scholarly journals The development and prevalidation of an in vitro mutagenicity assay based on MutaMouse primary hepatocytes, Part II: Assay performance for the identification of mutagenic chemicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Cox ◽  
Edwin P. Zwart ◽  
Mirjam Luijten ◽  
Paul A. White
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Mutagenicity Assay

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of mitochondrial fission factor

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukina Takeichi ◽  
Takashi Miyazawa ◽  
Shohei Sakamoto ◽  
Yuki Hanada ◽  
Lixiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Er Stress ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Mitochondrial Fission ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Specific Deletion

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles continuously undergoing fission and fusion, referred to as mitochondrial dynamics, to adapt to nutritional demands. Evidence suggests that impaired mitochondrial dynamics leads to metabolic abnormalities such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) phenotypes. However, how mitochondrial dynamics are involved in the development of NASH is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the role of mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) in the development of NASH. Methods We created mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of MFF (MffLiKO). MffLiKO mice fed normal chow diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD) were evaluated for metabolic variables and their livers were examined by histological analysis. To elucidate the mechanism of development of NASH, we examined the expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and lipid metabolism, and the secretion of triacylglycerol (TG) using the liver and primary hepatocytes isolated from MffLiKO and control mice. Results MffLiKO mice showed aberrant mitochondrial morphologies with no obvious NASH phenotypes during NCD, while they developed full-blown NASH phenotypes in response to HFD. Expression of genes related to ER stress was markedly upregulated in the liver from MffLiKO mice. In addition, expression of genes related to hepatic TG secretion was downregulated, with reduced hepatic TG secretion in MffLiKO mice in vivo and in primary cultures of MFF-deficient hepatocytes in vitro. Furthermore, thapsigargin-induced ER stress suppressed TG secretion in primary hepatocytes isolated from control mice. Conclusions/interpretation We demonstrated that ablation of MFF in liver provoked ER stress and reduced hepatic TG secretion in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, MffLiKO mice were more susceptible to HFD-induced NASH phenotype than control mice, partly because of ER stress-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes and suppression of TG secretion from hepatocytes. This study provides evidence for the role of mitochondrial fission in the development of NASH. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Lipid and glucose metabolism in hepatocyte cell lines and primary mouse hepatocytes: a comprehensive resource for in vitro studies of hepatic metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (4) ◽  
pp. E578-E589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa R. Nagarajan ◽  
Moumita Paul-Heng ◽  
James R. Krycer ◽  
Daniel J. Fazakerley ◽  
Alexandra F. Sharland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Primary Mouse Hepatocytes ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Mouse Hepatocytes

The liver is a critical tissue for maintaining glucose, fatty acid, and cholesterol homeostasis. Primary hepatocytes represent the gold standard for studying the mechanisms controlling hepatic glucose, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism in vitro. However, access to primary hepatocytes can be limiting, and therefore, other immortalized hepatocyte models are commonly used. Here, we describe substrate metabolism of cultured AML12, IHH, and PH5CH8 cells, hepatocellular carcinoma-derived HepG2s, and primary mouse hepatocytes (PMH) to identify which of these cell lines most accurately phenocopy PMH basal and insulin-stimulated metabolism. Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism in PH5CH8 cells, and to a lesser extent AML12 cells, responded most similarly to PMH. Notably, glucose incorporation in HepG2 cells were 14-fold greater than PMH. The differences in glucose metabolic activity were not explained by differential protein expression of key regulators of these pathways, for example glycogen synthase and glycogen content. In contrast, fatty acid metabolism in IHH cells was the closest to PMHs, yet insulin-responsive fatty acid metabolism in AML12 and HepG2 cells was most similar to PMH. Finally, incorporation of acetate into intracellular-free cholesterol was comparable for all cells to PMH; however, insulin-stimulated glucose conversion into lipids and the incorporation of acetate into intracellular cholesterol esters were strikingly different between PMHs and all tested cell lines. In general, AML12 cells most closely phenocopied PMH in vitro energy metabolism. However, the cell line most representative of PMHs differed depending on the mode of metabolism being investigated, and so careful consideration is needed in model selection.

A characterization of the ZFL cell line and primary hepatocytes as in vitro liver cell models for the zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Eide ◽  
Marte Rusten ◽  
Rune Male ◽  
Knut Helge Midtbø Jensen ◽  
Anders Goksøyr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes

Effect of silibinin on ethanol- or acetaldehyde-induced damge of mouse primary hepatocytes in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 105047
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yu Song ◽  
Rong-Hua Li ◽  
Wei-Wei Liu ◽  
Toshihiko Hayashi ◽  
Kazunori Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hepatocytes

Fabrication of liver-derived extracellular matrix nanofibers and functional evaluation in in vitro culture using primary hepatocytes

Materialia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 518-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Bual ◽  
Haruna Kimura ◽  
Yasuhiro Ikegami ◽  
Nana Shirakigawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Ijima
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes
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