scholarly journals Microstructural characteristics of the stony coral genus Acropora useful to coral reef paleoecology and modern conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meixia Zhao ◽  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhong ◽  
Xiaofeng Xu ◽  
Hongqiang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
Reef Paleoecology

scholarly journals STATUS TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN PESISIR NEGERI HUKURILA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Dicky Sahetapy ◽  
Laura Siahainenia ◽  
Debby A J Selanno ◽  
Johannes M S Tetelepta ◽  
Novianty C Tuhumury
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
The Status ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Line Intercept

Coral reef is one of the important coastal ecosystems that have high biodiversity. This study aims to analyze the composition of the taxa and the distribution of coral species, the ecological index of coral communities and the status of coral reefs. The research was conducted from April-May 2019 in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village, South Leitimur District, Ambon City. Collecting coral data by using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. Determination of coral reef condition based on percent data (value) of coral reef cover. During the study, 116 species of stony coral from 49 genera and 16 families were found, which 50 species of them are protected and 23 species of ornamental coral. The similarity index of stony coral species between coral reef locations ranges from 0.52-0.76 or there is the similarity of stony coral species between locations coral reef in the amount of 52-76%. The coral reefs of Hukurila Village have high diversity of coral species, with a low dominance of coral species in the community, and the compatibility of coral species in the community is classified as stable. Acropora corals contributed a low covering percent value (9.98%), while Non-Acropora corals contributed a relatively high percent of covering value (43.56%). The status of coral reefs between locations in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village is in the criteria of good (healthy).   ABSTRAK Terumbu karang merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir penting yang emiliki kenanekaragaman hayati tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi taksa dan sebaran spesies karang, indeks ekologi kominitas karang dan status terumbu karang. Penelitian dilakukan dari April-Mei 2019 di perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila Kecamatan Leitimur Selatan Kota Ambon. Pengumpulan data karang menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Penentuan kondisi terumbu karang berdasarkan data (nilai) persen penutupan karang batu. Selama penelitian ditemukan 116 spesies karang batu dari 49 genera dan 16 famili, dimana 50 spesies diantaranya dilindungi dan 23 spesies karang hias. Indeks similaritas spesies karang batu antar stasiun terumbu karang berkisar antara 0,52-0,76 atau terdapat kesamaan spesies karang batu antar lokasi terumbu karang sebesar 52-76%. Terumbu karang Negeri Hukurila memiliki diversitas spesies karang tinggi, dengan dominansi spesies karang rendah dalam komunitas, dan keserasian spesies karang dalam komunitas tergolong stabil. Karang Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan rendah (9,98%), sementara karang Non-Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan karang batu relatif tinggi (43,56%). Status terumbu karang antar stasiun terumbu perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila berada dalam kriteria baik (sehat).   Kata kunci: terumbu, karang batu, keragaman spesies, kesamaan, persen penutupan

scholarly journals Impacts of Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD) on Coral Community Structure at an Inshore Patch Reef of the Upper Florida Keys Using Photomosaics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Kolodziej ◽  
Michael S. Studivan ◽  
Arthur C. R. Gleason ◽  
Chris Langdon ◽  
Ian C. Enochs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Coral Community ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Coral Mortality ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Reef Tract

Since the appearance of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) on reefs off Miami in 2014, this unprecedented outbreak has spread across the entirety of Florida’s coral reef tract, as well as to many territories throughout the Caribbean. The endemic zone reached the upper Florida Keys by 2016, resulting in partial or complete mortality of coral colonies across numerous species. Disease was first observed at Cheeca Rocks (Islamorada, Florida) in the beginning of 2018, with reports of coral mortality peaking mid-year. The disease was still present at Cheeca Rocks as of March 2020, however, to a lesser degree compared to the initial outbreak. Annual monitoring efforts have been ongoing at Cheeca Rocks since 2012, including repeated benthic photomosaics of a 330 m2 survey zone, spanning six replicate sites. As such, a repository of coral community composition data exists for before and after the disease outbreak that was analyzed to assess the impacts of SCTLD on reef communities at an upper Florida Keys inshore reef. Cheeca Rocks is hypothesized to be a resilient reef due to its persistent high coral cover despite its inshore location, which subjects corals to fluctuating water quality and marginal environmental conditions. Coral populations here have been shown to recover from bleaching events and heat stress with minimal coral mortality. Though colonies of coral species characterized as highly and moderately susceptible to SCTLD (e.g., Colpophyllia natans, Diploria labyrinthiformis, Pseudodiploria strigosa, Orbicella annularis, and O. faveolata) suffered mortality as a result of the outbreak with an average loss of 16.42% relative cover by species, the overall impacts on coral cover and community structure were relatively low, contributing to a loss of total coral cover of only 1.65%. Comparison of photomosaic data to other studies indicate Cheeca Rocks may not have been affected as severely as other sites on Florida’s coral reef tract, underlying this site’s potential role in coral resilience to stressors including bleaching events, land-based pollution, and disease epizootics.

