scholarly journals Genome comparisons indicate recent transfer of w Ri-like Wolbachia between sister species Drosophila suzukii and D. subpulchrella

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 9391-9404 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Conner ◽  
Mark L. Blaxter ◽  
Gianfranco Anfora ◽  
Lino Ometto ◽  
Omar Rota-Stabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sister Species ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Genome Comparisons

scholarly journals Genome comparisons indicate recent transfer of wRi-like Wolbachia between sister species Drosophila suzukii and D. subpulchrella

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Conner ◽  
Mark L. Blaxter ◽  
Gianfranco Anfora ◽  
Lino Ometto ◽  
Omar Rota-Stabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Genome Comparisons ◽  
Rates Of Molecular Evolution

AbstractWolbachia endosymbionts may be acquired by horizontal transfer, by introgression through hybridization between closely related species, or by cladogenic retention during speciation. All three modes of acquisition have been demonstrated, but their relative frequency is largely unknown. Drosophila suzukii and its sister species D. subpulchrella harbor Wolbachia, denoted wSuz and wSpc, very closely related to wRi, identified in California populations of D. simulans. However, these variants differ in their induced phenotypes: wRi causes significant cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in D. simulans, but CI has not been detected in D. suzukii or D. subpulchrella. Our draft genomes of wSuz and wSpc contain full-length copies of 703 of the 734 single-copy genes found in wRi. Over these coding sequences, wSuz and wSpc differ by only 0.004% (i.e., 28 of 704,883 bp); they are sisters relative to wRi, from which each differs by 0.014-0.015%. Using published data from D. melanogaster, Nasonia wasps and Nomada bees to calibrate relative rates of Wolbachia versus host nuclear divergence, we conclude that wSuz and wSpc are too similar - by at least a factor of 100 - to be plausible candidates for cladogenic transmission. These three wRi-like Wolbachia, which differ in CI phenotype in their native hosts, have different numbers of orthologs of genes postulated to contribute to CI; and the CI loci differ at several nucleotides that may account for the CI difference. We discuss the general problem of distinguishing alternative modes of Wolbachia acquisition, focusing on the difficulties posed by limited knowledge of variation in absolute and relative rates of molecular evolution for host nuclear genomes, mitochondria and Wolbachia.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing and Annotation of the Yeast Clavispora santaluciae Reveals Important Insights about Its Adaptation to the Vineyard Environment

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ricardo Franco-Duarte ◽  
Neža Čadež ◽  
Teresa Rito ◽  
João Drumonde-Neves ◽  
Yazmid Reyes Dominguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genome Comparisons

Clavispora santaluciae was recently described as a novel non-Saccharomyces yeast species, isolated from grapes of Azores vineyards, a Portuguese archipelago with particular environmental conditions, and from Italian grapes infected with Drosophila suzukii. In the present work, the genome of five Clavispora santaluciae strains was sequenced, assembled, and annotated for the first time, using robust pipelines, and a combination of both long- and short-read sequencing platforms. Genome comparisons revealed specific differences between strains of Clavispora santaluciae reflecting their isolation in two separate ecological niches—Azorean and Italian vineyards—as well as mechanisms of adaptation to the intricate and arduous environmental features of the geographical location from which they were isolated. In particular, relevant differences were detected in the number of coding genes (shared and unique) and transposable elements, the amount and diversity of non-coding RNAs, and the enzymatic potential of each strain through the analysis of their CAZyome. A comparative study was also conducted between the Clavispora santaluciae genome and those of the remaining species of the Metschnikowiaceae family. Our phylogenetic and genomic analysis, comprising 126 yeast strains (alignment of 2362 common proteins) allowed the establishment of a robust phylogram of Metschnikowiaceae and detailed incongruencies to be clarified in the future.

Effects of insecticides on adults and eggs of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Cristine Hoffmann Schlesener ◽  
Jutiane Wollmann ◽  
Juliano De Bastos Pazini ◽  
Anderson Dionei Grützmacher ◽  
Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Ovicidal Effect ◽  
Mere Presence ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
First Time

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae) is an exotic species, endemic to Asia and currently a pest to small and stone fruits in several countries of North America and Europe. It was detected in 2013 for the first time in South America, in the south of Brazil. Unlike most drosophilids, this species deserves special attention, because the females are capable of oviposit inside healthy fruits, rendering their sale and export prohibited. Despite the confirmed existence of this species in different states of Brazil, this insect is yet been to be given the pest status. Nevertheless, the mere presence of this species is enough to cause concern to producers of small fruits and to justify further investigation for it’s control, especially chemical control for a possible change in status. Therefore, the goal of this work was to evaluate, in laboratory, mortality of D. suzukii adults and ovicidal effect when exposed to different insecticides registered for species of the Tephritidae and Agromyzidae families in different cultures. The insecticides deltamethrin, dimethoate, spinosad, fenitrothion, phosmet, malathion, methidathion, and zeta-cypermethrin resulted in mortality to 100 % of the subjects three days after the treatment (DAT). Regarding the effects over eggs, it was  established that the insecticides fenitrothion, malathion, and methidathion deemed 100 % of the eggs not viable, followed by phosmet and diflubenzuron, which also caused elevated reduction in the eclosion of larvae two DAT.

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