Optimal foraging by a large ungulate in an extreme environment: Wild mountain reindeer select snow‐free feeding habitats in winter

Emergency medicine involves the care of patients who require immediate medical attention. The specialty encompasses a broad range of medical disciplines, including anaesthesia, cardiology (a field related to the heart), neurology (a field related to the brain), plastic surgery, orthopaedic surgery (surgery relating to the bones or muscles), and cardiothoracic surgery (surgery relating to the heart, chest, or lungs). There are also a number of subspecialties including extreme environment medicine, disaster medicine and sports medicine. Related to emergency medicine is the specialty of critical care medicine, which is concerned with the care of patients with life-threatening conditions often treated in intensive care settings....

Download Full-text

In Defense of Optimal Foraging by Bats: A Reply to Schluter

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/283923 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 119 (3) ◽

pp. 438-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. J. Howell ◽

D. L. Hartl

Keyword(s):

Optimal Foraging

Download Full-text

Optimal Foraging: The Importance of Environmental Stochasticity and Accuracy in Parameter Estimation

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/285465 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 141 (1) ◽

pp. 139-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Nigel G. Yoccoz ◽

Steinar Engen

Keyword(s):

Parameter Estimation ◽

Optimal Foraging ◽

Environmental Stochasticity

Download Full-text

Complete genome sequence of Arthrobacter sp. PAMC25564 and its comparative genome analysis for elucidating the role of CAZymes in cold adaptation

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-07734-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

So-Ra Han ◽

Byeollee Kim ◽

Jong Hwa Jang ◽

Hyun Park ◽

Tae-Jin Oh

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Cold Adaptation ◽

Gc Content ◽

Glycogen Metabolism ◽

Extreme Environment ◽

Circular Chromosome ◽

Cold Regions ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Background The Arthrobacter group is a known set of bacteria from cold regions, the species of which are highly likely to play diverse roles at low temperatures. However, their survival mechanisms in cold regions such as Antarctica are not yet fully understood. In this study, we compared the genomes of 16 strains within the Arthrobacter group, including strain PAMC25564, to identify genomic features that help it to survive in the cold environment. Results Using 16 S rRNA sequence analysis, we found and identified a species of Arthrobacter isolated from cryoconite. We designated it as strain PAMC25564 and elucidated its complete genome sequence. The genome of PAMC25564 is composed of a circular chromosome of 4,170,970 bp with a GC content of 66.74 % and is predicted to include 3,829 genes of which 3,613 are protein coding, 147 are pseudogenes, 15 are rRNA coding, and 51 are tRNA coding. In addition, we provide insight into the redundancy of the genes using comparative genomics and suggest that PAMC25564 has glycogen and trehalose metabolism pathways (biosynthesis and degradation) associated with carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZymes). We also explain how the PAMC26654 produces energy in an extreme environment, wherein it utilizes polysaccharide or carbohydrate degradation as a source of energy. The genetic pattern analysis of CAZymes in cold-adapted bacteria can help to determine how they adapt and survive in such environments. Conclusions We have characterized the complete Arthrobacter sp. PAMC25564 genome and used comparative analysis to provide insight into the redundancy of its CAZymes for potential cold adaptation. This provides a foundation to understanding how the Arthrobacter strain produces energy in an extreme environment, which is by way of CAZymes, consistent with reports on the use of these specialized enzymes in cold environments. Knowledge of glycogen metabolism and cold adaptation mechanisms in Arthrobacter species may promote in-depth research and subsequent application in low-temperature biotechnology.

Download Full-text