Prenatal exposure to particulate matter and ozone: Bulky DNA adducts, plasma isoprostanes, allele risk variants, and neonate susceptibility in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Maciel‐Ruiz ◽  
Cristina López‐Rivera ◽  
Rogelio Robles‐Morales ◽  
Maria G. Veloz‐Martínez ◽  
Raquel López‐Arellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Bulky Dna Adducts

scholarly journals Formation of semivolatile inorganic aerosols in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area during the MILAGRO campaign

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 13305-13323 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Karydis ◽  
A. P. Tsimpidi ◽  
W. Lei ◽  
L. T. Molina ◽  
S. N. Pandis
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Inorganic Aerosols ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Inorganic Aerosol

Abstract. One of the most challenging tasks for chemical transport models (CTMs) is the prediction of the formation and partitioning of the major semi-volatile inorganic aerosol components (nitrate, chloride, ammonium) between the gas and particulate phases. In this work the PMCAMx-2008 CTM, which includes the recently developed aerosol thermodynamic model ISORROPIA-II, is applied in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area in order to simulate the formation of the major inorganic aerosol components. The main sources of SO2 (such as the Miguel Hidalgo Refinery and the Francisco Perez Rios Power Plant) in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) are located in Tula, resulting in high predicted PM1 (particulate matter with diameter less than 1 μm) sulfate concentrations (over 25 μg m-3) in that area. The average predicted PM1 nitrate concentrations are up to 3 μg m−3 (with maxima up to 11 μg m−3) in and around the urban center, mostly produced from local photochemistry. The presence of calcium coming from the Tolteca area (7 μg m−3) as well as the rest of the mineral cations (1 μg m−3 potassium, 1 μg m−3 magnesium, 2 μg m−3 sodium, and 3 μg m−3 calcium) from the Texcoco Lake resulted in the formation of a significant amount of aerosol nitrate in the coarse mode with concentrations up to 3 μg m−3 over these areas. PM1−10 (particulate matter with diameter between 1 and 10 μm) chloride is also high and its concentration exceeds 2 μg m−3 in Texcoco Lake. PM1 ammonium concentrations peak at the center of Mexico City (2 μg m−3) and the Tula vicinity (2.5 μg m−3). The performance of the model for the major inorganic PM components (sulfate, ammonium, nitrate, chloride, sodium, calcium, and magnesium) is encouraging. At the T0 measurement site, located in the Mexico City urban center, the average measured values of PM1 sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and chloride are 3.5 μg m−3, 3.5 μg m−3, 2.1 μg m−3, and 0.36 μg m−3, respectively. The corresponding predicted values are 3.7 μg m−3, 2.7 μg m−3, 1.7 μg m−3, and 0.25 μg m−3. High sulfate concentrations are associated with the transport of sulfate from the Tula vicinity, while in periods where southerly winds are dominant; the concentrations of sulfate are low. The underprediction of nitrate can be attributed to the underestimation of OH levels by the model during the early morning. Ammonium is sensitive to the predicted sulfate concentrations and the nitrate levels. The performance of the model is also evaluated against measurements taken from a suburban background site (T1) located north of Mexico City. The average predicted PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm) sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, sodium, calcium, and magnesium are 3.3, 3.2, 1.4, 0.5, 0.3, 1.2, and 0.15 μg m−3, respectively. The corresponding measured concentrations are 3.7, 2.9, 1.5, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.15 μg m−3. The overprediction of calcium indicates a possible overestimation of its emissions and affects the partitioning of nitric acid to the aerosol phase resulting occasionally in an overprediction of nitrate. Additional improvements are possible by improving the performance of the model regarding the oxidant levels, and revising the emissions and the chemical composition of the fugitive dust. The hybrid approach in which the mass transfer to the fine aerosol is simulated using the bulk equilibrium assumption and to the remaining aerosol sections using a dynamic approach, is needed in order to accurately simulate the size distribution of the inorganic aerosols. The bulk equilibrium approach fails to reproduce the observed coarse nitrate and overpredicts the fine nitrate. Sensitivity tests indicate that sulfate concentration in Tula decreases by up to 0.5 μg m−3 after a 50% reduction of SO2 emissions while it can increase by up to 0.3 μg m−3 when NOx emissions are reduced by 50%. Nitrate concentration decreases by up to 1 μg m−3 after the 50% reduction of NOx or NH3 emissions. Ammonium concentration decreases by up to 1 μg m−3, 0.3 μg m−3, and 0.1 μg m−3 after the 50% reduction of NH3, NOx, and SO2 emissions, respectively.

