scholarly journals Seed dispersal by wind decreases when plants are water‐stressed, potentially counteracting species coexistence and niche evolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlei Zhu ◽  
Nataša Lukić ◽  
Verena Rajtschan ◽  
Julia Walter ◽  
Frank M. Schurr
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Niche Evolution

scholarly journals Thermal niche evolution across replicatedAnolislizard adaptive radiations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R. Gunderson ◽  
D. Luke Mahler ◽  
Manuel Leal
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Niche Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Adaptive Radiations

AbstractElucidating how ecological and evolutionary mechanisms interact to produce and maintain biodiversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary ecology. We investigate this issue by focusing on how physiological evolution affects performance and species coexistence along the thermal niche axis in replicated radiations ofAnolislizards, groups best known for resource partitioning based on morphological divergence. We find repeated divergence in thermal physiology within these radiations, and that this divergence significantly affects performance within natural thermal environments. Morphologically similar species that co-occur invariably differ in their thermal physiology, providing evidence that physiological divergence facilitates species co-existence within anole communities. Despite repeated divergence in traits of demonstrable ecological importance, phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that physiological traits have evolved more slowly than key morphological traits related to the structural niche. Phylogenetic analyses also reveal that physiological divergence is correlated with divergence in broad-scale habitat climatic features commonly used to estimate thermal niche evolution, but that the latter incompletely predicts variation in the former. We provide comprehensive evidence for repeated adaptive evolution of physiological divergence withinAnolisadaptive radiations, including the complementary roles of physiological and morphological divergence in promoting community-level diversity. We recommend greater integration of performance-based traits into analyses of climatic niche evolution, as they facilitate a more complete understanding of the phenotypic and ecological consequences of climatic divergence.

scholarly journals Thermal niche evolution across replicated Anolis lizard adaptive radiations

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1877) ◽  
pp. 20172241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R. Gunderson ◽  
D. Luke Mahler ◽  
Manuel Leal
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Niche Evolution ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Anolis Lizard ◽  
Adaptive Radiations

Elucidating how ecological and evolutionary mechanisms interact to produce and maintain biodiversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary ecology. Here, we focus on how physiological evolution affects performance and species coexistence along the thermal niche axis in replicated radiations of Anolis lizards best known for resource partitioning based on morphological divergence. We find repeated divergence in thermal physiology within these radiations, and that this divergence significantly affects performance within natural thermal environments. Morphologically similar species that co-occur invariably differ in their thermal physiology, providing evidence that physiological divergence facilitates species coexistence within anole communities. Despite repeated divergence, phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that physiological traits have evolved more slowly than key morphological traits related to the structural niche. Phylogenetic analyses also reveal that physiological divergence is correlated with divergence in broad-scale habitat climatic features commonly used to estimate thermal niche evolution, but that the latter incompletely predicts variation in the former. We provide comprehensive evidence for repeated adaptive evolution of physiological divergence within Anolis adaptive radiations, including the complementary roles of physiological and morphological divergence in promoting community-level diversity. We recommend greater integration of performance-based traits into analyses of climatic niche evolution, as they facilitate a more complete understanding of the phenotypic and ecological consequences of climatic divergence.

scholarly journals HOW DOES POLLEN VERSUS SEED DISPERSAL AFFECT NICHE EVOLUTION?

Evolution ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 792-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Aguilée ◽  
Frank H. Shaw ◽  
François Rousset ◽  
Ruth G. Shaw ◽  
Ophélie Ronce
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Niche Evolution

scholarly journals Simplified Communities of Seed-Dispersers Limit the Composition and Flow of Seeds in Edge Habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onja H. Razafindratsima ◽  
Nasandratra Nancia Raoelinjanakolona ◽  
Rio R. Heriniaina ◽  
Rindra H. Nantenaina ◽  
Tianasoa H. Ratolojanahary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Adult Trees

Edge effects, driven by human modification of landscapes, can have critical impacts on ecological processes such as species interactions, with cascading impacts on biodiversity as a whole. Characterizing how edges affect vital biotic interactions such as seed dispersal by frugivores is important for better understanding potential mechanisms that drive species coexistence and diversity within a plant community. Here, we investigated how differences between frugivore communities at the forest edge and interior habitats of a diverse tropical rainforest relate to patterns of animal-mediated seed dispersal and early seedling recruitment. We found that the lemur communities across the forest edge-interior gradient in this system showed the highest species richness and variability in body sizes at intermediate distances; the community of birds showed the opposite pattern for species richness. Three large-bodied frugivores, known to be effective dispersers of large seeds, tended to avoid the forest edge. As result, the forest edges received a lower rate of animal-mediated seed dispersal compared to the interior habitats. In addition, we also found that the seeds that were actively dispersed by animals in forest edge habitats were smaller in size than seeds dispersed in the forest interior. This pattern was found despite a similarity in seed size of seasonally fruiting adult trees and shrubs between the two habitats. Despite these differences in dispersal patterns, we did not observe any differences in the rates of seedling recruitment or seed-size distribution of successful recruit species. Our results suggest that a small number of frugivores may act as a potential biotic filter, acting on seed size, for the arrival of certain plant species to edge habitats, but other factors may be more important for driving recruitment patterns, at least in the short term. Further research is needed to better understand the potential long-term impacts of altered dispersal regimes relative to other environmental factors on the successional dynamics of edge communities. Our findings are important for understanding potential ecological drivers of tree community changes in forest edges and have implications for conservation management and restoration of large-seeded tree species in disturbed habitats.

FRUGIVORIA E DISPERSÃO DE SEMENTES POR PEIXES

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Luciane Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
Solimões River

Biotic or abiotic processes of seed dispersal are important for the maintenance of the diversity, and for the natural regeneration in tropical forests. Ichthyochory is one of the fundamental mechanisms for seed dispersal in flooded environments, as the “igapó” forests. A study on the ichthyochory of the igapós was conducted at Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, in the middle Solimões river, from June 2002 to September 2004. Monthly samples of frugivorous fish were taken, with the main fishing gears used locally. Guts of 1,688 fish caught were examined. The main species were Myloplus rubripinnis (29.21%), Hemiodus immaculatus (18.96%),Colossoma macropom um (16.23%) and Mylossoma duriventre (16.05%). The diet was made of vegetables (fruits, leave and flowers), and animals (arthropods). 53.02% of all fish caught ingested fruits. The total number of intact seeds in the stomachs and intestines were 8,069 and 5,763 respectively. About 61.9% of the Brycon melanopterus (matrinchão), 46.34% of the Brycon amazonicus (mamuri) and 30.22% of M . rubripinnis (parum ) analysed had intact seeds in their guts. Seeds of Nectandra amazonum and Genipa spruceana ingested proved to be more viable than those non-ingested by fish. The high rates of frugivory, the presence of intact seeds in the guts of fish and the greater viability of ingested seeds all suggest that these animals are important seed dispersors in the “igapó” forests of Amanã Reserve.

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