scholarly journals Soil enzymes illustrate the effects of alder nitrogen fixation on soil carbon processes in arctic and boreal ecosystems

Ecosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin B. Heslop ◽  
Roger W. Ruess ◽  
Knut Kielland ◽  
M. Syndonia Bret‐Harte
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Boreal Ecosystems

scholarly journals Annual Removal of Aboveground Plant Biomass Alters Soil Microbial Responses to Warming

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xue ◽  
Mengting M. Yuan ◽  
Jianping Xie ◽  
Dejun Li ◽  
Yujia Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Recalcitrant Carbon ◽  
Microbial Responses

ABSTRACT Clipping (i.e., harvesting aboveground plant biomass) is common in agriculture and for bioenergy production. However, microbial responses to clipping in the context of climate warming are poorly understood. We investigated the interactive effects of grassland warming and clipping on soil properties and plant and microbial communities, in particular, on microbial functional genes. Clipping alone did not change the plant biomass production, but warming and clipping combined increased the C 4 peak biomass by 47% and belowground net primary production by 110%. Clipping alone and in combination with warming decreased the soil carbon input from litter by 81% and 75%, respectively. With less carbon input, the abundances of genes involved in degrading relatively recalcitrant carbon increased by 38% to 137% in response to either clipping or the combined treatment, which could weaken long-term soil carbon stability and trigger positive feedback with respect to warming. Clipping alone also increased the abundance of genes for nitrogen fixation, mineralization, and denitrification by 32% to 39%. Such potentially stimulated nitrogen fixation could help compensate for the 20% decline in soil ammonium levels caused by clipping alone and could contribute to unchanged plant biomass levels. Moreover, clipping tended to interact antagonistically with warming, especially with respect to effects on nitrogen cycling genes, demonstrating that single-factor studies cannot predict multifactorial changes. These results revealed that clipping alone or in combination with warming altered soil and plant properties as well as the abundance and structure of soil microbial functional genes. Aboveground biomass removal for biofuel production needs to be reconsidered, as the long-term soil carbon stability may be weakened. IMPORTANCE Global change involves simultaneous alterations, including those caused by climate warming and land management practices (e.g., clipping). Data on the interactive effects of warming and clipping on ecosystems remain elusive, particularly in microbial ecology. This study found that clipping alters microbial responses to warming and demonstrated the effects of antagonistic interactions between clipping and warming on microbial functional genes. Clipping alone or combined with warming enriched genes degrading relatively recalcitrant carbon, likely reflecting the decreased quantity of soil carbon input from litter, which could weaken long-term soil C stability and trigger positive warming feedback. These results have important implications in assessing and predicting the consequences of global climate change and indicate that the removal of aboveground biomass for biofuel production may need to be reconsidered.

Molybdenum and phosphorus limitation of moss-associated nitrogen fixation in boreal ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Rousk ◽  
Jefferson Degboe ◽  
Anders Michelsen ◽  
Robert Bradley ◽  
Jean-Philippe Bellenger
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Boreal Ecosystems

scholarly journals Evaluation of simulated soil carbon dynamics in Arctic-Boreal ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 025005 ◽  
Author(s):  
D N Huntzinger ◽  
K Schaefer ◽  
C Schwalm ◽  
J B Fisher ◽  
D Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Boreal Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Carbon Dynamics
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