scholarly journals Nitrogen-induced terrestrial eutrophication: cascading effects and impacts on ecosystem services

Ecosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e01877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Clark ◽  
Michael D. Bell ◽  
James W. Boyd ◽  
Jana E. Compton ◽  
Eric A. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Terrestrial Eutrophication

scholarly journals Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibault Datry ◽  
Daniel Allen ◽  
Roger Argelich ◽  
Jose Barquin ◽  
Nuria Bonada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
The Usa

River networks are among Earth’s most threatened hot-spots of biodiversity and provide key ecosystem services (e.g., supply drinking water and food, climate regulation) essential to sustaining human well-being. Climate change and increased human water use are causing more rivers and streams to dry, with devastating impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Currently, more than a half of the global river networks consist of drying channels, and these are expanding dramatically. However, drying river networks (DRNs) have received little attention from scientists and policy makers, and the public is unaware of their importance. Consequently, there is no effective integrated biodiversity conservation or ecosystem management strategy of DRNs. A multidisciplinary team of 25 experts from 11 countries in Europe, South America, China and the USA will build on EU efforts to assess the cascading effects of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystem functions and ecosystem services of DRNs through changes in flow regimes and water use. DRYvER (DRYing riVER networks) will gather and upscale empirical and modelling data from nine focal DRNs (case studies) in Europe (EU) and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) to develop a meta-system framework applicable to Europe and worldwide. It will also generate crucial knowledge-based strategies, tools and guidelines for economically-efficient adaptive management of DRNs. Working closely with stakeholders and end-users, DRYvER will co-develop strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts in DRNs, integrating hydrological, ecological (including nature-based solutions), socio-economic and policy perspectives. The end results of DRYvER will contribute to reaching the objectives of the Paris Agreement and placing Europe at the forefront of research on climate change.

scholarly journals Impact of Ocean Acidification on Ecosystem Functioning and Services in Habitat-Forming Species and Marine Ecosystems

Ecosystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Zunino ◽  
Simone Libralato ◽  
Donata Melaku Canu ◽  
Giulia Prato ◽  
Cosimo Solidoro
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Ecosystem Development ◽  
Cascading Effects

AbstractOcean acidification (OA) is expected to impact habitat-forming species (HFS), with cascading effects on the whole marine ecosystem and related services that are seldom quantified. Here, the changes in HFSs biomass due to OA are modeled using a food web ecosystem model, and the trophic and non-trophic cascading effects on the marine community are investigated. The food web model represents a well-studied coastal marine protected area in the NW Mediterranean Sea where coralligenous reefs and Posidonia oceanica meadows constitute important HFS. The model is used to implement 5 scenarios of habitat degradation, that is, reduction of HFS biomass, induced by increasing OA and to quantify the potential changes in ecosystem properties and indicators of ecosystem services over the next 100 years. The changes in ecosystem indicators highlight a decrease in the size of the system and a reorganization of energy flows suggesting a high degree of ecosystem development. All the proxies for ecosystem services show significant decreases in their values. Although representing only a portion of the possible impacts of OA, the findings are consistent with the idea that ecological systems can react to OA effects to maintain the level of ecosystem development, but the new organization might not be optimal from an anthropocentric viewpoint.

Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities

2007 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
JI Sonnenholzner ◽  
LB Ladah ◽  
KD Lafferty
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Reef Communities

The Methow Beaver Project: the Challenges of an Ecosystem Services Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Philip Brick ◽  
Kent Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Natural Resource Policy ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Climate Conditions

This case explores the Methow Beaver Project (MBP), an ambitious experiment to restore beaver (Castor canadensis) to a high mountain watershed in Washington State, USA. The Pacific Northwest is already experiencing weather regimes consistent with longer term climate projections, which predict longer and drier summers and stronger and wetter winter storms. Ironically, this combination makes imperative more water storage in one of the most heavily dammed regions in the nation. Although the positive role that beaver can play in watershed enhancement has been well known for decades, no project has previously attempted to re-introduce beaver on a watershed scale with a rigorous monitoring protocol designed to document improved water storage and temperature conditions needed for human uses and aquatic species. While the MBP has demonstrated that beaver can be re-introduced on a watershed scale, it has been much more difficult to scientifically demonstrate positive changes in water retention and stream temperature, given hydrologic complexity, unprecedented fire and floods, and the fact that beaver are highly mobile. This case study can help environmental studies students and natural resource policy professionals think about the broader challenges of diffuse, ecosystem services approaches to climate adaptation. Beaver-produced watershed improvements will remain difficult to quantify and verify, and thus will likely remain less attractive to water planners than conventional storage dams. But as climate conditions put additional pressure on such infrastructure, it is worth considering how beaver might be employed to augment watershed storage capacity, even if this capacity is likely to remain at least in part inscrutable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document