scholarly journals Root:shoot ratio in developing seedlings: How seedlings change their allocation in response to seed mass and ambient nutrient supply

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 7143-7150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Mašková ◽  
Tomáš Herben
Keyword(s):  
Seed Mass ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio

scholarly journals Nitrogen supply affects root:shoot ratio in corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Bonifas ◽  
Daniel T. Walters ◽  
Kenneth G. Cassman ◽  
John L. Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Over Time

Competitive outcome between crops and weeds is affected by partitioning of new biomass to above- and belowground plant organs in response to nutrient supply. This study determined the fraction of biomass partitioned to roots vs. shoots in corn and velvetleaf in response to nitrogen (N) supply. Pots measuring 28 cm in diam and 60 cm deep were embedded in the ground and each contained one plant of either corn or velvetleaf. Each plant received one of three N treatments: 0, 1, or 3 g N applied as ammonium nitrate in 2001, and 0, 2, or 6 g N in 2002. Measurements of total above- and belowground biomass were made at 10 sampling dates during each growing season. The root:shoot ratio decreased over time for both corn and velvetleaf as a result of normal plant growth and as N supply increased. Root:shoot ratio was greater for corn than for velvetleaf at comparable stages of development and at all levels of N supply. Both corn and velvetleaf display true plasticity in biomass partitioning patterns in response to N supply. Velvetleaf root:shoot ratio increased by 46 to 82% when N was limiting in 2001 and 2002, respectively, whereas corn root:shoot ratio increased by only 29 to 45%. The greater increase in biomass partitioned to roots by velvetleaf might negatively impact its ability to compete with corn for light when N supply is limited.

Influence of increased nutrient supply on Microcystis aeruginosa at cellular and proteomic levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Y Jiang ◽  
Y Liu
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Proteomic Responses

Various studies have observed that increased nutrient supply promotes the growth of bloom-forming cyanobacteria, but only a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of increased nutrient supply on bloom-forming cyanobacteria at the proteomic level. We investigated the cellular and proteomic responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to elevated nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Increased supply of both nutrients significantly promoted the growth of M. aeruginosa and the synthesis of chlorophyll a, protein, and microcystins. The release of microcystins and the synthesis of polysaccharides negatively correlated with the growth of M. aeruginosa under high nutrient levels. Overexpressed proteins related to photosynthesis, and amino acid synthesis, were responsible for the stimulatory effects of increased nutrient supply in M. aeruginosa. Increased nitrogen supply directly promoted cyanobacterial growth by inducing the overexpression of the cell division regulatory protein FtsZ. NtcA, that regulates gene transcription related to both nitrogen assimilation and microcystin synthesis, was overexpressed under the high nitrogen condition, which consequently induced overexpression of 2 microcystin synthetases (McyC and McyF) and promoted microcystin synthesis. Elevated nitrogen supply induced the overexpression of proteins involved in gas vesicle organization (GvpC and GvpW), which may increase the buoyancy of M. aeruginosa. Increased phosphorus level indirectly affected growth and the synthesis of cellular substances in M. aeruginosa through the mediation of differentially expressed proteins related to carbon and phosphorus metabolism. This study provides a comprehensive description of changes in the proteome of M. aeruginosa in response to an increased supply of 2 key nutrients.

Effect of water and nutrient supply on the yield of pea varieties

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
M. Lesznyák ◽  
Borbély Hunyadi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Effect Of Water

Physiochemical Analysis of Sandalwood (Santalum Album) Leaf Litters Degraded by Eisenia foetida and Eudrilus eugenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Praveesh Bhati ◽  
Ritu Nagar ◽  
Anurag Titov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Eudrilus Eugenia ◽  
Set Up

The decay of leaf litter by microflora and fauna furnish nutrient supply to the soil and also uphold ecological sustainability. Applying of proper technique and exploring of result provides information for the betterment of agricultural system. Vermicomposting of Sandalwood (Santalum album) leaf litters were studied with an emphasis of physio-chemical deviation during the process and also compared with 100 % cattle dung. Obtained result explore that temperate of 50 % leaf litter (LL) and 100 % cattle dung (CD) was slightly elevated (37ºC ±1 ºC and 35ºC ±1 ºC respectively) at beginning phase and later came down to ambient level (20ºC±1 ºC). The total organic carbon (TOC) exhausted 44 % in 50 % LL Vermicomposting mixture while 70 % in 100 % CD during the process. At the final stage, TOC found more in 50% LL as compared to 100% CD. Nitrogen content was found 1.02±0.1 in 50 % LL and 0.88±0.1 in 100 % CD at the initial phase but after completion of Vermicomposting, their level was increased up to 40 to 44 %.  pH was also measured during vermicomposting and found 7.2±0.1 in 50% LL while 8.4±0.1 in 100% CD at the initial phase. The at the end of process pH raised and set up to 8.2 ±0.1 in 50% LL while in 100% CD it was found 8.0 ±0.1.

ENERGY TRANSFER EFFICIENCIES ON LOWER TROPHIC LEVELS WITH INTENSIVE OYSTER FARMING IN HIROSHIMA BAY, JAPAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Umehara ◽  
Akira Umehara ◽  
Satoshi Asaoka ◽  
Satoshi Asaoka ◽  
Naoki Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Study Species

In enclosed water areas, organic matters are actively produced by phytoplankton due to abundant nutrient supply from the rivers. In our study area of the semi-enclosed Hiroshima Bay, oyster farming consuming high primary production has been developed since the 1950s, and the oyster production of Hiroshima prefecture have had the largest market share (ca. 60%) in Japan. In this study, species composition of phytoplankton, primary production, and secondary production of net zooplanktons and oysters were determined seasonally at seven stations in the bay between November 2014 and August 2015. In the bay, diatoms including Skeletonema costatum dominated during the period of the study. The primary productions markedly increased during summer (August), and its mean values in the northern part of the bay (NB) and the southern part (SB) were 530 and 313 mgC/m2/d, respectively. The productions of net zooplankton and oyster increased during the warm season, and its mean values in the NB were 14 and 1.2 mgC/m2/d, and in SB were 28 and 0.9 mgC/m2/d, respectively. The energy transfer efficiencies from the primary producers to the secondary producers in the NB and SB were 2.8% and 9.1%, respectively. However, the transfer efficiency to the oysters was approximately 0.3% in the bay. This study clearly showed the spatial difference of the productions and transfer efficiencies, and the low contribution of the production of oysters in secondary productions in Hiroshima Bay.

Detachment of biofilm bacteria due to variations in nutrient supply

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda K. Sawyer ◽  
Slawomir W. Hermanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Surface Shear Stress ◽  
Surface Shear ◽  
Nutrient Limitations ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Observable Parameter

Growth and detachment rates of an environmental isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila attached to a surface were determined under varying nutrient supply conditions in a complex medium. Growth and detachment of cells were observed in real time using phase contrast microscopy in glass parallel plate flow chambers. Surface shear stress was controlled in all experiments at 3 N m−2. Images were taken every 15 min. Digital image analysis was used to determine specific growth and detachment rates. An observable parameter proportional to the nutrient depletion at the surface due to transfer limitations was used to indicate nutrient limitations. Specific detachment rates increased as the depletion parameter increased, indicating that nutrient limitations cause this bacterium to detach at greater rates.

Rotation with oilseed rape as the winter crop enhances rice yield and improves soil indigenous nutrient supply

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 105065
Author(s):  
Yating Fang ◽  
Tao Ren ◽  
Shuntao Zhang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Shipeng Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Winter Crop ◽  
Indigenous Nutrient Supply
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