scholarly journals The role of efflux transporters and metabolizing enzymes in brain and peripheral organs to explain drug‐resistant epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Vázquez ◽  
Pietro Fagiolino
Keyword(s):  
Efflux Transporters ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Peripheral Organs ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

The role of targeted gene panel in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 107003
Author(s):  
Chang-Chun Wu ◽  
Meng-Han Tsai ◽  
Yen-Ju Chu ◽  
Wen-Chin Weng ◽  
Pi-Chuan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Panel ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Pediatric Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

Role of P-glycoprotein inhibitors in children with drug-resistant epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Elkhayat ◽  
R. H. Aly ◽  
I. A. Elagouza ◽  
R. H. El-Kabarity ◽  
Y. I. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistant ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Glycoprotein Inhibitors

Role of glyoxalase I gene polymorphisms in late-onset epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 363 ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Tao ◽  
Ligang Si ◽  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Zhonghua MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Glyoxalase I ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
I Gene

The Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Childhood Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
J Helen Cross ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The ketogenic diet has been used for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in childhood for almost 100 years. This aside, it is only over the past decade that renewed interest has led to a further evidence base for efficacy, evaluation of optimal implementation and wider discussion of possible mechanisms of action. Randomised controlled data have now demonstrated the diet to be as effective as any newer anti-epileptic drug (AED) in drug-resistant epilepsy. Implementation can be challenging, and is resource-intensive, but successful use can lead to improved quality of life with most immediate side effects alleviated by dietary manipulation. However, data are still required on the choice of optimal candidates and the role of alternative diets in older children.

scholarly journals Refractory Epilepsy: Mechanisms of Pharmacoresistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Ariel Le ◽  
Makenzie Thomas ◽  
Brady Stallman ◽  
Kathryn Meadows ◽  
Vidya Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Protein Transporters

Refractory or drug-resistant epilepsy is a complex and debilitating disorder that impacts over one-third of people diagnosed with epilepsy. Many studies have suggested a variety of possible hypotheses for drug-resistant epilepsy, including the degeneration of neural networks, alterations of anti-epileptic drug (AED) targets, intrinsic severity/frequency of seizures, and genetic predisposition to pharmacoresistance. However, extensive research suggests that the overexpression of efflux protein transporters in brain tissue is the most viable hypothesis. Specifically, the overexpression of P-glycoproteins (P-gps) at the blood brain barrier proves the most compelling mechanism to discuss further. Studying the mechanisms of these transporters provides critical insight for new ways to combat pharmacoresistance. Thus, this review evaluates the co-administration of P-gp inhibitors with AEDs as a promising, yet relatively unexplored, treatment option for refractory epilepsy. This review specifically considers Tariquidar (TQD) the most promising P-gp inhibitor for refractory epilepsy treatment. This work aims to evaluate the role of P-gp overexpression in refractory epilepsy, consolidate current research about potential treatment options, and identify discrepancies or gaps in the literature related to P-gp inhibitory treatments for refractory epilepsy. It was concluded that, as a result of increased drug efflux processes at the blood brain barrier, overexpression of P-gp is the leading cause of pharmacoresistance. By inhibiting the activity of these proteins with the drug Tariquidar, an effective treatment for refractory epilepsy may become a reality.

Role of Neuromodulation for Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Manjari Tripathi ◽  
Jasmine Parihar ◽  
Mohit Agrawal ◽  
Raghu Samala ◽  
PSarat Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

scholarly journals The Role of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging and Dedicated MRI Protocols in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (Brain Mapping) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Ranji-Burachaloo ◽  
Payam Sarraf ◽  
Elham Rahimian ◽  
Shirin Shakiba ◽  
Nina Javadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Dedicated Mri
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