scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA genomes of five major Helicoverpa pest species from the Old and New Worlds (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2933-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom K. Walsh ◽  
Omaththage Perera ◽  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Karl Gordon ◽  
Cecilia Czepak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Molecular markers to discriminate among four pest species ofHelicoverpa(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Behere ◽  
W.T. Tay ◽  
D.A. Russell ◽  
P. Batterham
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Restriction Patterns ◽  
Reliable Differentiation ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe four significant pest species in theHelicoverpagenus (H. armigera, H. assulta,H. punctigeraandH. zea) are morphologically similar and can only be reliably distinguished through dissection of adult genitalia. Two partial regions of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and the cytochromeb(Cytb) genes were amplified by PCR and digested with restriction endonucleases. The restriction patterns, generated by the endonucleasesBstZ17I andHphI, demonstrated reliable differentiation of the fourHelicoverpapest species. This technique is fast, reliable and effective at distinguishing specimens irrespective of their life stages and offers support to conventional taxonomic differentiation based on morphological characters.

scholarly journals Evaluation of indigenous the nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in combination with chlorantraniliprole against Spodoptera species

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Sarwar ◽  
Naeem Arshad Maan ◽  
Muhammad Ahsin Ayub ◽  
Muhammad Rafiq Shahid ◽  
Mubasher Ahmad Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
High Larval Mortality ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background The armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and S. litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are polyphagous pests of many cash crops. Heavy crop losses have been reported for the fruit and vegetable crops each year owing to the diverse impact on global economies. The present study was aimed to sort out a novel method of pest control using the insect’s own nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) alone and in combination with a new chemistry insecticide chlorantraniliprole. Results In the study, the effect of indigenous isolated nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) and the chemical insecticide (chlorantraniliprole) formulations against the 2nd and 4th larval instars of S. litura and S. exigua, collected from the different geographical region of Punjab (Pakistan) province, was evaluated. Three concentrations of the NPV isolate, sub-lethal (1 × 104, 6 × 104 POB ml−1), lethal (3 × 105 POB ml−1), and chlorantraniliprole 0.01 μl l−1, were applied alone and in combination against the 2nd and 4th larval instars of both pest species. The lethal concentration of NPV + chlorantraniliprole exhibited synergistic interaction and caused high larval mortality against both instars, while in all other combinations, additive effect was observed. Moreover, NPV + chlorantraniliprole at lethal concentration exhibited decreased pupation, adult emergence, and egg eclosion. Conclusion The implications of using NPV alone and in combination with an insecticide are discussed briefly in this study.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Iran inferred from mitochondrial DNA

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Esfandiari ◽  
Neda Mehravar ◽  
Hossein Motamedi ◽  
Hamid Rajabi Memari ◽  
Hossein Rajaei
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sesamia Nonagrioides ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

A multiplex PCR method for identification of two common true cutworm species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) tested in the central plain of Guilan province, Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4420 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
REZA HOSSEINI ◽  
KHADIJEH MADAHI
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Peridroma Saucia ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Guilan Province

Many species of cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are important agricultural pest. They feed on roots and foliage of their host plants. Traditionally these species are identified based on morphological characteristics of adults. Hence identification of specimens in poor condition, immature stages and also closely related species or cryptic species is a difficult task. The basics of biological and ecological studies largely rely on an accurate species identification; consequently these investigations are impacted by potential misidentifications. In this study, we amplified 5' region of mitochondrial c cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (DNA barcode region) of various common true cutworm species including Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766), Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758), Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) and Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758) from agricultural fields of Guilan province (North of Iran). We were able to detect 66 conservative Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) among the targeted pest species and eventually design specific primers and develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay as a molecular diagnostic tool for immature stages of two the most common and abundant species including A. ipsilon and X. c-nigrum in Guilan province. 

Positive association between resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis and overwintering survival of cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Caron ◽  
J.H. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Overwintering Survival ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractDevelopment of resistance to insecticides has generally been associated with fitness costs that may be magnified under challenging conditions. Lepidopterans which are resistant to the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) have been shown to have reduced fitness, such as lower survival when subjected to overwintering stress. Recently, resistance to Btk has been found in some populations of Trichoplusia ni Hübner in greenhouses in British Columbia. This situation provides an opportunity to investigate potential trade-offs between overwintering survival and insecticide resistance in a major pest species. Here, we assess the survival and eventual fecundity of Btk resistant and susceptible T. ni pupae exposed to cool temperatures. Contrary to our expectations, resistant T. ni had higher overwintering survival than susceptible individuals. This is the first account of a potential advantage associated with Btk resistance. Resistant and susceptible moths had reduced fecundity and smaller progeny after cold exposure compared to controls, and this may counteract the survival advantage. Nevertheless, it seems unlikely that this is sufficient to select out the resistant phenotype in the presence of strong selection for resistance and in the absence of immigration of susceptible moths. The appearance of resistance without evidence of a trade-off in overwintering survival presents a major challenge to management in production greenhouses.

