scholarly journals Metabolic insight into bacterial community assembly across ecosystem boundaries

Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan I. Wisnoski ◽  
Mario E. Muscarella ◽  
Megan L. Larsen ◽  
Ariane L. Peralta ◽  
Jay T. Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Ecosystem Boundaries ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Metabolic insight into bacterial community assembly across ecosystem boundaries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan I. Wisnoski ◽  
Mario E. Muscarella ◽  
Megan L. Larsen ◽  
Ariane L. Peralta ◽  
Jay T. Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Ecosystem Boundaries ◽  
Metabolic Heterogeneity ◽  
Persistence Strategies ◽  
Habitat Boundaries ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThe movement of organisms across habitat boundaries has important consequences for populations, communities, and ecosystems. However, because most species are not well adapted to all habitat types, dispersal into suboptimal habitats could induce physiological changes associated with persistence strategies that influence community assembly. For example, high rates of cross-boundary dispersal are thought to maintain sink populations of terrestrial bacteria in aquatic habitats, but these bacteria may also persist by lowering their metabolic activity, introducing metabolic heterogeneity that buffers the population against niche selection. To differentiate between these assembly processes, we analyzed bacterial composition along a hydrological flow path from terrestrial soils through an aquatic reservoir by sequencing the active and total (active + inactive) portions of the community. When metabolic heterogeneity was ignored, our data were consistent with views that cross-boundary dispersal is important for structuring aquatic bacterial communities. In contrast, we found evidence for strong niche selection when metabolic heterogeneity was explicitly considered, suggesting that, relative to persistence strategies, dispersal may have a weaker effect on aquatic community assembly than previously thought. By accounting for metabolic heterogeneity in complex communities, our findings clarify the roles of local- and regional-scale assembly processes in terrestrial-aquatic meta-ecosystems.

scholarly journals The capacity of wastewater treatment plants drives bacterial community structure and its assembly

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kyung Kim ◽  
Keunje Yoo ◽  
Min Sung Kim ◽  
Il Han ◽  
Minjoo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rrna Gene

Abstract Bacterial communities in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) affect plant functionality through their role in the removal of pollutants from wastewater. Bacterial communities vary extensively based on plant operating conditions and influent characteristics. The capacity of WWTPs can also affect the bacterial community via variations in the organic or nutrient composition of the influent. Despite the importance considering capacity, the characteristics that control bacterial community assembly are largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that bacterial communities in WWTPs in Korea and Vietnam, which differ remarkably in capacity, exhibit unique structures and interactions that are governed mainly by the capacity of WWTPs. Bacterial communities were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and exhibited clear differences between the two regions, with these differences being most pronounced in activated sludge. We found that capacity contributed the most to bacterial interactions and community structure, whereas other factors had less impact. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that microorganisms from high-capacity WWTPs are more interrelated than those from low-capacity WWTPs, which corresponds to the tighter clustering of bacterial communities in Korea. These results will contribute to the understanding of bacterial community assembly in activated sludge processing.

scholarly journals Phyllosphere community assembly and response to drought stress on common tropical and temperate forage grasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily K. Bechtold ◽  
Stephanie Ryan ◽  
Sarah E. Moughan ◽  
Ravi Ranjan ◽  
Klaus Nüsslein
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Bacterial Community Diversity

Grasslands represent a critical ecosystem important for global food production, soil carbon storage, and water regulation. Current intensification and expansion practices add to the degradation of grasslands and dramatically increase greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. Thus, new ways to sustain and improve their productivity are needed. Research efforts focus on the plant-leaf microbiome, or phyllosphere, because its microbial members impact ecosystem function by influencing pathogen resistance, plant hormone production, and nutrient availability through processes including nitrogen fixation. However, little is known about grassland phyllospheres and their response to environmental stress. In this study, globally dominant temperate and tropical forage grass species were grown in a greenhouse under current climate conditions and drought conditions that mimic future climate predictions to understand if (i) plant host taxa influence microbial community assembly, (ii) microbial communities respond to drought stress, and (iii) phyllosphere community changes correlate to changes in plant host traits and stress-response strategies. Community analysis using high resolution sequencing revealed Gammaproteobacteria as the dominant bacterial class, which increased under severe drought stress on both temperate and tropical grasses while overall bacterial community diversity declined. Bacterial community diversity, structure, and response to drought were significantly different between grass species. This community dependence on plant host species correlated with differences in grass species traits, which became more defined under drought stress conditions, suggesting symbiotic evolutionary relationships between plant hosts and their associated microbial community. Further understanding these strategies and the functions microbes provide to plants will help us utilize microbes to promote agricultural and ecosystem productivity in the future.

