Cell-Membrane Staining Properties and Photocytotoxicity of a Ruthenium(II) Photosensitizer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Yin Zhang ◽  
Linna Song ◽  
Tianhan Gu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Staining

scholarly journals β-catenin activation is not involved in sporadic parathyroid carcinomas and adenomas

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cetani ◽  
E Pardi ◽  
C Banti ◽  
P Collecchi ◽  
P Viacava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Membrane Staining ◽  
Outer Cell Membrane

Aberrant accumulation of β-catenin has been found in various types of human tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated in parathyroid carcinomas and adenomas. We studied 154 parathyroid tumors (18 carcinomas (13 with distant metastases), six atypical adenomas, and 130 adenomas). Three normal parathyroid tissues were used as control. Direct sequencing of exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene showed absence of stabilizing mutations in all the tumors. Immunostaining of β-catenin was performed in all carcinomas and in 66 adenomas (including three atypical). Normal parathyroid showed a homogeneous distinct outer cell membrane staining in the majority of cells and no nuclear staining. A weak cytoplasmic staining was observed in one case. All tumors showed negative nuclear staining. With the exception of one carcinoma, which had a negative membrane staining, all other samples showed a membrane staining which was similar to that of the normal parathyroid. β-Catenin expression was heterogeneous with a range of positive cells between 5 and 80%, independently of tumor type. Our results suggest that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is not involved in the development of parathyroid carcinomas and adenomas.

scholarly journals Epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in resected pancreatic cancer.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 317-317
Author(s):  
A. Mahipal ◽  
M. J. McDonald ◽  
A. Witkiewicz ◽  
B. I. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Membrane Staining ◽  
Egfr Expression ◽  
Epidermal Growth

317 Background: The effect of overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in pancreatic carcinoma is uncertain. In this study, we examine the association between EGFR overexpression (membrane and cytoplasmic) and histopathologic features and clinical outcomes in patients post resection. Methods: Seventy three patients underwent curative resection for pancreatic cancer from 4/08 to 4/10. Tumor EGFR expression was determined immunohistochemically using EGFR pharmDxTM kit. Cytoplasmic overexpression was considered positive if EGFR expression was seen in the cytoplasm in ≥10% of cells. Cell membrane staining scores were assigned: 0 (no membrane staining), 1+ (incomplete membrane staining in ≥ 10% of cells, 2+ (complete weak/moderate membrane staining in ≥ 10% of cells) and 3+ (complete heavy staining in ≥ 10% of cells). A score of 2+ and 3+ were considered as membrane overexpression. Comparisons between EGFR overexpression and clinicopathologic features were assessed by chi-square test with p-value < 0.05 as statistically significant. Proportional hazard regression was used to estimate progression free survival and overall survival. Results: Out of 73 patients, 43 (59%) and 50 (68%) patients had membrane and cytoplasmic EGFR overexpression respectively. AJCC stages were: stage I: 8, stage II: 63, stage III: 1 and stage IV: 1 patient. There was statistically significant correlation between cell membrane EGFR overexpression and lymph node positivity (p=0.04). Membrane EGFR overexpression was not significantly associated with local invasion, margin positivity, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, histologic grade or stage. Cytoplasmic EFGR overexpression was significantly associated with margin positivity (p=0.01) only. The hazard ratios (95% CI) for PFS and OS in patients with membrane EGFR overexpression was 1.37 (0.72-2.60) and 1.27 (0.62-2.61) respectively. The corresponding values for patients with cytoplasmic overexpression were 1.65 (0.80-3.37) and 1.25 (0.58-2.71) respectively. Conclusions: Membrane EGFR overexpression was associated with lymph node status and cytoplasmic EFGR overexpression with margin positivity. There was no association of EFGR expression and clinical outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals An aryleneethynylene fluorophore for cell membrane staining

2012 ◽  
Vol 1818 (11) ◽  
pp. 2808-2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Cardone ◽  
Francesco Lopez ◽  
Francesco Affortunato ◽  
Giovanni Busco ◽  
Aldebaran M. Hofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Staining

Novel segmentation algorithm for identification of cell membrane staining in HER2 images

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Wdowiak ◽  
Tomasz Markiewicz ◽  
Stanislaw Osowski ◽  
Janusz Patera ◽  
Wojciech Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Segmentation Algorithm ◽  
Membrane Staining

Sarcolemmal permeability changes during early myocardial anoxia

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
L. Landa ◽  
L. Nimmo ◽  
C. M. Bloor
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Enzyme Release ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sarcolemmal Permeability ◽  
Membrane Changes

Following coronary artery occlusion, the myocardial cells lose intracellular enzymes that appear in the serum 3 hrs later. By this time the cells in the ischemic zone have already undergone irreversible changes, and the cell membrane permeability is variably altered in the ischemic cells. At certain stages or intervals the cell membrane changes, allowing release of cytoplasmic enzymes. To correlate the changes in cell membrane permeability with the enzyme release, we used colloidal lanthanum (La+++) as a histological permeability marker in the isolated perfused hearts. The hearts removed from sprague-Dawley rats were perfused with standard Krebs-Henseleit medium gassed with 95% O2 + 5% CO2. The hypoxic medium contained mannitol instead of dextrose and was bubbled with 95% N2 + 5% CO2. The final osmolarity of the medium was 295 M osmol, pH 7. 4.

