Chemical mutagenesis testing inDrosophila: I. Comparison of positive and negative control data for sex-linked recessive lethal mutations and reciprocal translocations in three laboratories

1984 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Woodruff ◽  
J. M. Mason ◽  
R. Valencia ◽  
S. Zimmering
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Lethal Mutations

scholarly journals HIGH RATES OF OCCURRENCE OF SPONTANEOUS CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-422
Author(s):  
Osamu Yamaguchi ◽  
Ricardo A Cardellino ◽  
Terumi Mukai
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lethal Mutations ◽  
Pericentric Inversions ◽  
Break Points ◽  
Spontaneous Chromosome

ABSTRACT Spontaneous mutations were accumulated for 40 generations in 140 unrelated second chromosomes with the standard gene arrangement. These were extracted from the same population by using the marked inversion technique, and the following findings were obtained: (1) In 42 out of the 140 chromosome lines, chromosome aberrations were detected by examining the salivary gland chromosomes: 40 paracentric and 15 pericentric inversions, 2 reciprocal translocations between the second and the third chromosomes, and 6 transpositions. (2) In 63 out of the 90 originally lethal-free lines, recessive lethal mutations occurred. (3) There were only 3 lines that acquired chromosome aberrations (inversions) with no lethal effects in the homozygous condition. (4) In a comparison of these results with those of the (CH), (PQ), and (RT) chromosomes in which no chromosome aberrations occurred after accumulating mutations for 22058 chromosome·generations (Yamaguchi and Mukai 1974), it was concluded that some of these 140 chromosomes carried a kind of mutator. (5) The frequency of mutator-carrying chromosome lines was estimated to be 0.66 on the basis of the distribution of the break-points on the chromosome lines and the frequency of lines that acquired neither recessive lethal mutations nor chromosome aberrations. Thus, the average number of breaks per mutator-carrying chromosome was estimated to be about 0.19/generation. On the basis of these estimates, the nature of the mutator factor was discussed.

scholarly journals THE INTERCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF MUTATIONS INDUCED IN OOCYTES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MUTAGENS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
H Traut
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Lethal Mutation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mutagenic Treatment ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Lethal Mutations ◽  
X Irradiation

ABSTRACT When females of Drosophila melanogaster are treated with chemical or physical mutagens, not only in one but also in both of the two homologous X chromosomes of a given oocyte, a recessive sex-linked lethal mutation may be induced. A method is described that discriminates between such "single" and "double mutations." A theory is developed to show how a comparison between the expected and the observed frequency of double mutations yields an indication of the intercellular distribution (random or nonrandom) of recessive lethal mutations induced by mutagenic agents in oocytes and, consequently, of the distribution (homogeneous or nonhomogeneous) of those agents.—Three agents were tested: FUdR (12.5, 50.0 and 81.0,μg/ml), mitomycin C (130.0 μg/ml) and X rays (2000 R, 150 kV). After FUdR feeding, no increase in the mutation frequency usually observed in D. melanogaster without mutagenic treatment was obtained (u=0.13%, namely three single mutations among 2332 chromosomes tested). After mitomycin C feeding, 104. single and three double mutations were obtained. All of the 50 mutations observed after X irradiation were single mutations. The results obtained in the mitomycin C and radiation experiments favor the assumption of a random intercellular distribution of recessive lethal mutations induced by these two agents in oocytes of D. melanogaster. Reasons are discussed why for other types of mutagenic agents nonrandom distributions may be observed with our technique.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic and complementation analyses of recessive lethal mutations induced in the X chromosome of Drosophila by three alkylating agents

1974 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Lim ◽  
L. A. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Complementation Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulphonate ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Lethal Mutations

SUMMARYSalivary-gland chromosomes of 54 methyl methanesulphonate- and 50 triethylene melamine-induced X-chromosome recessive lethals in Drosophila melanogaster were analysed. Two of the lethals induced by the mono-functional agent and 11 of those induced by the polyfunctional agent were found to be associated with detectable aberrations. A complementation analysis was also done on 82 ethyl methanesulphonate- and 34 triethylene melamine-induced recessive lethals in the zeste-white region of the X chromosome. The EMS-induced lethals were found to represent lesions affecting only single cistrons. Each of the 14 cistrons in the region known to mutate to a lethal state was represented by mutant alleles, but in widely different frequencies. Seven of the TEM-induced lethals were associated with deletions, only one of which had both breakpoints within the mapped region. Twenty-six of the 27 mutations in which only single cistrons were affected were mapped to 7 of the 14 known loci. One TEM- and two EMS-induced mutations were alleles representing a previously undetected locus in the zeste-white region.

scholarly journals Protective role of methanol extracts of Gentiana asclepiadea L. and G. cruciata L. against genotoxic damage induced by ethyl methanesulfonate

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Matic ◽  
Snezana Stanic ◽  
Slavica Solujic ◽  
Nevena Stankovic ◽  
Milan Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Strong Mutagen ◽  
Gentiana Cruciata

The methanol extracts from the underground and aerial part of the two species of Gentiana genus, Gentiana asclepiadea L. and Gentiana cruciata L. from Serbia, were investigated for their antigenotoxic activity against wellestablished mutagenic agent ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) using the in vivo sexlinked recessive lethal (SLRL) test on Drosophila melanogaster. For this purpose, three days old Canton S males were treated with the potent mutagen EMS in concentration of 0.75 ppm, alone and combined with methanol extracts obtained from underground or aerial part of G. asclepiadea and G. cruciata in concentration of 5%, separately. Although EMS in concentration of 0.75 ppm increased the mutation frequency in all three broods, post-treatments with methanol extracts obtained from the underground and aerial part of G. asclepiadea and G. cruciata in concentration of 5%, respectively, drastically reduced the frequency of sex-linked recessive lethal mutations induced by EMS. Compared to the sucrose, as a negative control, methanol extract obtained from underground part of G. cruciata showed the most potent antigenotoxic activity. Extracts from the underground and aerial part of the two species of Gentiana genus, G. asclepiadea L. and G. cruciata L. from Serbia used in our experiments showed a clear antimutagenic effect, reducing the frequency of mutations induced by a strong mutagen such as EMS.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus De Vriese) Asal Kabupaten Poso Sebagai Alternatif Penurun Kadar Gula Darah

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Anang Wahid M. D. Diah ◽  
Ni Kadek Ana Diani ◽  
Minarni Rama Jura
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sugar Levels

Bioactive compounds contained in red fruit (pandanus conoideus De Vriese) among others are flavonoids and tannins. The compounds are classified as very powerful antioxidants and can inhibit free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration of the red fruit extract from Poso as an alternative for lowering blood sugar levels. The separatin method used was boiling. The animals test were 15 male of mice (Mmus musculus) induced by ethylene diamine tetra acetic (EDTA). The mice were divided randomly into 5 groups with different treatments. The first, the second, and the third treatments were given red fruit extract each with a concentration of 10%, 20% and 30%. The fourth treatment was given glibenclamide suspension as a positive control, and the fifth treatments was given Na-CMC as a negative control. Data were analyzed using a statistical analysis of variance (Anova) test followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the preclinical test of red fruit extract reduced blood sugar levels of mice, and the most effective concentration was 20% as much as 68% (w/v) with significance level a = 0.05.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document