scholarly journals Estimating prevalence and test accuracy in disease ecology: How Bayesian latent class analysis can boost or bias imperfect test results

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 7221-7232
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Helman ◽  
Riley O. Mummah ◽  
Katelyn M. Gostic ◽  
Michael G. Buhnerkempe ◽  
Katherine C. Prager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bayesian Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Imperfect Test

scholarly journals Diagnostic Test Accuracy in Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Bayesian Latent Class Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 690-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Schumacher ◽  
Maarten van Smeden ◽  
Nandini Dendukuri ◽  
Lawrence Joseph ◽  
Mark P. Nicol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment ◽  
Bayesian Latent Class Analysis

AbstractEvaluation of tests for the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (CPTB) is complicated by the absence of an accurate reference test. We present a Bayesian latent class analysis in which we evaluated the accuracy of 5 diagnostic tests for CPTB. We used data from a study of 749 hospitalized South African children suspected to have CPTB from 2009 to 2014. The following tests were used: mycobacterial culture, smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Inc.), tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest radiography. We estimated the prevalence of CPTB to be 27% (95% credible interval (CrI): 21, 35). The sensitivities of culture, Xpert, and smear microscopy were estimated to be 60% (95% CrI: 46, 76), 49% (95% CrI: 38, 62), and 22% (95% CrI: 16, 30), respectively; specificities of these tests were estimated in accordance with prior information and were close to 100%. Chest radiography was estimated to have a sensitivity of 64% (95% CrI: 55, 73) and a specificity of 78% (95% CrI: 73, 83). Sensitivity of the TST was estimated to be 75% (95% CrI: 61, 84), and it decreased substantially among children who were malnourished and infected with human immunodeficiency virus (56%). The specificity of the TST was 69% (95% CrI: 63%, 76%). Furthermore, it was estimated that 46% (95% CrI: 42, 49) of CPTB-negative cases and 93% (95% CrI: 82; 98) of CPTB-positive cases received antituberculosis treatment, which indicates substantial overtreatment and limited undertreatment.

Evaluation of post-mortem diagnostic tests' sensitivity and specificity for bovine tuberculosis using Bayesian latent class analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Paulo Martins Soares Filho ◽  
Alberto Knust Ramalho ◽  
André de Moura Silva ◽  
Mikael Arrais Hodon ◽  
Marina de Azevedo Issa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Latent Class Analysis
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