Flagellar Attachment in Selected Trypanosomes

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
J. J. Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flagellar Pocket ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Free Flagellum ◽  
Flagellar Axoneme

Movement in epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of trypanosomes is accomplished by planar sinusoidal beating of the anteriorly directed flagellum and associated undulating membrane. The flagellum emerges from a bottle-shaped depression, the flagellar pocket, opening on the lateral surface of the cell. The limiting cell membrane envelopes not only the body of the trypanosome but is continuous with and insheathes the flagellar axoneme forming the undulating membrane. In some species a paraxial rod parallels the axoneme from its point of emergence at the flagellar pocket and is an integral component of the undulating membrane. A portion of the flagellum may extend beyond the anterior apex of the cell as a free flagellum; the length is variable in different species of trypanosomes.

Trophoblast Cell Membrane Interactions at Implantation

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 310-311
Author(s):  
A. C. Enders
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Membrane Interactions ◽  
Uterine Epithelial Cells ◽  
Functional Complex ◽  
Cytotrophoblast Cells ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Syncytial Trophoblast

The alteration in membrane relationships seen at implantation include 1) interaction between cytotrophoblast cells to form syncytial trophoblast and addition to the syncytium by subsequent fusion of cytotrophoblast cells, 2) formation of a wide variety of functional complex relationships by trophoblast with uterine epithelial cells in the process of invasion of the endometrium, and 3) in the case of the rabbit, fusion of some uterine epithelial cells with the trophoblast.Formation of syncytium is apparently a membrane fusion phenomenon in which rapid confluence of cytoplasm often results in isolation of residual membrane within masses of syncytial trophoblast. Often the last areas of membrane to disappear are those including a desmosome where the cell membranes are apparently held apart from fusion.

Some Conditions Necessary for Pinocytosis

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
M. W. Brightman
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Cell Processes

The cytological evidence for pinocytosis is the focal infolding of the cell membrane to form surface pits that eventually pinch off and move into the cytoplasm. This activity, which can be inhibited by oxidative and glycolytic poisons, is performed only by cell processes that are at least 300A wide. However, the interpretation of such toxic effects becomes equivocal if the membrane invaginations do not normally lead to the formation of migratory vesicles, as in some endothelia and in smooth muscle. The present study is an attempt to set forth some conditions under which pinocytosis, as distinct from the mere inclusion of material in surface invaginations, can take place.

Electron microscopic radioautographic studies on the incorporation of 3H proline in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in antistreptococcal-cell-membrane (SCM) injected mice

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
R.P. Nayyar ◽  
C.F. Lange ◽  
J. L. Borke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Glomerular Basement Membrane ◽  
Mesangial Matrix ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Group A ◽  
Injection Protocol

Streptococcal cell membrane (SCM) antiserum injected mice show a significant thickening of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and an increase in mesangial matrix within 4 to 24 hours of antiserum administration (1,2,3). This study was undertaken to evaluate the incorporation of 3H proline into glomerular cells and GBM under normal and anti-SCM induced conditions. Mice were administered, intraperitoneally, 0.1 ml of normal or anti-SCM serum followed by a 10 µC/g body weight injection of 3H proline. Details of the preparation of anti-SCM (Group A type 12 streptococcal pyogenes) and other sera and injection protocol have been described elsewhere (2). After 15 minutes of isotope injection a chase of cold proline was given and animal sacrificed at 20 minutes, 1,2,4,8,24 and 48 hours. One of the removed kidneys was processed for immunofluorescence, light and electron microscopic radioautographic studies; second kidney was used for GBM isolation and aminoacid analysis.

High-voltage electron microscopy of patch-clamped membranes

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
F. Sachs ◽  
M. J. Song
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Patch ◽  
Cellular Electrophysiology ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Patch Technique ◽  
Membrane Patch

Cellular electrophysiology has been revolutionized by the introduction of patch clamp techniques. The patch clamp records current from a small patch of the cell membrane which has been sucked into a glass pipette. The membrane patch, a few micons in diameter, is attached to the glass by a seal which is electrically, diffusionally and mechanically tight. Because of the tight electrical seal, the noise level is low enough to record the activity of single ion channels over a time scale extending from 10μs to days. However, although the patch technique is over ten years old, the patch structure is unknown. The patch is inside a glass pipette where it has been impossible to see with standard electron microscopes. We show here that at 1 Mev the glass pipette is transparent and the membrane within can be seen with a resolution of about 30 A.

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