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF FINE AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER COLLECTED IN THE MEXICO CITY METROPOLITAN AREA

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ALDAPE ◽  
J. FLORES M.
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Component Scores ◽  
Good Agreement

Samples of fine airborne particulate matter ( PM 2.0) have been collected at three sites located in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during July, August, and September 2000. The elemental concentrations of these samples were determined by PIXE so that twelve elements ( S , Cl , K , Ca , Ti , Mn , Fe , Ni , Cu , Zn , Br and Pb ) were consistently detected. These results produced a database, which was statistically analysed; first by Principal Components so to identify the pollution sources, and, subsequently, by Absolute Principal Component Scores analysis in order to estimate the corresponding source apportionment contributions. Other elements such as V and Cr were also detected in around 20% of the samples and, therefore, they were not considered statistically significant. Thus, these elements, as well as some others found only occasionally and in the trace range, were left out of the discussion. All calculations were performed using a standard statistical package following the method developed by Thurston and Spengler. Four main pollution sources were identified and the source apportionments were found in good agreement with other estimations found in the literature. The results were obtained individually for the three sampling sites, but the complete results are presented for just one of the sites in order to simplify this presentation.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING CONCENTRATIONS OF SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER OVER THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF MEXICO CITY USING SATELLITE AND GEOSPATIAL IMAGERY: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO T. SEPÚLVEDA-HIROSE ◽  
ANA B. CARRERA-AGUILAR ◽  
MAGNOLIA G. MARTINEZ-RIVERA ◽  
PABLO DE J. ANGELES-SALTO ◽  
CARLOS HERRERA-VENTOSA
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Suspended Particulate

scholarly journals Characterization of Fine Particulate Matter (PM) and Secondary PM Precursor Gases in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa T. Molina ◽  
Mario J. Molina ◽  
Rainer Volkamer ◽  
Benjamin de Foy ◽  
Wenfang Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8285
Author(s):  
Patricia Rojas ◽  
Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez ◽  
Camilo Ríos ◽  
Ángel Ruiz-Chow ◽  
Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Herbal Products

The use of the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba has increased worldwide. However, G. biloba is capable of assimilating both essential and toxic metals, and the ingestion of contaminated products can cause damage to health. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in 26 items containing Ginkgo biloba (pharmaceutical herbal products, dietary supplements, and traditional herbal remedies) purchased in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. Metal analysis was performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. All of the products were contaminated with Pb, 54% of them with As, and 81% with Cd. The lowest values of Pb, As, and Cd were detected in pharmaceutical herbal products > dietary supplements > traditional herbal remedies. The daily intake dose (DID) of pharmaceutical herbal products was within the established limits for the five metals. Dietary supplements and traditional herbal remedies exceeded the DID limits for Pb. The hazard quotients estimation and non-carcinogenic cumulative hazard estimation index for Mn, As, and Cd indicated no human health risk. Our results suggest that products containing G. biloba for sale in Mexico are not a health risk.

scholarly journals Association of prenatal Exposure to Fine Particulate matter Pollution with Childhood eczema

Allergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung‐Chieh Yao ◽  
Hsin‐Yi Huang ◽  
Wen‐Chi Pan ◽  
Chao‐Yi Wu ◽  
Shun‐Yu Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Particulate Matter Pollution

scholarly journals Geochemical study of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in a metropolitan area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael L. Schneider ◽  
Elba C. Teixeira ◽  
Guilherme L. Dotto ◽  
Diana ◽  
Cheng-Xue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Geochemical Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document