scholarly journals The P element invaded rapidly and caused hybrid dysgenesis in natural populations of Drosophila simulans in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 9590-9599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusaku Yoshitake ◽  
Nobuyuki Inomata ◽  
Mai Sano ◽  
Yasuko Kato ◽  
Masanobu Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element

scholarly journals Correction: Hybrid Dysgenesis in Drosophila simulans Associated with a Rapid Invasion of the P-Element

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e1006058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hill ◽  
Christian Schlötterer ◽  
Andrea J. Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element

scholarly journals Hybrid Dysgenesis in Drosophila simulans Associated with a Rapid Invasion of the P-Element

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e1005920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hill ◽  
Christian Schlötterer ◽  
Andrea J. Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element

Hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster: the elimination of P elements through repeated backcrossing to an M-type strain

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen G. Good ◽  
Donal A. Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Element Activity ◽  
Equivalent Reduction ◽  
Replicative Transposition

The rapid increase in the frequency of P elements in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster has led to the suggestion that these elements can spread in nature through replicative transposition. In an attempt to model the introduction of a small number of P flies into an M population we backcrossed P flies and their offspring to M flies. Two components of dysgenesis, P element activity and P element copy number (measured by DNA hybridization), were monitored each generation. In these experiments P elements were not capable of spreading rapidly enough to maintain 30–50 copies per fly and were rapidly lost from the population. We also found that the reduction in a fly's ability to induce gonadal dysgenesis was matched by an equivalent reduction in P element copy number as measured by DNA hybridization. These results are discussed in terms of the conventional mechanisms of selection or segregation; the conclusion is that there are conditions under which P elements can be lost from a population. Key words: hybrid dysgenesis, P element, transposable elements, Drosophila.

scholarly journals Amplification of KP elements associated with the repression of hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1013
Author(s):  
M S Jackson ◽  
D M Black ◽  
G A Dover
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
Deletion Derivative ◽  
P Elements ◽  
The Way

Abstract Mobile P elements in Drosophila melanogaster cause hybrid dysgenesis if their mobility is not repressed. One type of repression, termed P cytotype, is a complex interaction between chromosomes carrying P elements and cytoplasm and is transmitted through the cytoplasm only of females. Another type of repression is found in worldwide M' strains that contain approximately 30 copies per individual of one particular P element deletion-derivative termed the KP element. This repression is transmitted equally through both sexes. In the present study we show that biparentally transmitted repression increases in magnitude together with a rapid increase in KP copy-number in genotypes starting with one or a few KP elements and no other deletion-derivatives. Such correlated increases in repression and KP number per genome occur only in the presence of complete P elements, supporting the interpretation that they are probably a consequence of the selective advantage enjoyed by flies carrying the highest numbers of KP elements. Analysis of Q strains also reveals the presence of qualitative differences in the way the repression of dysgenesis is transmitted. In general, Q strains not containing KP elements have the P cytotype mode of repression, whereas Q strains with KP elements transmit repression through both sexes. This difference among Q strains further supports the existence of at least two types of repression of P-induced hybrid dysgenesis in natural populations of D. melanogaster.

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila simulans lines transformed with autonomous P elements.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-291
Author(s):  
S B Daniels ◽  
A Chovnick ◽  
M G Kidwell
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
P Elements ◽  
The One ◽  
P Element Regulation

Abstract The molecular and phenotypic analysis of several previously described P element-transformed lines of Drosophila simulans was extended in order to determine whether they had the potential to produce a syndrome of P-M hybrid dysgenesis analogous to the one in Drosophila melanogaster. The transformed line with the highest number of P elements at the beginning of the analysis, DsP pi-5C, developed strong P activity potential and P element regulation, properties characteristic of D. melanogaster P strains. The subsequent analysis of sublines derived from 34 single pair matings of DsP pi-5C revealed that they were heterogeneous with respect to both their P element complements and P activity potentials, but similar with respect to their regulatory capabilities. The subline with the highest P activity, DsP pi-5C-27, was subsequently used as a reference P strain in the genetic analysis of the D. simulans transformants. In these experiments, the reciprocal cross effect was observed with respect to both gonadal sterility and male recombination. As in D. melanogaster, the induction of gonadal sterility in D. simulans was shown to be temperature-dependent. Molecular analysis of DsP pi-5C-27 revealed that it has approximately 30 P elements per genome, at least some of which are defective. The number of potentially complete P elements in its genome is similar to the number in the D. melanogaster P strain, Harwich-77. Overall our analysis indicates that P-transformed lines of D. simulans are capable of expressing the major features of P-M hybrid dysgenesis previously demonstrated in D. melanogaster and that P elements appear to behave in a similar way in the two sibling species.

