scholarly journals Solar electricity market in Malaysia: A review of feed-in tariff policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bakhtyar ◽  
O. Saadatian ◽  
M.A. Alghoul ◽  
Y. Ibrahim ◽  
K. Sopian
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Tariff Policy ◽  
Solar Electricity ◽  
Feed In Tariff

scholarly journals Feed-in tariff policy in Hong Kong: Is it efficient?

2021 ◽  
pp. 100056
Author(s):  
Prudence Dato ◽  
Tunç Durmaz ◽  
Aude Pommeret
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Tariff Policy ◽  
Feed In Tariff

scholarly journals Managing Wind Turbine Generators with a Profit Maximized Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7139
Author(s):  
Dominik McInnis ◽  
Massimiliano Capezzali
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feed In Tariff

In Europe, at least 3 GW installed capacity of wind turbine generators (WTG) will fall out of subsidy schemes every year from 2021 onwards. An estimated 50% of this capacity cannot be replaced with new WTG due to commercial and legal restrictions. The remaining options are either to sell the electricity without subsidies on the wholesale electricity market—a novelty for most WTG, as most are receiving a feed-in tariff—or their dismantlement. Since the electricity market fixes the price at the intersection of demand and short run marginal production costs, WTG might struggle to generate enough revenues to cover their costs. This paper proposes an innovative commercialization strategy for WTG after the end of the feed-in tariff, namely a profit-maximized approach that focuses on synergies between revenues and costs when increasing the curtailments of the WTG. The two key elements of this approach are a more flexible and variable cost structure and a central overall optimization process. The paper proves the potential of this new strategy and highlights the necessity of further research for WTG at the end of their lifetime from a technical and commercial perspective, due to the impact on the initial investment decision and best allocation of subsides.

scholarly journals Legal nature of the Power Purchase Agreement at the feed-in-tariff

1970 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Nataliia Nykytchenko ◽  
Katerina Gordienko
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Feed In Tariff

The article analyzes the procedure of buying the electricity according to the feed-in-tariff (FIT) and the model («Typovyi») Power Purchase Agreement, in connection with the introduction of a new electricity market and the order of Renewable producers` business. Specific features of the model Power Purchase Agreement conclusion between Renewable producers and the Guaranteed Buyer are defined. It also analyzed the differences between the model Power Purchase Agreement and the oriental agreement as well as researched a mechanism of investors protection who would invest in the Renewable projects. The authors of the article have made a comparative analysis of the different Power Purchase Agreement`s editions, in particular: actual model agreement form and oriental agreement according to which the Renewable producers are no longer work but the provisions contained therein make it possible to analyze the process and the reasons for adoption of the new one form. Effectiveness of a new electricity market introduction from July 1, 2019 depends on the regulation of the activities for all the market participants. Special operating conditions have been provided for the Renewable electricity producers. In particular, with the introduction of a new market, Renewable electricity producers began to sell electricity to the Guaranteed Buyer, the successor of the SE «Energorynok». However, in order to implement the new procedure of work for the Renewable producers, the Regulator needed to approve certain regulatory acts. With this purpose, in September 2018, the National Commission for State Regulation in the Fields of Energy and Utilities published a draft resolution «On approval of regulatory acts regulating the activity of a guaranteed buyer and purchase of electricity at feed-in-tariff», which contained the form a new model contract for the sale of electricity at feed-in-tariff between a Guaranteed buyer and an entity that produces electricity using alternative energy sources as well as the order of purchase and sale of electricity at FIT. As rightly expected, the approval of these regulations is an important element not only for functioning of the new electricity market, but also for the continued growth of electricity production from renewable energy sources and attracting international investments.

scholarly journals Analysis of Competitiveness and Support Instruments for Heat and Electricity Production from Wood Biomass in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
G. Klavs ◽  
I. Kudrenickis ◽  
A. Kundzina
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feed In Tariff

Analysis of Competitiveness and Support Instruments for Heat and Electricity Production from Wood Biomass in Latvia Utilisation of renewable energy sources is one of the key factors in a search for efficient ways of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and improving the energy supply security. So far, the district heating supply in Latvia has been based on natural gas, with the wood fuel playing a minor role; the same is true for decentralised combined heat-power (CHP) production. The paper describes a method for evaluation of the economic feasibility of heat and electricity production from wood biomass under the competition between different fuel types and taking into account the electricity market. For the simulation, a cost estimation model is applied. The results demonstrate that wood biomass can successfully be utilised for competitive heat production by boiler houses, while for electricity production by CHP utilities it cannot compete on the market (even despite the low prices on wood biomass fuel) unless particular financial support instruments are applied. The authors evaluate the necessary support level and the impact of two main support instruments - the investment subsidies and the feed-in tariff - on the economic viability of wood-fuelled CHP plants, and show that the feed-in tariff could be considered as an instrument strongly affecting the competitiveness of such type CHP. Regarding the feed-in tariff determination, a compromise should be found between the economy-dictated requirement to develop CHP projects concerning capacities above 5 MWel - on the one hand, and the relatively small heat loads in many Latvian towns - on the other.

scholarly journals Impact of Financing Instruments and Strategies on the Wind Power Production Costs: A Case of Lithuania

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
V. Bobinaite ◽  
I. Konstantinaviciute
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Extended Approach ◽  
Investment Subsidy ◽  
Feed In Tariff

Abstract The paper aims at demonstrating the relevance of financing instruments, their terms and financing strategies in relation to the cost of wind power production and the ability of wind power plant (PP) to participate in the electricity market in Lithuania. The extended approach to the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) is applied. The feature of the extended approach lies in considering the lifetime cost and revenue received from the support measures. The research results have substantiated the relevance of financing instruments, their terms and strategies in relation to their impact on the LCOE and competitiveness of wind PP. It has been found that financing of wind PP through the traditional financing instruments (simple shares and bank loans) makes use of venture capital and bonds coming even in the absence of any support. It has been estimated that strategies consisting of different proportions of hard and soft loans, bonds, own and venture capital result in the average LCOE of 5.1–5.7 EURct/kWh (2000 kW), when the expected electricity selling price is 5.4 EURct/kWh. The financing strategies with higher shares of equity could impact by around 6 % higher LCOE compared to the strategies encompassing higher shares of debt. However, seeking to motivate venture capitalists, bond holders or other new financiers entering the wind power sector, support measures (feed-in tariff or investment subsidy) are relevant in case of 250 kW wind PP. It has been estimated that under the unsupported financing strategies, the average LCOE of 250 kW wind PP will be 7.8–8.8 EURct/kWh, but it will reduce by around 50 % if feed-in tariff or 50 % investment subsidy is applied.

Multiple Streams and Power Sector Policy Change: Evidence from the Feed‐in Tariff Policy Process in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-489
Author(s):  
Yugo Tanaka ◽  
Andrew Chapman ◽  
Tetsuo Tezuka ◽  
Shigeki Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Tariff Policy ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Feed In Tariff
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