The role of a non-native tree in riparian vegetation expansion and channel narrowing along a dryland river

Ecohydrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Scott ◽  
Lindsay V. Reynolds ◽  
Patrick B. Shafroth ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Channel Narrowing ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Dryland River ◽  
Vegetation Expansion

scholarly journals On the connection between terrestrial and riparian vegetation: the role of storage partitioning in water-limited catchments

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saúl Arciniega-Esparza ◽  
José Agustín Breña-Naranjo ◽  
Peter A. Troch
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation

Effect of patches of woody vegetation on the role of fire in tropical grasslands and savannas

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank van Langevelde ◽  
Casper de Groot ◽  
Thomas A. Groen ◽  
Ignas M. A. Heitkönig ◽  
Ian Gaigher
Keyword(s):  
Patch Size ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Tropical Grasslands ◽  
Vegetation Expansion

In tropical grasslands and savannas, fire is used to reduce woody vegetation expansion. Woody vegetation in these biomes is often patchily distributed, and micro-climatic conditions can largely vary locally with unknown consequences for fire effects. We hypothesised that (1) fire has higher temperature and maintains high temperatures for a longer period at the windward side than at the leeward side of wooded patches, (2) this difference increases with patch size, (3) fire has a larger effect on woody vegetation at the windward side than at the leeward side of wooded patches and (4) this effect increases with patch size. We planted tree seedlings around wooded patches in a grassland and burnt these plots. We found that fire had a lower temperature and had an elevated temperature for a shorter time period at the leeward side of wooded patches than at the windward side. Also, we found smaller effect of fire on the seedlings at the leeward side. We conclude that patches of woody vegetation can have a large effect on the role of fire in tropical grasslands and savannas. This effect suggests a ‘safe zone’ for seedlings at the leeward side, which consequently promotes woody vegetation expansion. This paper contributes to understanding of the effect of patchiness of woody vegetation on the role of fire in tropical grasslands and savannas in reducing woody vegetation expansion.

scholarly journals Metacommunity patterns of Amazonian Odonata: the role of environmental gradients and major rivers

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Alves-Martins ◽  
Leandro Schlemmer Brasil ◽  
Leandro Juen ◽  
Paulo De Marco Jr ◽  
Juliana Stropp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Habitat Integrity ◽  
Biogeographic Region ◽  
Metacommunity Structure

BackgroundWe identified and classified damselfly (Zygoptera) and dragonfly (Anisoptera) metacommunities in Brazilian Amazonia, relating species distribution patterns to known biological gradients and biogeographical history. We expected a random distribution of both Zygoptera and Anisoptera within interfluves. At the Amazonian scale, we expected Anisoptera metacommunities to be randomly distributed due to their higher dispersal ability and large environmental tolerance. In contrast, we expected Zygoptera communities to exhibit a Clementsian pattern, limited by the large Amazonia rivers due to their low dispersal ability.MethodsWe used a dataset of 58 first-to-third order well-sampled streamlets in four Amazonian interfluves and applied an extension of the Elements of Metacommunity Structure (EMS) framework, in which we order Zygoptera and Anisoptera metacommunities by known spatial and biogeographic predictors.ResultsAt the Amazonian scale, both Zygoptera and Anisoptera presented a Clementsian pattern, driven by the same environmental and biogeographical predictors, namely biogeographic region (interfluve), annual mean temperature, habitat integrity and annual precipitation. At the interfluve scale, results were less consistent and only partially support our hypothesis. Zygoptera metacommunities at Guiana and Anisoptera metacommunities at Tapajós were classified as random, suggesting that neutral processes gain importance at smaller spatial scales.DiscussionOur findings were consistent with previous studies showing that environmental gradients and major rivers limit the distribution of Odonata communities, supporting that larger Amazonian rivers act as barriers for the dispersal of this group. In addition, the importance of habitat integrity indicates that intactness of riparian vegetation is an important filter shaping metacommunity structure of Amazonian stream Odonata.

Effects of riparian woody vegetation on EPT functional connectivity in Western Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Peredo Arce ◽  
Martin Palt ◽  
Martin Schletterer ◽  
Jochem Kail
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Western Germany

<p>In the degraded European landscapes riparian corridors had have become key features to maintain connectivity between habitat patches for multitude of organisms. This role of riparian forests has been assessed from the purely structural point of view, to complex models specific for particular species or groups of species, from mammals to plants, from endangered to invasive species.</p><p>Dispersion is a key part of the lifecycle of EPTs (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) as they live most of their lives as aquatic juveniles, being drifted downstream, and disperse back upstream when they become short-lived winged adults. These three families of aquatic macroinvertebrates are widely used as bioindicators because of their sensitivity to water pollution and habitat degradation, but little is known about how the riparian vegetation impacts their ability to disperse and recolonize. For example, riparian vegetation could help EPTs dispersion by protecting them from harsh weather conditions, or by helping them to orientate themselves by changing how the reflexion of the light on the water polarises.</p><p>Nevertheless, connectivity is not the only driver of the EPT community as other parameters can have a direct effect on the community composition. For example, water pollution is an important driver of the freshwater macroinvertebrate community and in locations where pollution is high is not expected to find almost any EPTs individual regardless of the landscape connectivity. Furthermore, other landscape features can hinder the role of riparian forests as corridors for being a barrier to EPT dispersion, like dams or coniferous forests.</p><p>In this study we compare the EPT communities on 120 pairs of sites, each pair located in the same river at 1 to 5 km distance, with different riparian vegetation conditions in Western Germany. The communities are characterised by their overall dispersion capacity using the Species Flying Propensity index (Sarremejane et al. 2017). The riparian vegetation is identified using areal images in the 10 meters and 30 meters buffer from the river.</p><p>We expect that riparian forest fragmentation will directly impact functional connectivity, and therefore, in locations with less fragmented riparian forests the EPT community will be mainly composed by weak dispersers (and <em>vice versa</em>). Nevertheless, covariates that can impact or mask this effect were taken into account: catchment land use, saprobic pollution, naturalness, hidromorphological hydromorphological degradation and also other features as coniferous forests or dams.</p>

Role of Cities in Native Woody Species Conservation and Carbon Storage Insight From Niger

2021 ◽  
pp. 302-322
Author(s):  
Soulé Moussa ◽  
Saley Karim ◽  
Abasse Amadou Tougiani ◽  
Boateng Kyereh ◽  
Mahamane Saadou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Woody Species ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Change Mitigation

Loss of native tree species constitutes a major socio-economic and ecological problem. Nevertheless, there is scanty data on the role of Sahelian cities in native woody species conservation and climate change mitigation. This study tried to determine the native woody diversity, structure, and carbon stocks in Niamey, and Maradi, Niger. The study used the plot method to inventory dendrometric variables based on a stratified sampling approach from peri-urban areas to the built environment. Biodiversity indices and allometric models were used for the data analysis. A total of 63 native woody species representing 47 genera and 24 families were recorded in the overall urban forests in two cities. In Niamey, 46 species belonging to 35 genera and 19 families were recorded while in Maradi, 50 species, 41 genera, and 19 families were inventoried. Fabaceae was the dominant families in both cities with equal richness (13 species).

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