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in Japan. II. Strains which cannot induce P-M dysgenesis may completely suppress functional P element activity

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Hagiwara ◽  
Etsuko Nakamura ◽  
Etsuko T. Matsuura ◽  
Sadao I. Chigusa
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Secondary Mutation ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Element Activity

SummaryMany inbred and isofemale lines derived from wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster were tested for gonadal dysgenic sterility, male recombination and snw secondary mutation. Among them, we have found strains whose dysgenic offspring show negligible sterility, and undetectable male recombination and snw mutation. They can be considered to be neutral strains in the strict sense. Such neutral strains appear to carry only defective P elements in their genomes. Taking the observations of Karess & Rubin (1984) into account, it is suggested that some defective P elements retain the function necessary for P cytotype. Cytotype determination mechanisms are discussed.

scholarly journals The recent invasion of natural Drosophila simulans populations by the P-element

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (21) ◽  
pp. 6659-6663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kofler ◽  
Tom Hill ◽  
Viola Nolte ◽  
Andrea J. Betancourt ◽  
Christian Schlötterer
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
P Element ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Transfer Event ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Close Relatives

The P-element is one of the best understood eukaryotic transposable elements. It invaded Drosophila melanogaster populations within a few decades but was thought to be absent from close relatives, including Drosophila simulans. Five decades after the spread in D. melanogaster, we provide evidence that the P-element has also invaded D. simulans. P-elements in D. simulans appear to have been acquired recently from D. melanogaster probably via a single horizontal transfer event. Expression data indicate that the P-element is processed in the germ line of D. simulans, and genomic data show an enrichment of P-element insertions in putative origins of replication, similar to that seen in D. melanogaster. This ongoing spread of the P-element in natural populations provides a unique opportunity to understand the dynamics of transposable element spread and the associated piwi-interacting RNAs defense mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Properties of Autonomous Subtelomeric P Elements Are Sensitive to a Suppressor of variegation in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1663-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Ronsseray ◽  
Monique Lehmann ◽  
Danielle Nouaud ◽  
Dominique Anxolabéhère
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
P Element ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Heterochromatin Protein 1 ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Associated Sequences ◽  
Regulatory Properties

Abstract Genetic recombination was used in Drosophila melanogaster to isolate P elements, inserted at the telomeres of X chromosomes (cytological site 1A) from natural populations, in a genetic background devoid of other P elements. We show that complete maternally inherited P repression in the germline (P cytotype) can be elicited by only two autonomous P elements at 1A and that a single element at this site has partial regulatory properties. The analysis of the surrounding chromosomal regions of the P elements at 1A shows that in all cases these elements are flanked by Telomeric Associated Sequences, tandemly repetitive noncoding sequences that have properties of heterochromatin. In addition, we show that the regulatory properties of P elements at 1A can be inhibited by some of the mutant alleles of the Su(var)205 gene and by a deficiency of this gene. However, the regulatory properties of reference P strains (Harwich and Texas 007) are not impaired by Su(var)205 mutations. Su(var)205 encodes Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1). These results suggest that the HP1 dosage effect on the P element properties is sitedependent and could involve the structure of the chromatin.

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis-induced quantitative variation on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636
Author(s):  
C Q Lai ◽  
T F Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Quantitative Variation ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Seven Generations ◽  
Polygenic Variation

Abstract To determine the ability of the P-M hybrid dysgenesis system of Drosophila melanogaster to generate mutations affecting quantitative traits, X chromosome lines were constructed in which replicates of isogenic M and P strain X chromosomes were exposed to a dysgenic cross, a nondysgenic cross, or a control cross, and recovered in common autosomal backgrounds. Mutational heritabilities of abdominal and sternopleural bristle score were in general exceptionally high-of the same magnitude as heritabilities of these traits in natural populations. P strain chromosomes were eight times more mutable than M strain chromosomes, and dysgenic crosses three times more effective than nondysgenic crosses in inducing polygenic variation. However, mutational heritabilities of the bristle traits were appreciable for P strain chromosomes passed through one nondysgenic cross, and for M strain chromosomes backcrossed for seven generations to inbred P strain females, a result consistent with previous observations on mutations affecting quantitative traits arising from nondysgenic crosses. The new variation resulting from one generation of mutagenesis was caused by a few lines with large effects on bristle score, and all mutations reduced bristle number.

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