methodology to compare the economic feasibility of fuel cell-, gas turbine- and microturbine-based combined heat and power systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 983-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanel Ann Gibson ◽  
Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi ◽  
Masud Behnia
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Economic Feasibility

scholarly journals Current status of fuel cell based combined heat and power systems for residential sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 312-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harikishan R. Ellamla ◽  
Iain Staffell ◽  
Piotr Bujlo ◽  
Bruno G. Pollet ◽  
Sivakumar Pasupathi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Residential Sector

Exergy Analysis of a Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell, Gas Turbine, Steam Turbine Triple-Cycle Power Plant

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Z. Pass ◽  
Chris F. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle

In an effort to make higher efficiency power systems, several joint fuel cell / combustion-based cycles have been proposed and modeled. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries has recently built such a system with a solid-oxide fuel cell gas turbine plant, and is now working on a variant that includes a bottoming steam cycle. They report their double and triple cycles have LHV efficiencies greater than 52% and 70%, respectively. In order to provide insight into the thermodynamics behind such efficiencies, this study attempts to reverse engineer the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries system from publicly available data. The information learned provides the starting point for a computer model of the triple cycle. An exergy analysis is used to compare the triple cycle to its constituent sub-cycles, in particular the natural gas combined cycle. This analysis provides insights into the benefits of integrating the fuel cell and gas turbine architectures in a manner that improves the overall system performance to previously unseen efficiencies.

Advanced Control for Clusters of SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Valentina Zaccaria ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Target System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Complex Target

The use of model predictive control (MPC) in advanced power systems can be advantageous in controlling highly coupled variables and optimizing system operations. Solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine (SOFC/GT) hybrids are an example where advanced control techniques can be effectively applied. For example, to manage load distribution among several identical generation units characterized by different temperature distributions due to different degradation paths of the fuel cell stacks. When implementing an MPC, a critical aspect is the trade-off between model accuracy and simplicity, the latter related to a fast computational time. In this work, a hybrid physical and numerical approach was used to reduce the number of states necessary to describe such complex target system. The reduced number of states in the model and the simple framework allow real-time performance and potential extension to a wide range of power plants for industrial application, at the expense of accuracy losses, discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Olabi ◽  
Tabbi Wilberforce ◽  
Enas Taha Sayed ◽  
Khaled Elsaid ◽  
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Research Activities

Combined heat and power (CHP) in a single and integrated device is concurrent or synchronized production of many sources of usable power, typically electric, as well as thermal. Integrating combined heat and power systems in today’s energy market will address energy scarcity, global warming, as well as energy-saving problems. This review highlights the system design for fuel cell CHP technologies. Key among the components discussed was the type of fuel cell stack capable of generating the maximum performance of the entire system. The type of fuel processor used was also noted to influence the systemic performance coupled with its longevity. Other components equally discussed was the power electronics. The thermal and water management was also noted to have an effect on the overall efficiency of the system. Carbon dioxide emission reduction, reduction of electricity cost and grid independence, were some notable advantages associated with fueling cell combined heat and power systems. Despite these merits, the high initial capital cost is a key factor impeding its commercialization. It is, therefore, imperative that future research activities are geared towards the development of novel, and cheap, materials for the development of the fuel cell, which will transcend into a total reduction of the entire system. Similarly, robust, systemic designs should equally be an active research direction. Other types of fuel aside, hydrogen should equally be explored. Proper risk assessment strategies and documentation will similarly expand and accelerate the commercialization of this novel technology. Finally, public sensitization of the technology will also make its acceptance and possible competition with existing forms of energy generation feasible. The work, in summary, showed that proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) operated at a lower temperature-oriented cogeneration has good efficiency, and is very reliable. The critical issue pertaining to these systems has to do with the complication associated with water treatment. This implies that the balance of the plant would be significantly affected; likewise, the purity of the gas is crucial in the performance of the system. An alternative to these systems is the PEM fuel cell systems operated at higher temperatures.

Advances in Direct Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh ◽  
Joseph M. Daly ◽  
Zhao-Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
T System

This paper summarizes the recent progress in the development of hybrid power systems based on Direct FuelCell/Turbine® (DFC/T®). The DFC/T system is capable of achieving efficiencies well in excess of state-of-the-art gas turbine combined cycle power plants but in much smaller size plants. The advances include the execution of proof-of-concept tests of a fuel cell stack integrated with a microturbine. The DFC/T design concept has also been extended to include the existing gas turbine technologies as well as more advanced ones. This paper presents the results of successful sub-MW proof-of-concept testing, sub-MW field demonstration plans, and parametric analysis of multi-MW DFC/T power plant cycle.

Electrochemical and Exergetic Modeling of a Combined Heat and Power System Using Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Mini Gas Turbine

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Entropy Generation Rate ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Destruction Rate

In this article, a combined heat and power (CHP) system using a solid oxide fuel cell and mini gas turbine is introduced. Since a fuel cell is the main power generating source in hybrid systems, in this investigation, complete electrochemical and thermal calculations in the fuel cell are carried out in order to obtain more accurate results. An examination of the hybrid system performance indicates that increasing of the working pressure and rate of air flow into the system, cause the cell temperature to reduce, the efficiency and the power generated by the system to diminish, and the entropy generation rate and exergy destruction rate to increase. On the other hand, increasing the flow rate of the incoming fuel, the rise in cell temperature causes the efficiency, generated power, and exergy destruction rate of the system to increase.

System Level Synthesis, Modeling and Roadmapping for Aeronautical SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwen Ma ◽  
Comas Haynes ◽  
Pinakin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cell System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Auxiliary Power

Solid oxide fuel cell /gas turbine (SOFC/GT) hybrid power systems have been recognized as having the potential to operate at unprecedented levels of performance (e.g., 50%+ electrical power generation efficiencies with significantly mitigated greenhouse gas, criteria pollutant and noise emissions). Although the emphasis has been upon land applications, there are aeronautical benefits that may be derived as well. Despite these benefits, there have been limited investigations into the technical merit and feasibility of incorporating these hybrid systems onboard aerovehicles. A feasibility investigation has been performed in conjunction with fuel cell system modeling capabilities to conceptually establish auxiliary power system possibilities as well as the viability technology gaps.

scholarly journals Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycle Power Systems — Status

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Veyo ◽  
Larry A. Shockling ◽  
Jeffrey T. Dederer ◽  
James E. Gillett ◽  
Wayne L. Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Gas Fuel

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a simple electrochemical device that operates at 1000°C, and is capable of converting the chemical energy in natural gas fuel to AC electric power at approximately 45% efficiency (net AC/LHV) when operating in a system at atmospheric pressure. Since the SOFC exhaust gas has a temperature of approximately 850°C, the SOFC generator can be synergistically integrated with a gas turbine (GT) engine-generator by supplanting the turbine combustor and pressurizing the SOFC, thereby enabling the generation of electricity at efficiencies approaching 60% or more. Conceptual design studies have been performed for SOFC/GT power systems employing a number of the small recuperated gas turbine engines that are now entering the marketplace. The first hardware embodiment of a pressurized SOFC/GT power system has been built for Southern California Edison and is scheduled for factory acceptance tests beginning in Fall, 1999 at the Siemens Westinghouse facilities in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The hybrid power cycle, the physical attributes of the hybrid systems, and their performance are presented and discussed.

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