scholarly journals Seasonal polyphenism of spotted‐wing Drosophila is affected by variation in local abiotic conditions within its invaded range, likely influencing survival and regional population dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 7669-7685
Author(s):  
Dara G. Stockton ◽  
Anna K. Wallingford ◽  
Gabrielle Brind'amore ◽  
Lauren Diepenbrock ◽  
Hannah Burrack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Polyphenism ◽  
Regional Population

scholarly journals Population dynamics of spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in orchards in the Zagreb area

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Ivana Pajač Živković ◽  
Irena Brlić Puškarić ◽  
Darija Lemić
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Zagreb Area ◽  
The City

The invasive species Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931), the spotted wing drosophila, was first recorded in Croatia in 2010. Since then, it has spread on Croatian territory but its presence has not yet been confirmed in the City of Zagreb. In this research population dynamics of D. suzukii was investigated in three orchards in Zagreb (Maksimir, Jelenovac, Zelenjak) in the period from 20th of March to 27th of November 2017. Feeding traps with apple vinegar were used for catching D. suzukii. The flight began in the period from 27th of June to 11th of July and lasted until 27th of November. The total pest catches were 874 specimens (Jelenovac 187, Maksimir 232 and Zelenjak 455). From September to November there was a continuous flight and a large increase in the number of caught flies, suggesting the presence of more overlapping generations. Besides the host plants, the development of the pest in this area is also enabled by suitable climatic conditions. The present population in the City of Zagreb County poses a danger to fruit producers in the Zagreb County. The results of this research are a contribution to better understanding of the population and the spread of the pest in Croatia.

Population Dynamics at Grasshopper Pueblo, Arizona

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Longacre
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
East Central ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Dynamics Of Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Grasshopper Pueblo ◽  
The University ◽  
Central Arizona

There is a long history of interest in the study of extinct populations, sometimes called “prehistoric demography” or “archaeological demography.” Most studies have focused on regional population size and trends through time and their explanation. Analyses of a single population at one community are rare.This paper discusses one effort at assessing the dynamics of population at one prehistoric community, the Grasshopper Pueblo, located in east-central Arizona. A long range program of archaeological research is being conducted at the site by the University of Arizona through the Archaeological Field School. This program is sponsored jointly by the Department of Anthropology and the Arizona State Museum and has been supported by the National Science Foundation since 1965.The Grasshopper Ruin, a fourteenth century pueblo, is an example of what some have called “Late Mogollon” or “Prehistoric Western Pueblo” culture. It consists of several main room clusters separated by a presently intermittent stream and surrounded by smaller groupings of rooms. There are approximately 500 rooms at the site. Space does not permit a discussion of the range of problems that we are attempting to solve in our research nor the sampling design. But one aspect of our work, the “Cornering-Growth Project,” has provided us with the relative construction sequences for all the rooms at the community. These data provide a basis for a study of population dynamics.

Infestation intensity and prevalence of an ectosymbiotic midge under variable environmental and host conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2061-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Pennuto ◽  
C L Wooster-Brown ◽  
C A Belisle
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Intraspecific Interactions ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Infestation Intensity ◽  
Obligate Symbiont ◽  
General Expectation

Host–symbiont theory suggests that the abundance of an obligate symbiont will correlate positively with the density and size of its host. We examined these expectations using an obligate chironomid ectosymbiont – host fishfly (Nanocladius (Plecopteracoluthus) sp. No. 5 – Nigronia serricornis) system in 13 streams of southern Maine over 2 years (1996–1998). In addition, we investigated field conditions and macroinvertebrate-community composition, to search for correlates with symbiont prevalence and mean infestation intensity. Prevalence and infestation intensity were high in both years of the study, but neither infestation intensity nor prevalence was correlated with host population density across sites. Within sites, prevalence increased significantly when host density declined, contrary to our expectation. Symbiont-infestation intensity was not related to host size. No symbiont-population attributes correlated with physicochemical conditions in either sample year but prevalence was positively correlated with infestation intensity. Ectosymbiotic midges exhibited a significant host and attachment-site bias. Collectively, these data suggest that this symbiont–host interaction is obligate and stable, but the dynamics in our streams do not support the general expectation of increasing symbiont-population size with either increasing host-population or body size. Intraspecific interactions between symbionts are thought to have a stronger influence on population dynamics than do host populations or abiotic conditions for this ectosymbiotic midge.

scholarly journals Simulation modelling as a tool for examining the consequences of spatial structure and connectivity on local and regional population dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1631-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Kerr ◽  
Steven X. Cadrin ◽  
Dave H. Secor
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
White Perch ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Environmental Forcing ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Dynamics Of Population ◽  
Regional Population

Abstract Kerr, L. A., Cadrin, S. X., and Secor, D. H. 2010. Simulation modelling as a tool for examining the consequences of spatial structure and connectivity on local and regional population dynamics. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1631–1639. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying population persistence makes fisheries management more effective. A model framework is described, which can test hypotheses about spatial structure and connectivity within and between populations and their influence on the productivity (spawning-stock biomass, SSB), stability (variation in SSB), resilience (time to rebuild SSB after environmental disturbance), and sustainability (maximum sustainable fishing mortality and yield) of systems. The general model consists of linked age-structured submodels that incorporate the unique demographics and dynamics of population components, along with the degree and type of connectivity between them. The flexibility of this framework is illustrated with three case studies examining (i) spatial structure within a population of white perch, (ii) different types and degrees of connectivity between populations of Atlantic herring, and (iii) spatial heterogeneity and connectivity within a stock of Atlantic cod. System variance is reduced by abundant, stable population components, and the asynchronous responses of those components. Components with high productivity contributed disproportionately to the resilience of systems. Increased synchrony of component responses to environmental forcing decreased the stability of the overall system. Simulation modelling is a useful approach to evaluate the consequences of spatial structure and connectivity, and can be used to understand better the productivity and dynamics of local and regional populations.

scholarly journals Economic convergence in ageing Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Kashnitsky ◽  
Joop de Beer ◽  
Leo van Wissen
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Cohort Size ◽  
Administrative Division ◽  
Intercensal Period ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Youth Migration

This paper investigates youth migration in Russia at the sub-regional level of administrative division. The aim of the research is to assess the volume of internal youth migration in cohort perspective. The task is only doable with the use of census data, which not only makes it possible to conduct research at the sub-regional level, but also provides much more accurate information on youth migration than the current migration record. I utilize cohort-component analysis to study sub-regional population dynamics. As mortality is quite insignificant at young ages, most of the change in cohort size is caused by migration. My estimates show that during the last intercensal period, 2003-2010, up to 70 percent of youth cohorts have left the regional periphery after graduating from school, and there was no substantial return to the demographically depleted periphery in the young working ages.

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