scholarly journals Correction: Frontline: Control of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular pathogen, in the absence of inducible nitric oxide synthase, phagocyte NADPH oxidase, tumor necrosis factor, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4, or the TLR adaptor mole

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
Friederike D. von Loewenich ◽  
Diana G. Scorpio ◽  
Udo Reischl ◽  
J. Stephen Dumler ◽  
Christian Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Phagocyte Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Aktivitas Imunomodulator Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi buah Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) pada Sel RAW 264.7

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Tanti Azizah Sujono ◽  
Ika Trisharyanti Dian Kusumowati ◽  
Rima Munawaroh
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Muntingia Calabura ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

<p>Buah talok (<em>Muntingia</em><em> calabura</em> L) secara empiris telah diketahui mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan, diantaranya adalah sebagai imunomodulator. Namun mekanisme aksinya sebagai imunomodulator belum diketahui secara pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek imunomodulator ekstrak metanolik dan fraksi buah talok pada sel makrofag RAW 264.7. Sel RAW 264.7 diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak metanolik buah talok (EMBT), fraksi heksan buah talok (FHBT), fraksi diklorometana buah talok (FDBT), fraksi etil asetat buah talok (FEABT) serta kelompok kontrol sel (KS), kontrol lipopolisakarida (LPS) dan deksametason. Viabilitas sel diukur dengan metode <em>MTT</em> <em>assay</em> dilanjutkan isolasi RNA, pembuatan cDNA dan PCR. Level ekspresi mRNA dari gen-gen seperti toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), interferon (IFN)-ɣ, interleukin (IL)-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi lipopolisakarida (LPS) dianalisis dengan metode reverse transcription-PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deksametason menghambat ekspresi iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, IFN- ɣ dan NF-kB dibandingkan dengan kontrol sel dan LPS. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa deksametason mempunyai aktivitas antiinflamasi. Ekstrak metanolik (EMBT) dan fraksi buah talok (FHBT, FDBT dan FEABT) menurunkan ekspresi gen iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN- ɣ dan NF-kB jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol sel dan LPS, hal ini menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antiinflamasi. Ekstrak metanolik dan fraksi buah talok mempunyai  aktivitas imunomodulator melalui penghambatan inflamasi dengan menurunkan ekspresi gen iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN- ɣ dan NF-kB pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi LPS. </p>

scholarly journals Alimentary induced fatty liver and adjuvant therapy with effective natural bioactive molecules

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (26) ◽  
pp. 1035-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Hegedüs ◽  
Domokos Gerő ◽  
Zoltán Mihály ◽  
Attila Szijártó ◽  
Tivadar Zelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Changes of redox-homeostasis generate cytokines, and free radicals influence many intracellular signaling pathways in different liver diseases. Liophylised table beet and carrot powder (GPS Powder Kft. 1361/004/2003BFÁÉÉÁ) containing bioactive components such as betaine, betanins, betaxanthins, flavonoids, polyphenols, glutamine, beta carotene, vitamins and folic acid may produce changes various cellular pathways. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the protecting effects of bioactive agents of the liophylised table beet and carrot powder on fatty liver in a “short term” experiment. Method: Male Wistar rats were fed with chow with or without high fat (2% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid, 20% sunflower oil) and treated with 0.1 or 1 g/bwkg/day natural product for ten days parallel with the feedings. Cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels were determined using molecular biologic methods. Free radicals, H-donating activity, reducing power and free SH-group concentrations were determined by luminometry and spectrophotometry. Mobilized methyl groups were assayed by over pressure liquid chromatography method in liver homogenates. Results: It was found that the higher dose of the natural product better decreased the induced free radical reactions, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA-levels both in normal and fatty liver tissues. Although treatments failed to exert significant changes in all global antioxidant parameters, mobilized methyl group concentrations were higher after treatments in fatty liver. Favorable tendencies were also noted in the redox-homeostasis of the fatty liver after treatment. Conclusions: As expected, lyophylised table beet and carrot proved to be a “functional food” in rats with alimentary fat induced fatty liver. It cannot be ruled out that this beneficial effect may have clinical relevance. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1035–1042.

scholarly journals Innate Immune Response to Anaplasma phagocytophilum Contributes to Hepatic Injury

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana G. Scorpio ◽  
Friederike D. von Loewenich ◽  
Heike Göbel ◽  
Christian Bogdan ◽  
J. Stephen Dumler
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Phagocyte Oxidase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT In mice, Anaplasma phagocytophilum control is independent of phagocyte oxidase (phox), inducible NO synthase (NOS2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and MyD88 Toll-like receptor signaling. We show that despite evasion of these host responses, phox, NOS2, TNF, and MyD88 are activated and contribute to inflammation and hepatic injury more than A. phagocytophilum itself.

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