scholarly journals Mathematical modeling for prilling processes in ammonium nitrate production

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Ozan Gezerman
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Production

scholarly journals Comparative Exergy Analysis of Units for the Porous Ammonium Nitrate Granulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Dmytro Levchenko ◽  
Andrii Manzharov ◽  
Artem Artyukhov ◽  
Nadiya Artyukhova ◽  
Jan Krmela
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Target Parameter ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Nitrate Production

The article deals with the study on the efficiency of units for porous ammonium nitrate production. The ways which increase the effective implementation of energy resources are determined by including the ejector recycling module, heat and mass exchangers that utilize principles of regenerative indirect evaporative cooling, and the sub-atmospheric inverse Brayton cycle. Mixed exergy analysis evaluates all flows of the system contour as those of the same value. The target parameter for determining the efficiency of both systems is the ratio of the unit’s productivity to the exergy expenditures to produce the unit mass of the product. As a result, it is found that the mentioned devices and units enable to increase the efficiency of the basic scheme by 87%.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Nitrate Aerosol Production to Vehicular Emissions in an Urban Street

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjoong J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Street Canyons ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Nitrate Production ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Nitrate Aerosol

This study investigated the sensitivity of nitrate aerosols to vehicular emissions in urban streets using a coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)–chemistry model. Nitrate concentrations were highest at the street surface level following NH3 emissions from vehicles, indicating that ammonium nitrate formation occurs under NH3-limited conditions in street canyons. Sensitivity simulations revealed that the nitrate concentration has no clear relationship with the NOx emission rate, showing nitrate changes of only 2% across among 16 time differences in NOx emissions. NOx emissions show a conflicting effect on nitrate production via decreasing O3 and increasing NO2 concentrations under a volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited regime for O3 production. The sensitivity simulations also show that nitrate aerosol is proportional to vehicular VOC and NH3 emissions in the street canyon. Changes of VOC emissions affect the nitrate aerosol and HNO3 concentrations through changes in the O3 concentration under a VOC-limited regime for O3 production. Nitrate aerosol concentration is influenced by vehicular NH3 emissions, which produce ammonium nitrate effectively under an NH3-limited regime for nitrate production. This research suggests that, when vehicular emissions are dominant in winter, the control of vehicular VOC and NH3 emissions might be a more effective way to degrade PM2.5 problems than the control of NOx.

Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Drying Using Two Industrial Concurrent and Countercurrent Rotary Dryers for Ammonium Nitrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1297-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Abbasfard ◽  
Sattar Ghader ◽  
Hasan Hashemipour Rafsanjani ◽  
Mehdi Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate

Mathematical modeling and simulation of an industrial rotary dryer: A case study of ammonium nitrate plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Abbasfard ◽  
Hasan Hashemipour Rafsanjani ◽  
Sattar Ghader ◽  
Mehdi Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Rotary Dryer

Mathematical modeling of the formation and transport of ammonium nitrate aerosol

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armistead G. Russell ◽  
Gregory J. McRae ◽  
Glen R. Cass
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Aerosol

scholarly journals Overview of the LADCO winter nitrate study: hourly ammonia, nitric acid and PM<sub>2.5</sub> composition at an urban and rural site pair during PM<sub>2.5</sub> episodes in the US Great Lakes region

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 11037-11056 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stanier ◽  
A. Singh ◽  
W. Adamski ◽  
J. Baek ◽  
M. Caughey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Nitrate Production ◽  
The Us

Abstract. An overview of the LADCO (Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium) Winter Nitrate Study (WNS) is presented. Sampling was conducted at ground level at an urban-rural pair of sites during January–March 2009 in eastern Wisconsin, toward the western edge of the US Great Lakes region. Areas surrounding these sites experience multiday episodes of wintertime PM2.5 pollution characterized by high fractions of ammonium nitrate in PM, low wind speeds, and air mass stagnation. Hourly surface monitoring of inorganic gases and aerosols supplemented long-term 24-h aerosol chemistry monitoring at these locations. The urban site (Milwaukee, WI) experienced 13 PM2.5 episodes, defined as periods where the seven-hour moving average PM2.5 concentration exceeded 27 μg m−3 for at least four consecutive hours. The rural site experienced seven episodes by the same metric, and all rural episodes coincided with urban episodes. Episodes were characterized by low pressure systems, shallow/stable boundary layer, light winds, and increased temperature and relative humidity relative to climatological mean conditions. They often occurred in the presence of regional snow cover at temperatures near freezing, when snow melt and sublimation could generate fog and strengthen the boundary layer inversion. Substantial contribution to nitrate production from nighttime chemistry of ozone and NO2 to N2O5 and nitric acid is likely and requires further investigation. Pollutant-specific urban excess during episode and non-episode conditions is presented. The largest remaining uncertainties in the conceptual model of the wintertime episodes are the variability from episode-to-episode in ammonia emissions, the balance of daytime and nighttime nitrate production, the relationship between ammonia controls, NOx controls and ammonium nitrate reductions, and the extent to which snow and fog are causal (either through meteorological or chemical processes) rather than just correlated with episodes because of similar synoptic meteorology.

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