scholarly journals Volatile organic compounds from leaf litter decomposition alter soil microbial communities and carbon dynamics

Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. McBride ◽  
Mallory Choudoir ◽  
Noah Fierer ◽  
Michael S. Strickland
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Effects of Lime Application and Understory Removal on Soil Microbial Communities in Subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. Plantations

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songze Wan ◽  
Zhanfeng Liu ◽  
Yuanqi Chen ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Qin Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Lime Application

Soil microorganisms play key roles in ecosystems and respond quickly to environmental changes. Liming and/or understory removal are important forest management practices and have been widely applied to planted forests in humid subtropical and tropical regions of the world. However, few studies have explored the impacts of lime application, understory removal, and their interactive effects on soil microbial communities. We conducted a lime application experiment combined with understory removal in a subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. plantation. Responses of soil microbial communities (indicated by phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs), soil physico-chemical properties, and litter decomposition rate to lime and/or understory removal were measured. Lime application significantly decreased both fungal and bacterial PLFAs, causing declines in total PLFAs. Understory removal reduced the fungal PLFAs but had no effect on the bacterial PLFAs, leading to decreases in the total PLFAs and in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs. No interaction between lime application and understory removal on soil microbial community compositions was observed. Changes in soil microbial communities caused by lime application were mainly attributed to increases in soil pH and NO3–-N contents, while changes caused by understory removal were mainly due to the indirect effects on soil microclimate and the decreased soil dissolved carbon contents. Furthermore, both lime application and understory removal significantly reduced the litter decomposition rates, which indicates the lime application and understory removal may impact the microbe-mediated soil ecological process. Our results suggest that lime application may not be suitable for the management of subtropical Eucalyptus plantations. Likewise, understory vegetation helps to maintain soil microbial communities and litter decomposition rate; it should not be removed from Eucalyptus plantations.

Soil microbial communities adapt to genetic variation in leaf litter inputs

Oikos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 1696-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Madritch ◽  
Richard L. Lindroth
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Atmospheric Pollution Interventions in the Environment: Effects on Biotic and Abiotic Factors, Their Monitoring and Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nukshab Zeeshan ◽  
Nabila ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi ◽  
Khurram Naveed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Volatile Organic

Atmosphere is polluted for all living, non-living entities. Concentrations of atmospheric pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) are increasing abruptly due to anthropogenic activities (fossil fuels combustion, industrial activities, and power generation etc.). These pollutants are causing soil (microbial diversity disturbance, soil structure), plants (germination, growth, and biochemistry), and human health (asthma, liver, and lungs disorders to cancers) interventions. All the effects of these pollutants on soil, plants, animals, and microbes needed to be discussed briefly. Different strategies and technologies (HOPES, IOT, TEMPO and TNGAPMS) are used in the world to reduce the pollutant emission at source or when in the atmosphere and also discussed here. All gaseous emissions control mechanisms for major exhaust gases from toxic to less toxic form or environmental friendly form are major concern. Heavy metals present in dust and volatile organic compounds are converted into less toxic forms and their techniques are discussed briefly.

Volatile organic compound fluxes across the soils of a rainforest ecosystem during a simulated drought experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Purser ◽  
Jürgen Kreuzwieser ◽  
Johannes Ingrisch ◽  
Kathiravan Meeran ◽  
Juliana Gil Loaiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Biosphere 2 ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Drought Conditions

<p>Rainforests have important role in global carbon cycle. They act as an important sink for carbon dioxide and are a net source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are emitted predominately from trees. However, the functioning of rainforest ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to changes in climate and extreme weather events such as drought, which are expected to become more frequent as global temperatures rise.</p><p>The forest floor acts as an interface between the biosphere and atmosphere within a forest ecosystem. Both emission (source) and deposition (sink) of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) occur at this interface. Organic matter such as leaf litter in particular is a well characterised source of VOCs which are released through both biotic and abiotic degradation processes. Other emission sources of VOCs include those emitted from roots within the soil and also from soil microbial communities. Typically leaf litter or vegetation is the dominant emission source of VOCs from the forest floor, which has previously been reported to contribute up to 5% of the total ecosystem emission of forests. It is predicted that leaf litter will begin to accumulate on the forest floor as trees become drought stressed increasing the contribution of this source to the atmosphere. However the response of the soils within the rainforest ecosystem under drought conditions is less well understood.</p><p>We investigated changes in the direction of VOC fluxes across the forest floor before, during, and after a 7-week artificial drought as part of the Biosphere 2 Water, Atmosphere, and Life Dynamics campaign (B2 WALD). Initial results from the campaign showed that the forest floor soils act as an important sink for atmospheric concentrations of VOCs such as isoprene. The unique setting of an enclosed ecosystem in Biosphere 2 leads to elevated concentrations of VOCs including monoterpenes in the atmosphere which have allowed for the uptake rates of different VOCs by forest soil to be assessed.</p><p>A dynamic flow through system was used to collect VOC samples from both ambient air and chambers situated on the forest soil at a flow rate of 0.2 L/min for approximately 2 hours onto glass cartridges filled with Tenax®. The samples were analysed using a thermal desorption-Gas chromatrography-Ion Ratio-Mass spectrometry instrument. Fluxes were calculated using the difference between the concentration of monoterpenes in the ambient air and chamber samples. Here we will discuss further the variability in fluxes of monoterpenes across the rainforest floor interface under both ambient and severe drought conditions alongside the environmental drivers that have an impact on this ecosystem process. </p>

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