scholarly journals A theoretical model of temperate phages as mediators of gut microbiome dysbiosis

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Lin ◽  
Henry C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Insight Into

Bacteriophages are the most prominent members of the gut microbiome, outnumbering their bacterial hosts by a factor of 10. Phages are bacteria-specific viruses that are gaining attention as highly influential regulators of the gut bacterial community. Dysregulation of the gut bacterial community contributes to dysbiosis, a microbiome disorder characterized by compositional and functional changes that contribute to disease. A role for phages in gut microbiome dysbiosis is emerging with evidence that the gut phage community is altered in dysbiosis-associated disorders such as colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. Several recent studies have linked successful fecal microbiota transplantation to uptake of the donor’s gut phage community, offering some insight into why some recipients respond to treatment whereas others do not. Here, we review the literature supporting a role for phages in mediating the gut bacterial community, giving special attention to Western diet dysbiosis as a case study to demonstrate a theoretical phage-based mechanism for the establishment and maintenance of dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Bacterial community assembly from cow teat skin to ripened cheeses is influenced by grazing systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Frétin ◽  
Bruno Martin ◽  
Etienne Rifa ◽  
Verdier-Metz Isabelle ◽  
Dominique Pomiès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Grazing Systems

scholarly journals Coupling Bacterial Community Assembly to Microbial Metabolism across Soil Profiles

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Luan ◽  
Chao Liang ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Haotian Wang ◽  
Qinsong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Deterministic Processes ◽  
Stochastic Dispersal ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

ABSTRACT Soil microbial community assembly is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of microbial communities that regulate ecosystem-level functioning. The relative contributions of stochastic and deterministic processes to microbial community assembly remain poorly defined, and major questions exist concerning the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics of microbial community assembly in deep soil. Here, the bacterial community assembly processes were explored across five soil profile depths (up to 80 cm) during a 15-year field experiment involving four fertilization regimes. We found that the bacterial community assembly was initially governed by deterministic selection in topsoil but was progressively structured by increasing stochastic dispersal with depth. The migration rate (m) and β-null deviation pattern supported the hypothesis of a relatively greater influence of dispersal in deep soil, which was correlated with bacterial community assembly by stochastic processes. These changes in the entire community assembly reflected consistent assembly processes of the two most dominant phyla, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. Structural equation modeling showed that soil features (pH and total phosphorus) and bacterial interactions (competition and network complexity) were significantly related to bacterial community assembly in the 0-to-10-cm and 10-to-20-cm layers. Partial Mantel tests, structural equation modeling, and random forest modeling consistently indicated a strong and significant correlation between bacterial community assemblages and SOC dynamics, implying that bacterial assembly processes would potentially suppress SOC metabolism and mineralization when the contributions of stochastic dispersal to communities increased in deeper layers. Our results have important implications for integrating bacterial community assembly processes into the predictions of SOC dynamics. IMPORTANCE We have provided a framework to better understand the mechanisms governing the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes and to integrate the shifts in community assembly processes with microbial carbon metabolism. Our study reinforced that environmental filtering and bacterial cooccurrence patterns influence the stochastic/deterministic continuum of soil bacterial community assembly and that stochasticity may act through deeper soil layers to influence carbon metabolism. Delineating theoretically the potential linkages between community assembly and SOC dynamics across a broad range of microbial systems represents an interesting topic for future research.

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