scholarly journals Latitudinal influence on gametogenesis and host–parasite ecology in a marine bivalve model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E. Mahony ◽  
Sharon A. Lynch ◽  
Sian Egerton ◽  
Rebecca E. Laffan ◽  
Simão Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Ecology of Ticks (Ixodidae) on Cattle within Main Campus of the University of Abuja, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Balarabe-Musa Binta ◽  
Ayobami Rachael ◽  
Onyeagba Kosisochukwu Dematus
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Amblyomma Hebraeum ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Ecology Of Ticks ◽  
The University ◽  
Host Parasite

A survey was conducted using standard parasitological procedures to determine the ecology of ticks on the cattle within the main campus of the University of Abuja, Nigeria. The tick specie identified were Amblyomma variegatum, Amblyomma hebraeum, 0rnithodorus moubata complex, Hyalomma truncatum, Hyalomma rufipies, Rhipicephalus decoloratus, Phipicephalus appendiculatus, and Boophilus microplus. Of the 100 cattle examined. 47(47%) of the tick examined was found on the male cow and 53(53%) were found on the female cow. In addition, 23(23%) of the observed tick are found on the leg, 20(20%) are found in the anus, 20(20%) are found on the udder, 14(14%) are found on the back while 23(23%) of the ticks are found in the ear. 31(31%) of the observed ticks were found on the bunaj specie, 24(24%) of the ticks on the Gudali, 24(24%) of the observed ticks on the Rahaji specie and 21(21%) on the wadara specie. Amblyomma hebraeum, Ornithodorus moubata Complex and Rhipicephalus dicoloratus were found more dominantly on Bunaj breed (42.9%, 55.6% and 42.9% respectively), Amblyomma variegatum and Phipicephalus appendiculatus was observed to be more dominant on Rahaji breed (infesting 33.3% and 66.7% respectively), Boophylus microplus and Hyalomma rufipe were found dominant on wadara (30% and 50% respectively). There is need to help establish baseline information on ticks ecology and occurrence in the study area which would consequently lead to increased public awareness especially to the herdsmen and in avoiding tick borne diseases, also to help in vector control formulation and to prevent the herdsmen of suffering from low productivity due to the presence of ticks, thereby leading to various weaknesses, diseases and sometimes death of the cattle. Owing to this, this study did not only identify the tick species infesting cattle but also examined the host-parasite ecology of ticks on cattle within the main campus of the University of Abuja, Nigeria.

Host-Parasite Ecology of the Helminths in Mountain Gorillas

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Rothman ◽  
Alice N. Pell ◽  
Dwight D. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Gorillas ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Frontiers in host-parasite ecology and evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVE PATERSON ◽  
STUART B. PIERTNEY
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Trojan horses in the marine realm: characterizing protistan parasite ecology in coastal waters

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Taylor R. Sehein
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Marine Food Webs ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Saanich Inlet ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
Host Parasite

Protists are taxonomically and metabolically diverse drivers of energy and nutrient flow in the marine environment, with recent research suggesting significant roles in global carbon cycling throughout the water column. Top-down controls on planktonic protists include grazing and parasitism, processes that both contribute to nutrient transfer and biogeochemical cycling in the global ocean. Recent global surveys of eukaryotic small subunit ribosomal RNA molecular signatures have highlighted the fact that parasites belonging to the marine alveolate order Syndiniales are both abundant and ubiquitous in coastal and open ocean environments, suggesting a major role for this taxon in marine food webs. Two coastal sites, Saanich Inlet (Vancouver Island, BC) and Salt Pond (Falmouth, MA, USA) were selected as model ecosystems to examine the impacts of Syndinian parasitism on protist communities. Data presented in this thesis combines high-resolution sampling, water chemistry (including nutrients) analyses, molecular marker gene analyses, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and modeling to address key knowledge gaps regarding syndinian ecology. Information is presented on previously undescribed putative host taxa, the prevalence of syndinian parasites and infections on different hosts in coastal waters, and a framework for modeling host-parasite interactions based on field observations.

scholarly journals Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea): an ideal fish-metazoan parasite model?

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. HOOLE ◽  
V. CARTER ◽  
S. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Ligula Intestinalis ◽  
Metazoan Parasite ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Scientific Tool

SUMMARYSince its use as a model to study metazoan parasite culture and in vitro development, the plerocercoid of the tapeworm, Ligula intestinalis, has served as a useful scientific tool to study a range of biological factors, particularly within its fish intermediate host. From the extensive long-term ecological studies on the interactions between the parasite and cyprinid hosts, to the recent advances made using molecular technology on parasite diversity and speciation, studies on the parasite have, over the last 60 years, led to significant advances in knowledge on host-parasite interactions. The parasite has served as a useful model to study pollution, immunology and parasite ecology and genetics, as well has being the archetypal endocrine disruptor.

Amblyomma parvitarsum (Acari: Ixodidae): localities, hosts and host-parasite ecology

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Muñoz-Leal ◽  
Daniel González-Acuña ◽  
L. Fabián Beltrán-Saavedra ◽  
Juan M. Limachi ◽  
Alberto A. Guglielmone
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Current Knowledge of Small Flukes (Digenea: Heterophyidae) from South America

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-386
Author(s):  
Cláudia Portes Santos ◽  
Juliana Novo Borges
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
South American ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Host Parasite

Fish-borne heterophyid trematodes are known to have a zoonotic potential, since at least 30 species are able to infect humans worldwide, with a global infection of around 7 million people. In this paper, a ‘state-of-the-art’ review of the South American heterophyid species is provided, including classical and molecular taxonomy, parasite ecology, host-parasite interaction studies and a list of species and their hosts. There is still a lack of information on human infections in South America with undetected or unreported infections probably due to the information shortage and little attention by physicians to these small intestinal flukes. Molecular tools for specific diagnoses of South American heterophyid species are still to be defined. Additional new sequences of Pygidiopsis macrostomum, Ascocotyle pindoramensis and Ascocotyle longa from Brazil are also provided.

scholarly journals Within-host interference competition can prevent invasion of rare parasites

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Z. Quigley ◽  
Sam P. Brown ◽  
Helen C. Leggett ◽  
Pauline D. Scanlan ◽  
Angus Buckling
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Priority Effect ◽  
Parasite Genotype ◽  
New Host ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Host Parasite

AbstractCompetition between parasite species or genotypes can play an important role in the establishment of parasites in new host populations. Here, we investigate a mechanism by which a rare parasite is unable to establish itself in a host population if a common resident parasite is already present (a ‘priority effect’). We develop a simple epidemiological model and show that a rare parasite genotype is unable to invade if coinfecting parasite genotypes inhibit each other's transmission more than expected from simple resource partitioning. This is because a rare parasite is more likely to be in multiply-infected hosts than the common genotype, and hence more likely to pay the cost of reduced transmission. Experiments competing interfering clones of bacteriophage infecting a bacterium support the model prediction that the clones are unable to invade each other from rare. We briefly discuss the implications of these results for host-parasite ecology and (co)evolution.

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