scholarly journals Describing macroecological patterns in microbes: Approaches for comparative analyses of operational taxonomic unit read number distribution with a case study of global oceanic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Nakadai ◽  
Yusuke Okazaki ◽  
Shunsuke Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Number Distribution ◽  
Read Number

Comparative analyses of correlates of Red data book status: a case study using European hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Sullivan ◽  
Francis Gilbert ◽  
Graham Rotheray ◽  
Stevan Croasdale ◽  
Martin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Data Book

COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZE WITHIN AND AMONG SPECIES: RANID FROGS AS A CASE STUDY

Evolution ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2927-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan C. Phillipsen ◽  
W. Chris Funk ◽  
Eric A. Hoffman ◽  
Kirsten J. Monsen ◽  
Michael S. Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Comparative Analyses

scholarly journals Describing macroecological patterns in microbes: Approaches for comparative analyses of operational taxonomic unit read number distribution with a case study of global oceanic bacteria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Nakadai ◽  
Yusuke Okazaki ◽  
Shunsuke Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Species Abundance Distributions ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Read Number ◽  
Commonness And Rarity

AbstractDescribing the variation in commonness and rarity in a community is a fundamental method of evaluating biodiversity. Such patterns have been studied in the context of species abundance distributions (SADs) among macroscopic organisms in numerous communities. Recently, models for analyzing variation in local SAD shapes along environmental gradients have been constructed. The recent development of high-throughput sequencing enables evaluation of commonness and rarity in local communities of microbes using operational taxonomic unit (OTU) read number distributions (ORDs), which are conceptually similar to SADs. However, few studies have explored the variation in local microbial ORD shapes along environmental gradients. Therefore, the similarities and differences between SADs and ORDs are unclear, clouding any universal rules of global biodiversity patterns. We investigated the similarities and differences in ORD shapes vs. SADs, and how well environmental variables explain the variation in ORDs along latitudinal and depth gradients. Herein, we integrate ORDS into recent comparative analysis methods for SAD shape using datasets generated on the Tara Oceans expedition. About 56% of the variance in skewness of ORDs among global oceanic bacterial communities was explained with this method. Moreover, we confirmed that the parameter combination constraints of Weibull distributions were shared by ORDs of bacterial communities and SADs of tree communities, suggesting common long-term limitation processes such as adaptation and community persistence acting on current abundance variation. On the other hand, skewness was significantly greater for bacterial communities than tree communities, and many ecological predictions did not apply to bacterial communities, suggesting differences in the community assembly rules for microbes and macroscopic organisms. Approaches based on ORDs provide opportunities to quantify macroecological patterns of microbes under the same framework as macroscopic organisms.

An emerging “Islandian” sovereignty of non-self-governing islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Prinsen ◽  
Séverine Blaise
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Form ◽  
Global Research

Comparative analyses have found that non-self-governing islands tend to have much better development indicators than sovereign islands. Perhaps unsurprisingly, since 1983 no non-self-governing island has acquired political independence. This paper argues that rather than merely maintaining the status quo with their colonial metropoles, non-self-governing islands are actively creating a new form of sovereignty. This creation of an “Islandian” sovereignty takes place against the backdrop of debates on the relevance of classic Westphalian sovereignty and emerging practices of Indigenous sovereignty. This paper reviews global research on the sovereignty of islands and from this review, develops an analytical framework of five mechanisms that drive the emerging Islandian sovereignty. This framework is tested and illustrated with a case study of the negotiations about sovereignty between New Caledonia and its colonial metropole, France.

scholarly journals Gourmandise in the hierarchy of values: A case study of French and Belgian proverbs and sayings

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-990
Author(s):  
Natalia U. Nelyubova ◽  
Polina S. Syomina ◽  
Vitalija Kazlauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
French Language ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Starting Point

