scholarly journals All the small things: How virus‐like particles and liposomes modulate allergic immune responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Kratzer ◽  
Sandra Hofer ◽  
Maja Zabel ◽  
Winfried F. Pickl
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Small Things

scholarly journals Head-to-Head Comparison of Modular Vaccines Developed Using Different Capsid Virus-Like Particle Backbones and Antigen Conjugation Systems

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Laurits Fredsgaard ◽  
Louise Goksøyr ◽  
Susan Thrane ◽  
Kara-Lee Aves ◽  
Thor G. Theander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Major Capsid Protein ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Specific Igg

Capsid virus-like particles (cVLPs) are used as molecular scaffolds to increase the immunogenicity of displayed antigens. Modular platforms have been developed whereby antigens are attached to the surface of pre-assembled cVLPs. However, it remains unknown to what extent the employed cVLP backbone and conjugation system may influence the immune response elicited against the displayed antigen. Here, we performed a head-to-head comparison of antigen-specific IgG responses elicited by modular cVLP-vaccines differing by their employed cVLP backbone or conjugation system, respectively. Covalent antigen conjugation (i.e., employing the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system) resulted in significantly higher antigen-specific IgG titers compared to when using affinity-based conjugation (i.e., using biotin/streptavidin). The cVLP backbone also influenced the antigen-specific IgG response. Specifically, vaccines based on the bacteriophage AP205 cVLP elicited significantly higher antigen-specific IgG compared to corresponding vaccines using the human papillomavirus major capsid protein (HPV L1) cVLP. In addition, the AP205 cVLP platform mediated induction of antigen-specific IgG with a different subclass profile (i.e., higher IgG2a and IgG2b) compared to HPV L1 cVLP. These results demonstrate that the cVLP backbone and conjugation system can individually affect the IgG response elicited against a displayed antigen. These data will aid the understanding and process of tailoring modular cVLP vaccines to achieve improved immune responses.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mucosal Immunization with Virus-Like Particles of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 3615-3623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Moo Kang ◽  
Richard W. Compans
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Cpg Odn ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotides ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Helper Cell Type ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

ABSTRACT Cholera toxin (CT) is the most potent known mucosal adjuvant, but its toxicity precludes its use in humans. Here, in an attempt to develop safe and effective mucosal adjuvants, we compared immune responses to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virus-like particles (VLPs) after intranasal coimmunization with RANTES, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), or CT. Antibody analysis demonstrated that RANTES and CpG ODN had capacities for mucosal adjuvanticity, i.e., for enhancing serum and vaginal antibodies specific to SIV Env, similar to those for CT. RANTES and CpG ODN skewed serum antibodies predominantly to the immunoglobulin G2a isotype. Most importantly, RANTES and CpG ODN were more effective than CT in increasing neutralizing titers of both serum and vaginal antibodies. After intranasal coadministration with VLPs, RANTES or CpG ODN also induced increased levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activities in both spleen and lymph nodes but did not increase the levels of interleukin-4-producing lymphocytes. The results suggest that RANTES and CpG ODN enhance immune responses in a T-helper-cell-type-1 (Th1)-oriented manner and that they can be used as effective mucosal adjuvants for enhancing both humoral and cellular immune responses in the context of VLPs, which are particulate antigens.

scholarly journals Recent Progress on the Versatility of Virus-Like Particles

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciying Qian ◽  
Xinlin Liu ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
Zhiping Wang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Cell Penetration ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multimeric nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins of a virus in the absence of genetic material. Having similar morphology to natural viruses but lacking any pathogenicity or infectivity, VLPs have gradually become a safe substitute for inactivated or attenuated vaccines. VLPs can achieve tissue-specific targeting and complete and effective cell penetration. With highly ordered epitope repeats, VLPs have excellent immunogenicity and can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In addition, as a type of nanocarrier, VLPs can be used to display antigenic epitopes or deliver small molecules. VLPs have thus become powerful tools for vaccinology and biomedical research. This review highlights the versatility of VLPs in antigen presentation, drug delivery, and vaccine technology.

scholarly journals Induction of Long-Term Protective Immune Responses by Influenza H5N1 Virus-Like Particles

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e4667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Moo Kang ◽  
Dae-Goon Yoo ◽  
Aleksandr S. Lipatov ◽  
Jae-Min Song ◽  
C. Todd Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Influenza H5n1

Immunization with virus-like particles of enterovirus 71 elicits potent immune responses and protects mice against lethal challenge

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1855-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Chi Chung ◽  
Mei-Shang Ho ◽  
Jaw-Chin Wu ◽  
Wei-Jheng Chen ◽  
Jen-Huang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Virus Like Particles

scholarly journals Vaccination with dengue virus-like particles induces humoral and cellular immune responses in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Mifang Liang ◽  
Wen Gu ◽  
Chuan Li ◽  
Fang Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune
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