scholarly journals Occupied and abandoned structures from ecosystem engineering differentially facilitate stream community colonization

Ecosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Tumolo ◽  
Lindsey K. Albertson ◽  
Wyatt F. Cross ◽  
Melinda D. Daniels ◽  
Leonard S. Sklar
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Stream Community

An Experimental Analysis of Biological Factors Contributing to Stream Community Structure

Ecology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1283-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Peckarsky ◽  
Stanley I. Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Stream Community

Patterns of Evolution of the Ediacaran Soft-Bodied Biota

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Grazhdankin
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Inner Shelf ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Burrowing Activity ◽  
Ecological Associations ◽  
Channel Systems

When each of the Avalon-, Ediacara-, and Nama-type fossil assemblages are tracked through geological time, there appear to be changes in species composition and diversity, almost synchronized between different sedimentary environments, allowing a subdivision of the late Ediacaran into the Redkinian, Belomorian and Kotlinian geological time intervals. The Redkinian (580–559 Ma) is characterized by first appearance of both eumetazoan traces and macroscopic organisms (frondomorphs and vendobionts) in a form of Avalon-type communities in the inner shelf environment, whereas coeval Ediacara-type communities remained depauperate. The Belomorian (559–550 Ma) is marked by the advent of eumetazoan burrowing activity in the inner shelf, diversification of frondomorphs, migration of vendobionts from the inner shelf into higher energy environments, and appearance of tribrachiomorphs and bilateralomorphs. Ediacaran organisms formed distinctive ecological associations that coexisted in the low-energy inner shelf (Avalon-type communities), in the wave- and current-agitated shoreface (Ediacara-type communities), and in the high-energy distributary systems (Nama-type communities). The Kotlinian (550–540 Ma) witnessed an expansion of the burrowing activity into wave- and current-agitated shoreface, disappearance of vendobionts, tribrachiomorphs and bilateralomorphs in wave- and current-agitated shoreface, together with a drop in frondomorph diversity. High-energy distributary channel systems of prodeltas served as refugia for Nama-type communities that survived until the end of the Ediacaran and disappeared when the burrowing activity reached high-energy environments. This pattern is interpreted as an expression of ecosystem engineering by eumetazoans, with the Ediacaran organisms being progressively outcompeted by bilaterians.

scholarly journals Landscape heterogeneity and the biodiversity of Arctic stream communities: a habitat template analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1905-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D Huryn ◽  
Karie A Slavik ◽  
Rex L Lowe ◽  
Stephanie M Parker ◽  
Dennis S Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Functional Feeding Groups ◽  
Mountain Glacier ◽  
Stream Communities ◽  
Stream Community ◽  
Arctic Alaska ◽  
Template Analysis ◽  
Habitat Template ◽  
And Function

We predicted that substratum freezing and instability are major determinants of the variability of stream community structure in Arctic Alaska. Their effects were conceptualized as a two-dimensional habitat template that was assessed using a natural experiment based on five stream types (mountain-spring, tundra-spring, tundra, mountain, glacier). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) indicated distinct macroinvertebrate assemblages for each stream type. The contribution of functional feeding groups to assemblage biomass varied systematically among stream types, indicating that structure and function are linked. Assemblage position within a DCA biplot was used to assess factors controlling its structure. Springs separated from other stream types along a gradient of nutrient concentration and freezing probability. Glacier and mountain streams separated from springs and tundra streams along a gradient of substratum instability and freezing probability. Owing to differences in sources of discharge to streams, the effects of nutrients and substratum stability could not be separated from freezing. Although many factors likely contribute to the variability of Arctic stream communities, the major determinants may be conceptualized as a template structured by gradients in (i) nutrient supply and substratum freezing and (ii) substratum instability and substratum freezing. This template provides a basis for predicting the response of Arctic stream communities to climate change.

scholarly journals Manipulation of host behaviour by parasites: ecosystem engineering in the intertidal zone?

1998 ◽  
Vol 265 (1401) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas ◽  
F. Renaud ◽  
T. de Meeûs ◽  
R. Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Host Behaviour

scholarly journals Avian ecosystem functions are influenced by small mammal ecosystem engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Root-Bernstein ◽  
Andres Fierro ◽  
Juan Armesto ◽  
Luis A Ebensperger
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Ecosystem Functions

scholarly journals Biogeomorphic feedbacks and the ecosystem engineering of recently deglaciated terrain

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R Miller ◽  
Stuart N Lane
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors

Matthews’ 1992 geoecological model of vegetation succession within glacial forefields describes how following deglaciation the landscape evolves over time as the result of both biotic and abiotic factors, with the importance of each depending on the level of environmental stress within the system. We focus in this paper on how new understandings of abiotic factors and the potential for biogeomorphic feedbacks between abiotic and biotic factors makes further development of this model important. Disturbance and water dynamics are two abiotic factors that have been shown to create stress gradients that can drive early ecosystem succession. The subsequent establishment of microbial communities and vegetation can then result in biogeomorphic feedbacks via ecosystem engineering that influence the role of disturbance and water dynamics within the system. Microbes can act as ecosystem engineers by supplying nutrients (via remineralization of organic matter and nitrogen fixation), enhancing soil development, either decreasing (encouraging weathering) or increasing (binding sediment grains) geomorphic stability, and helping retain soil moisture. Vegetation can act as an ecosystem engineer by fixing nitrogen, enhancing soil development, modifying microbial community structure, creating seed banks, and increasing geomorphic stability. The feedbacks between vegetation and water dynamics in glacial forefields are still poorly studied. We propose a synthesized model of ecosystem succession within glacial forefields that combines Matthews’ initial geoecological model and Corenblit's model to illustrate how gradients in environmental stress combined with successional time drive the balance between abiotic and biotic factors and ultimately determine the successional stage and potential for biogeomorphic feedbacks.

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