The paremiological stock of a language is an important source of axiological information that helps to identify the features of a culture, peoples mentality, and their worldview. The paper is devoted to the study of gourmandise as a component of the French and Belgian worldviews reflected in the French language paremias. The aim of the research is to determine its place in the hierarchy of values of the native speakers of French and its Belgian variant. The research material includes 202 units obtained from Dictionnaire de proverbes et dictons (121 units) and from Proverbes et dictons de Belgique francophonie (81 units). The research methods include semantic, axiological, quantitative, and comparative analyses. The results of the study indicate that 5,9% of French and 6,6% of Belgian units of the total number presented in the dictionaries are devoted to food and gourmandize, which proves that they occupy an important place in the hierarchy of values in both cultures. More than half of the gastronomic proverbs and sayings have a positive connotation. Some types of food, such as bread, butter, and eggs, are symbolic for both ethnic groups. The analysis of gastronomic realities has revealed similar French and Belgian values (such as wealth, prosperity, happiness, health, pleasure, life) and antivalues (poverty, hunger, misery, disease, death, etc.). The obtained data contribute to the axiological studies of the worldview of the native speakers of various variants of the French language and can serve as a starting point for conducting similar research of other values, including those based on the material of other languages and cultures.

scholarly journals WHEN WORLDS COLLIDE – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ISSUES IMPEDING ADOPTION OF AGILE FOR HARDWARE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3451-3460
Author(s):  
Matthew Peterson ◽  
Joshua Summers
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Hardware Development ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to explore challenges identified for implementation of scrum for hardware development intersect with agile principles found in the literature. A series of comparative analyses are done at the textual level, through logical intersections, and through thematic analysis. It is shown that there are five underlying themes found across two sets of scrum challenges (constraints of physicality and the 13 principles). These five themes include: flexiblity, chunkability, scalability, endurability, and teamability. These five themes further are found related to the defining principles of the agile manifesto. Using this understanding, future efforts will include empirical case study work to determine the impact that these have on application of scrum methods and tools. Additionally, guidelines should be developed to help hardware product engineers in applying scrum.

scholarly journals Case Study of Pollution with Particulate Matter in Selected Locations of Polish Cities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Jasiński ◽  
Marta Galant-Gołębiewska ◽  
Mateusz Nowak ◽  
Monika Ginter ◽  
Paula Kurzawska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Number Distribution ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Pm10 Emission

Despite the introduction of increasingly restrictive regulations, the air quality in Poland is still considered one of the worst in Europe. Two cities (Wroclaw and Cracow) were selected for this study, so they represent a pair of Polish cities with poor air quality, and at the same time are academic cities, popular with tourists. The article focuses on the emission of particulate matter, which is one of the most dangerous components of air pollution. The focus was on particles less than 10 µm in diameter which are most often neglected at measuring stations. We have identified the sources of particulate emissions in selected locations in Wroclaw and Cracow, and then measured particles in terms of their mass and number distribution. It was noted that the PM10 emission values obtained as a result of the measurements were different from the value specified by the Inspectorate of the Environmental Protection in Poland.

scholarly journals Structure of Author’s Concept «Witch» (a Case Study of J. K. Rowling’s Novel «Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire»)

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Mozgacheva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
The Core ◽  
Invariant Features ◽  
Unique Markers ◽  
The Russian Language

This article describes the core structure of one of the most important concepts in the series of novels by J. K. Rowling «Harry Potter», the concept «witch» and its corresponding concept in the Russian language, the concept «ведьма». Both of these concepts are extremely important for the majority of fantasy pieces of literature, they contribute to the authentic worldview. The model of the author’s concept «witch» is conveyed with the help of the analyses of verbalization of the concept in the original text. The invariant features of the concept are identified by comparing the models of traditional and author’s concepts, as well as the unique markers of the author’s concept. The most common transformations and techniques used by translators are highlighted through the comparative analyses of two variants of translation of the same novel. This also shows the ways that were used to verbalize the English concepts in Russian translation.

Case-Based Research on International Negotiation: Approaches and Data Sets

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
International Negotiation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Alternative Routes ◽  
Case Based

AbstractFour case-based research approaches to analysis of data on international negotiation are discussed: the single, analytical case study, the temporal or time-series case study, the focused comparison of a small number of similar cases, and aggregate comparisons of a large number of different cases. The strategies are compared in terms of a number of methodological and substantive features. They are considered as alternative routes to theory development, understood best in relation to each other and best utilized together as part of a multi-method research strategy. The role of frameworks for guiding comparative analyses is discussed in the second part of the article. They are illustrated in conjunction with several multivariate projects involving the coding of variables from a variety of cases. Methods of analysis and findings obtained from these projects are then summarized. These framework-driven comparative analyses are facilitated by the advent of web-based technologies. The new technologies are especially useful for collecting information about cases of negotiation not described in archival publications. The article concludes with challenges that confront the analyst and some gaps that remain to be filled.

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