scholarly journals Recruitment of hard coral after coral bleaching in Krueng Raya Water, Aceh Besar

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
M Ulfah ◽  
A Siswanto ◽  
S Agustina ◽  
S Purnawan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Coral Recruitment ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method

Abstract Krueng Raya waters is an area that has a distribution of coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the recruitment of hard corals after coral bleaching Krueng Raya waters, Aceh Besar District. This research was conducted in April 2017 in Krueng Raya, Aceh Besar. Data were collected at three observation stations using a systematic sampling method using a 1x1 m quadratic transect. Based on the study results, coral recruitment was obtained from eight families and 13 genera (Acropora, Cetenactis, Diploastrea, Favia, Favites, Galaxea, Goniastrea, Helliopora, Leptastrea, Montastrea, Pavona, Pocillopora, and Porites). Where the most abundant coral genus found was from the genus Pocilopora and Porites (16 coloni/10m2). while the station with the highest colony abundance was at station 3 with 28 colonies/10m2.

scholarly journals The change of coral cover in Ujong Pancu waters, Peukan Bada Sub-District, Aceh Besar

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012051
Author(s):  
M Ulfah ◽  
M Muliari ◽  
F Azzahara ◽  
N M Razi ◽  
M R Fazillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Hard Coral Cover

Abstract Coral reef ecosystems are one of the most productive ecosystems on the earth, with large ecological functions. The disruption of coral reef ecosystems has a significant impact on the surrounding biota. This study aims to determine the condition of coral reefs for the last three years in Ujong Pancu waters, Peukan Bada sub-district, Aceh Besar district. This study uses data in 2017, 2018, and 2019 with three observation locations: Lhok Keeutapang, Lhok Mata Ie, and Tuan Island. The method used is Point Intercept Transect (PIT) with a transect length of 20 m with four repetitions. The results showed that the percentage of hard coral cover in the Ujong Pancu waters decreased from the good category (50.31%) in 2017 to moderate (47.81%) in 2019. The percentage with the highest coral cover was at the Lhok Keutapang location at 72, 81% in 2018, while the lowest coral cover at the Tuan Island location was 15.94% in 2017. The composition of the coral genus found also decreased from 12 coral genera (2017) to 9 coral genera (2019).

scholarly journals ĐA DẠNG SINH HỌC VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM QUẦN XÃ SINH VẬT RẠN SAN HÔ Ở KHU BẢO TỒN BIỂN LÝ SƠN, QUẢNG NGÃI

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
Hoang Xuan Ben ◽  
Nguyen Van Long ◽  
Hua Thai Tuyen ◽  
Phan Kim Hoang ◽  
Thai Minh Quang
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Coral Reef Fishes ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Reef Communities ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Coral Reef Communities

The result of investigation during September and October 2015 and review of previous studies showed that 224 stony coral species, 232 coral reef fish species, 88 Mollusca and Echinoderm were found in Ly Son Marine Protected Area. The biodiversity of coral reef communities was at medium level compared with other MPAs. The coverage of stony coral and soft coral was 6.1% ± 4.2 SD and 5.6% ± 5.0 SD, respectively. The density of coral reef fishes averaged 121 ± 74.4 SD Ind./100 m2 and this density mainly focused on small size group (< 10 cm) which ocupied 69.6% of total density. The average density of macro-invertebrates was 45 ± 3.0 SD Ind./100 m2 that depended on the Echinoderm group (more than 85% of total density). The coverage of living coral was considered the lowest meanwhile the density of coral reef fishes and macro-invertebrates was at medium level compared with other MPAs. Our result showed that there were two distinguished assemblages of coral reef communities. The charateristics of coral reef fishes and macro-invertebrates communities showed the resemblance in terms of distribution in most of the study sites meanwhile the coral community revealed the separation between two types of communities.

