Treatment of landfill leachates by reverse osmosis

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Slater ◽  
R. C. Ahlert ◽  
C. G. Uchrin
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Landfill Leachates

scholarly journals Use of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the Recovery of Heavy Metals from Landfill Leachates

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kamizela ◽  
Anna Grobelak ◽  
Malgorzata Worwag
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Thiooxidans ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Among the methods used to remove metals and their compounds from landfill leachates with low application costs and high efficiency are bioleaching and biosorption. The most effective bacteria used in the metal removal process are Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of the A. ferrooxidans and A. thiooxidans population in removing heavy metals from landfill leachate. In addition, development opportunities for bacterial population using landfill leachate as growth medium were identified. The substrate for the research was the raw leachate before the reverse osmosis process. In order to increase the efficiency of trace elements removal and recovery from leachate, variable combinations have been used which differ by the addition of sulfuric acid, A. ferrooxidans culture, A. thiooxidans culture, mixed culture containing populations of both bacteria, and elemental sulfur. Based on the research, it was found that the removal of heavy metals from leachate was a selective process. High bioleaching efficiency, from 80% to 90%, was obtained for all metals for which the sample acidification or sulfur addition was used. The simultaneous combination of both these additives turned out to be the most advantageous. The A. thiooxidans culture was the most effective in bioleaching reverse osmosis effluents. For the A. ferrooxidans culture used, much lower efficiencies were obtained, while by contrast, the use of mixed culture of two bacterium species had no significant effect.

scholarly journals Treatment of landfill leachates with biological pretreatments and reverse osmosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1177-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Anna Tałałaj ◽  
Paweł Biedka ◽  
Izabela Bartkowska
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Landfill Leachates

Lime treatment of stabilized leachates

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Renou ◽  
S. Poulain ◽  
J. G. Givaudan ◽  
C. Sahut ◽  
P. Moulin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Inorganic Fraction

Reverse Osmosis is the most widely used method for treating municipal solid waste landfill leachates, since it produces a permeate in compliance with reject requirements. However, the efficiency of this process at the industrial scale is limited mainly because of membrane fouling and the high osmotic pressures involved. Although lime precipitation is traditionally used to eliminate the temporary hardness of water by decarbonation, it has also been shown to be highly efficient in removing humic substances which are known to have strong fouling potential towards membranes. Our objective is to study the lime/leachate physico-chemistry, in order to determine the potential of the lime precipitation as pre-treatment for reverse osmosis. The results show that the lime treatment makes it possible (i) to act efficiently on the inorganic fraction of leachates through a decarbonation mechanism which entails massive precipitation of the carbonates under the form of CaCO3, (ii) to eliminate by co-precipitation the high Molecular Weight (MW) organic macromolecules (>50,000 g.mol−1) such as humic acids, and (iii) to generate a stable residue that can be easily stored at a landfill. The reverse osmosis step will be facilitated through significant reduction of the osmotic pressures and prevention of membrane fouling.

Cellulose Acetate Reverse Osmosis Membrane Structure

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
H. K. Plummer ◽  
E. Eichen ◽  
C. D. Melvin
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

Much of the work reported in the literature on cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes has raised new and important questions with regard to the dense or “active” layer of these membranes. Several thickness values and structures have been attributed to the dense layer. To ensure the correct interpretation of the cellulose acetate structure thirteen different preparative techniques have been used in this investigation. These thirteen methods included various combinations of water substitution, freeze drying, freeze sectioning, fracturing, embedding, and microtomy techniques with both transmission and scanning electron microscope observations.It was observed that several factors can cause a distortion of the structure during sample preparation. The most obvious problem of water removal can cause swelling, shrinking, and folds. Improper removal of embedding materials, when used, can cause a loss of electron image contrast and, or structure which could hinder interpretation.

Performance Study of Some Reverse Osmosis Systems for Removal of Uranium and Total Dissolved Solids in Underground Waters of Punjab State, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-476
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Jaspal Singh ◽  
Barjinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
State Government ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
High Concentrations

Radionuclides (uranium, thorium, radium, radon gas etc.) are found naturally in air, water, soil and rock. Everyday, we ingest and inhale these radionuclides through the air we breathe and through food and water we take. Out of the internal exposure via ingestion of radionuclides, water contributes the major portion. The natural radioactivity of water is due to the activity transfer from bed rock and soils. In our surveys carried out in the past few years, we have observed high concentrations of uranium and total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking waters of some southern parts of Punjab State exceeding the safe limits recommended by national and international agencies. The main drinking water source is the underground water procured from different depths. Due to the highly saline taste, disorders in their digestive systems and other ailments, people are installing reverse osmosis (RO) systems in their houses. Some RO systems have been installed on commercial basis. The state government is also in the process of installing community RO systems at the village level. As high values of uranium are also undesired and may pose health hazards due to radioactivity and toxicity of uranium, we have conducted a survey in the field to study the performance of various RO systems for removal of uranium and TDS. Water samples from about forty RO systems from Faridkot, Mansa, Bathinda and Amritsar districts of Punjab State were collected and analyzed. Our results show that some RO systems are able to remove more than 99% of uranium in the underground waters used for drinking purposes. TDS values are also reduced considerably to the desired levels. So RO systems can be used to avoid the risk of unduly health problems posed by high concentrations of uranium and TDS in drinking water.

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