scholarly journals Moisture availability limits subalpine tree establishment

Ecology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Andrus ◽  
Brian J. Harvey ◽  
Kyle C. Rodman ◽  
Sarah J. Hart ◽  
Thomas T. Veblen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Establishment ◽  
Moisture Availability

Extension and Longitudinal Growth During the Development of Red Pine Root Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. F. Fayle
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Longitudinal Growth ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
Below Ground

Extension of the root system and stem during the first 30 years of growth of plantation-grown red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) on four sites was deduced by root and stem analyses. Maximum rooting depth was reached in the first decade and maximum horizontal extension of roots was virtually complete between years 15 and 20. The main horizontal roots of red pine seldom exceed 11 m in length. Elongation of vertical and horizontal roots was examined in relation to moisture availability and some physical soil conditions. The changing relations within the tree in lineal dimensions and annual elongation of the roots and stem are illustrated. The development of intertree competition above and below ground is considered.

scholarly journals Tropical Atlantic moisture availability and precipitation over West Africa: Application to DEMETER hindcasts

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Rogel ◽  
Yves M. Tourre ◽  
Vincent Benoit ◽  
Lionel Jarlan
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Moisture Availability

scholarly journals Northern Hemisphere control of deglacial vegetation changes in the Rufiji uplands (Tanzania)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bouimetarhan ◽  
L. Dupont ◽  
H. Kuhlmann ◽  
J. Pätzold ◽  
M. Prange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Coastal Dynamics ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
The Last Deglaciation

Abstract. In tropical eastern Africa, vegetation distribution is largely controlled by regional hydrology, which has varied over the past 20 000 years. Therefore, accurate reconstructions of past vegetation and hydrological changes are crucial for a better understanding of climate variability in the tropical southeastern African region. We present high-resolution pollen records from a marine sediment core recovered offshore of the Rufiji River delta. Our data document significant shifts in pollen assemblages during the last deglaciation, identifying, through changes in both upland and lowland vegetation, specific responses of plant communities to atmospheric (precipitation) and coastal (coastal dynamics and sea-level changes) alterations. Specifically, arid conditions reflected by a maximum pollen representation of dry and open vegetation occurred during the Northern Hemisphere cold Heinrich event 1 (H1), suggesting that the expansion of drier upland vegetation was synchronous with cold Northern Hemisphere conditions. This arid period is followed by an interval in which forest and humid woodlands expanded, indicating a hydrologic shift towards more humid conditions. Droughts during H1 and the shift to humid conditions around 14.8 kyr BP in the uplands are consistent with latitudinal shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) driven by high-latitude Northern Hemisphere climatic fluctuations. Additionally, our results show that the lowland vegetation, consisting of well-developed salt marshes and mangroves in a successional pattern typical for vegetation occurring in intertidal habitats, has responded mainly to local coastal dynamics related to marine inundation frequencies and soil salinity in the Rufiji Delta as well as to the local moisture availability. Lowland vegetation shows a substantial expansion of mangrove trees after ~ 14.8 kyr BP, suggesting an increased moisture availability and river runoff in the coastal area. The results of this study highlight the decoupled climatic and environmental processes to which the vegetation in the uplands and the Rufiji Delta has responded during the last deglaciation.

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