Evaluation of stony coral indicators for coral reef management

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1737-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Fisher ◽  
Leska S. Fore ◽  
Aaron Hutchins ◽  
Robert L. Quarles ◽  
Jed G. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Coral Reef Management

scholarly journals Decline in coral cover and flattening of the reefs around Mauritius (1998–2010)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Elliott ◽  
Mark R. Patterson ◽  
Caroline G. Staub ◽  
Meera Koonjul ◽  
Stephen M. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Local Factor ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Global Factor ◽  
Stony Corals

Coral reefs are degrading through the impacts of multiple anthropogenic stressors. How are coral reef communities going to change and how to protect them for future generations are important conservation questions. Using coral reef data from Mauritius, we examined changes in cover in 23 benthic groups for a 13-yr period and at 15 sites. Moreover, we determined which land-based stressor out of four (human population, agriculture, tourism, rainfall) correlated the most with the observed changes in coral reef cover. Among the stony corals, Acropora corals appeared to be the most impacted, decreasing in cover at many sites. However, the non-Acropora encrusting group increased in cover at several sites. The increase in abundance of dead corals and rubble at some sites also supported the observations of stony coral decline during the study period. Additionally, the decline in stony corals appeared to be more pronounced in second half of the study period for all sites suggesting that a global factor rather than a local factor was responsible for this decline. There was little change in cover for the other benthic groups, some of which were quite rare. Human population was significantly correlated with changes in coral reef cover for 11 sites, followed by tourism and agriculture. Rainfall, a proxy for runoff, did not appear to affect coral reef cover. Overall, our results showed that there has been a decline of stony coral cover especially the ones with complex morphologies, which in turn suggest that coral reefs around Mauritius have experienced a decline in habitat complexity during the study period. Our study also suggests that humans are an important factor contributing to the demise of coral reefs around the island.

The coral genus Caulastraea Dana, 1846 (Scleractinia, Merulinidae) as a new host for gall crabs (Decapoda, Cryptochiridae), with the description of Lithoscaptus tuerkayi sp. nov.

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (7-10) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sancia E. T. van der Meij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Host Coral ◽  
New Host ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
Gall Crabs ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

A new gall crab species is described from the stony coral genusCaulastraea, a new host coral genus for Cryptochiridae crabs. Specimens were collected during fieldwork off Kudat (Malaysian Borneo) and Okinawa (Japan). Further material was retrieved from the collections of the Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang (Vietnam). The new species, here namedLithoscaptus tuerkayisp. nov., is the tenth assigned to the genus in which it is tentatively placed. It can be separated from its congeners by the strongly demarcated, inverted V-shaped protuberance flanking the mesogastric region, with denuded spots on the anterolateral sides of this inverted V-shape, as well as the denuded area just below the frontal margin. Based on morphology and COI sequence data, the closest species toL.tuerkayisp. nov. is determined to beLithoscaptus helleri(Fize & Serène, 1957).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease at El Seco, a Mesophotic Reef System off Vieques Island, Puerto Rico

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey M. Williams ◽  
Jorge García-Sais ◽  
Jorge Sabater-Clavell
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Coral Disease ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
Reef System ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Mesophotic Reef

Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are ecologically and functionally vital, as they are Essential Fish Habitats that function as refugia for corals and sponges of shallow-water reefs. Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD) is a relatively new lethal coral disease, first affecting coral reefs in Florida and has now spread through most of the Caribbean. SCTLD was observed in Puerto Rico in December 2019 in Culebra Island. Since then, SCTLD has appeared along the east coast of Puerto Rico, affecting primarily shallow reefs in San Juan, Culebra and Vieques Island, and Fajardo. During late June and July 2020, four mesophotic reef habitats were surveyed at El Seco (off Vieques Island), on the southeast coast of Puerto Rico. SCTLD was observed at colonized pavement (CPRT – 23–30 m), bank coral reef (BCR – 35–40 m), patch coral reef (PCR – 36–42 m), and rhodolith (Rhodo – 40–50 m) habitats. The mean percent substrate cover by sessile-benthic categories varied significantly between habitats (PERMANOVA, p &lt; 0.001), with a higher mean (± SE) coral cover at BCR (26.95 ± 5.60%), followed by PCR (12.88 ± 3.88%). SCTLD was detected in all habitats, but the disease prevalence was significantly higher at BCR, ranging from 9.70 to 21.13% of colonies infected (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, p &lt; 0.007). Even though PCR habitats exhibited less coral cover, SCTLD prevalence was still elevated ranging from 6.66 to 15.07%. The deepest record of SCTLD at El Seco was 40.9 m. The majority (∼98%) of the corals infected with the disease were from the Orbicella complex spp. (faveolata/franksi). However, there were other infected species, such as Agaricia grahamae, A. lamarcki, Montastraea cavernosa, and Porites astreoides. As seen in the surveys conducted in 2011 and 2020, the loss of coral cover allows for the emergence of other benthic “detractors,” such as peyssonnelids, specifically Ramicrusta spp. Ramicrusta spp., an aggressive encrusting red alga known to take over available space and overgrow corals, significantly increased its substrate cover at the impacted reefs. Therefore, the severity and virulence of SCTLD will most likely have severe and long-lasting negative impacts on the coral communities at El Seco mesophotic reef system.

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