scholarly journals Ecological filtering in scrub fragments restructures the taxonomic and functional composition of native bee assemblages

Ecology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. e02654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keng‐Lou James Hung ◽  
John S. Ascher ◽  
Jessica A. Davids ◽  
David A. Holway
Keyword(s):  
Functional Composition ◽  
Ecological Filtering ◽  
Native Bee

scholarly journals Nesting, Sex Ratio and Natural Enemies of the Giant Resin Bee in Relation to Native Species in Europe

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Sara Straffon Díaz ◽  
Luca Carisio ◽  
Aulo Manino ◽  
Paolo Biella ◽  
Marco Porporato
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
North Western

Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853) is the first exotic bee species in Europe. Its remarkably fast expansion across this continent is leading to a growing concern on the extent of negative impacts to the native fauna. To evaluate the interactions of exotic bees with local wild bees, we set up trap nests for above-ground nesting bees on a semi-urban area of north-western Italy. We aimed to investigate the interaction in artificial traps between the exotic and native wild bees and to assess offspring traits accounting for exotic bee fitness: progeny sex ratio and incidence of natural enemies. We found that the tunnels occupied by exotic bees were already cohabited by O. cornuta, and thus the cells of later nesting alien bees may block the native bee emergence for the next year. The progeny sex ratio of M. sculpturalis was strongly unbalanced toward males, indicating a temporary adverse population trend in the local invaded area. In addition, we documented the presence of three native natural enemies affecting the brood of the exotic bee. Our results bring out new insights on how the M. sculpturalis indirectly competes with native species and on its performance in new locations.

scholarly journals Joint Impacts of Drought and Habitat Fragmentation on Native Bee Assemblages in a California Biodiversity Hotspot

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Keng-Lou James Hung ◽  
Sara S. Sandoval ◽  
John S. Ascher ◽  
David A. Holway
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Fragmented Habitat ◽  
Native Bee

Global climate change is causing more frequent and severe droughts, which could have serious repercussions for the maintenance of biodiversity. Here, we compare native bee assemblages collected via bowl traps before and after a severe drought event in 2014 in San Diego, California, and examine the relative magnitude of impacts from drought in fragmented habitat patches versus unfragmented natural reserves. Bee richness and diversity were higher in assemblages surveyed before the drought compared to those surveyed after the drought. However, bees belonging to the Lasioglossum subgenus Dialictus increased in abundance after the drought, driving increased representation by small-bodied, primitively eusocial, and generalist bees in post-drought assemblages. Conversely, among non-Dialictus bees, post-drought years were associated with decreased abundance and reduced representation by eusocial species. Drought effects were consistently greater in reserves, which supported more bee species, than in fragments, suggesting that fragmentation either had redundant impacts with drought, or ameliorated effects of drought by enhancing bees’ access to floral resources in irrigated urban environments. Shifts in assemblage composition associated with drought were three times greater compared to those associated with habitat fragmentation, highlighting the importance of understanding the impacts of large-scale climatic events relative to those associated with land use change.

scholarly journals The Assembly of Ecological Communities Inferred from Taxonomic and Functional Composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 177 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Sokol ◽  
E. F. Benfield ◽  
Lisa K. Belden ◽  
H. Maurice Valett
Keyword(s):  
Functional Composition ◽  
Ecological Communities

Functional composition, but not richness, affected the performance of sessile suspension-feeding assemblages

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Valdivia ◽  
Kate L. de la Haye ◽  
Stuart R. Jenkins ◽  
Susan A. Kimmance ◽  
Richard C. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Feeding Assemblages

Ecological filtering and exaptation in the evolution of marine snakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gearty ◽  
Elsie Carrillo ◽  
Jonathan L Payne
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Filtering
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