Response Behavior of Poly(vinyl chloride)- and Polyurethane-Based Ca2+-Selective Membrane Electrodes with Polypyrrole- and Poly(3-octylthiophene)-Mediated Internal Solid Contact

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Sutter ◽  
Ernö Pretsch
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Response Behavior ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Selective Membrane

scholarly journals Potentiometric Carboxylate Sensors Based on Carbazole-Derived Acyclic and Macrocyclic Ionophores

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Ville Yrjänä ◽  
Indrek Saar ◽  
Mihkel Ilisson ◽  
Sandip A. Kadam ◽  
Ivo Leito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Anion Exchanger ◽  
Linear Range ◽  
Ph Sensitivity ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Potentiometric Response ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes with carbazole-derived ionophores were prepared. They were characterized as acetate sensors, but can be used to determine a number of carboxylates. The potentiometric response characteristics (slope, detection limit, selectivity, and pH sensitivity) of sensors prepared with different membrane compositions (ionophore, ionophore concentration, anion exchanger concentration, and plasticizer) were evaluated. The results show that for the macrocyclic ionophores, a larger cavity provided better selectivity. The sensors exhibited modest selectivity for acetate but good selectivity for benzoate. The carbazole-derived ionophores effectively decreased the interference from lipophilic anions, such as bromide, nitrate, iodide, and thiocyanate. The selectivity, detection limit, and linear range were improved by choosing a suitable plasticizer and by reducing the ionophore and anion exchanger concentrations. The influence of the electrode body’s material upon the composition of the plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane, and thus also upon the sensor characteristics, was also studied. The choice of materials for the electrode body significantly affected the characteristics of the sensors.

Ion-selectivity of plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrodes

1986 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solfrid Buøen ◽  
Johannes Dale ◽  
Walter Lund
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

Tetraheptylammonium hydrogen phthalate membrane electrodes for the determination of plasticiser in poly(vinyl chloride)

The Analyst ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing Hong Chan ◽  
Wai Ming Lee ◽  
Chi Wai Wong ◽  
King Sum Lam
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Hydrogen Phthalate ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

scholarly journals Pulsed chronopotentiometric membrane electrodes based on plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) with covalently bound ferrocene functionalities as solid contact transducer

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 2045-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Pawlak ◽  
Ewa Grygolowicz-Pawlak ◽  
Eric Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ion Sensors ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Redox Capacity ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Contact Transducer

Ion-selective membrane materials based on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-containing covalently attached redox-active ferrocene (Fc) groups are characterized here as all-solid-state pulsed voltammetric ion sensors. The redox capacity of the membrane increases 7-fold with a doubling of the Fc content and 3-fold with the addition of 10 wt % of the lipophilic electrolyte ETH 500, tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate. This salt improves the ionic conductivity of the membrane and appears to make the Fc groups electrochemically more accessible. A too high content of the two, on the other hand, was found to cause undesired sensitivity to redox-active species present in the sample solution. Dilution of the membrane with a plasticizer eliminated this redox sensitivity while preserving its high redox capacity. A practical application of the designed electrodes in electrochemical analysis was demonstrated with a multi-pulse protocol that includes a current-controlled ion uptake pulse, followed by an open-circuit potential (OCP) measurement and a regeneration pulse. Potentiometric calibration curves obtained with this protocol exhibited a linear response with near-Nernstian slopes for acetate, nitrate, chloride, and perchlorate ions with the selectivity expected for an ion-exchanging membrane.

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