The biology of the ectoparasitoid wasp Eulophus pennicornis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on host larvae of the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Marris ◽  
J.P. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
Horticultural Pest ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThere is a need to identify potential biological control agents for use against noctuid pests in greenhouses. The gregarious ectoparasitoid Eulophus pennicornis (Nees) attacks a limited range of macrolepidopterous larvae, including those of some important horticultural pest species. Laboratory trials designed to investigate the biology of E. pennicornis on larvae of the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea Linnaeus, reveal that wasps preferentially parasitize penulitmate (fifth) or final (sixth) instar hosts. More than two-thirds of wasps lay viable eggs, and individual females oviposit on up to four hosts during their lifespan. Wasp fecundity is high, preadult development is rapid, and offspring show a markedly female-biased sex ratio. Parasitized fifth instar L.oleracea hosts do not grow as quickly as unparasitized larvae, and neither do they undergo normal ecdysis to the final larval stadium. Furthermore, the consumption of artificial diet by parasitized fifth instar hosts is greatly reduced in comparison to that of unparasitized larvae (overall feeding-reduction over a 12 day period was 64.7%). Our results suggest that E. pennicornis affects both the developmental and feeding physiology of host larvae, and that inoculative releases of this parasitoid could provide effective biological control for L. oleracea and other greenhouse pests.

scholarly journals Studies on the development of food attractants catching noctuid mouths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Antal Nagy ◽  
István Szarukán ◽  
Ferenc Gém ◽  
Rita Nyitrai ◽  
Miklós Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Food Attractants ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Natural Additive

The monitoring of the most dangerous noctuid pests (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) can be performed by species specific pheromone traps. Recently the development of traps catching female moths became the main objective of the studies. We studied the synergistic effect of vine and beer as natural additive on the effectiveness of baits containing isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid in Forró and Debrecen-Ondód. The addition of vine and beer had positive effect on catches and it was significant in case of two dangerous pest species Agrotis segetum and Lacanobia oleracea. The synergistic effect was also significant with regard to the number of detected species especially in case of lower abundances and rare species.

scholarly journals Estimating the differences in critical thermal maximum and metabolic rate of Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) across life stages

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12479
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Bawa ◽  
Peter C. Gregg ◽  
Alice P. Del Soccoro ◽  
Cara Miller ◽  
Nigel R. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Emission Rate ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Insect Activity ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Temperature is a crucial driver of insect activity and physiological processes throughout their life-history, and heat stress may impact life stages (larvae, pupae and adult) in different ways. Using thermolimit respirometry, we assessed the critical thermal maxima (CTmax-temperature at which an organism loses neuromuscular control), CO2 emission rate (V́CO2) and Q10 (a measure of V́CO2 temperature sensitivity) of three different life stages of Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren) by increasing their temperature exposure from 25 °C to 55 °C at a rate of 0.25 °C min−1. We found that the CTmax of larvae (49.1 °C ± 0.3 °C) was higher than pupae (47.4 °C ± 0.2 °C) and adults (46.9 °C ± 0.2 °C). The mean mass-specific CO2 emission rate (ml V́CO2 h−1) of larvae (0.26 ± 0.03 ml V́CO2 h−1) was also higher than adults (0.24 ± 0.04 ml V́CO2 h−1) and pupae (0.06 ± 0.02 ml V́CO2 h−1). The Q10: 25–35 °C for adults (2.01 ± 0.22) was significantly higher compared to larvae (1.40 ± 0.06) and Q10: 35–45 °C for adults (3.42 ± 0.24) was significantly higher compared to larvae (1.95 ± 0.08) and pupae (1.42 ± 0.98) respectively. We have established the upper thermal tolerance of H. punctigera, which will lead to a better understanding of the thermal physiology of this species both in its native range, and as a pest species in agricultural systems.

Two new genera and three new species of the Pantheinae from East Asia and China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Contribution to revision of Pantheinae VIII

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3587 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BEHOUNEK ◽  
H. L. HAN ◽  
V. S. KONONENKO
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Two new genera and three species of the Pantheinae are described. The genus Flavala gen. n. (type-species Acronycta flavala Moore, 1867) is separated from Anacronicta Warren, 1909. The new combination Flavala flavala (Moore, 1867) comb. n. is introduced. Two new species, Flavala crypta sp. n. and F. secunda sp. n. are described based on the result of barcoding of mitochondrial DNA. The new genus Xizanga gen. n. (type-species Xizanga mysterica sp.n.) is tentatively placed in Pantheinae.

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