scholarly journals Dietary habits of polar bears in Foxe Basin, Canada: possible evidence of a trophic regime shift mediated by a new top predator

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 6005-6018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa P. Galicia ◽  
Gregory W. Thiemann ◽  
Markus G. Dyck ◽  
Steven H. Ferguson ◽  
Jeff W. Higdon
Keyword(s):  
Regime Shift ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Foxe Basin

scholarly journals Diet of European Catfish in a Newly Invaded Region

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Marco Ferreira ◽  
João Gago ◽  
Filipe Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Lotic Environment ◽  
European Catfish ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Lentic Systems

Biological invasions are considered to be one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss worldwide. Freshwater ecosystems are amongst the most biodiverse, containing about 50% of the world’s known fish species but, ironically, are the most invaded ecosystems. In Portuguese freshwaters, there are currently 20 identified non-native fishes, arriving at an unprecedented rate of a new species every two years. A recent non-native is the European catfish Silurus glanis, a top predator native to Central and Eastern Europe, that arrived at the Lower Tagus (Portugal) circa 2006. This study compares the dietary habits of this top predator in two different habitats of the Lower Tagus in order to evaluate its potential impact. The stomach contents of 96 individuals were analyzed, 61 from the lotic environment and 35 from the lentic systems. A total of 66 stomachs contained prey items, 38 from the lotic and 28 from the lentic. Diet varied considerably between habitats, with shrimp and crayfish being the most abundant prey items in the lentic systems and shrimp and fish the most abundant prey items in the lotic section. Tendency to piscivory was observed in large-sized individuals. Overall, the findings in this study provide the first evidence of the potential impacts of European catfish through predation on the fish communities.

scholarly journals Prey selection of polar bears in Foxe Basin, NU, Canada: evidence of dietary flexibility in a specialized predator

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Galicia ◽  
G W Thiemann ◽  
M G Dyck ◽  
S H Ferguson ◽  
I Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Bowhead Whale ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Delphinapterus Leucas ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Foxe Basin ◽  
Ice Conditions

Abstract Ecological flexibility of a species reflects its ability to cope with environmental change. Although polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are experiencing changes in foraging opportunities due to sea ice loss, regional prey availability and environmental conditions will influence the rate and severity of these effects. We examined changes in polar bear diet and the influence of sea ice characteristics in Foxe Basin over an 18-year period. We combined previous fatty acid data from bears harvested from 1999 to 2003 (n = 82) with additional data from 2010 to 2018 (n = 397). Polar bear diets were diverse; however, ringed seal (Pusa hispida) was the primary prey throughout the sample period. Prey contribution varied temporally and spatially, and by intrinsic factors, while the frequency of prey in diets varied over time suggesting that diet estimates reflect the variability in available prey. Bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), although still a minor dietary component, has more than doubled in frequency of occurrence in diets in recent years in association with increased scavenging opportunities. Higher dietary levels of beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) were linked to later breakup date suggesting heavier ice conditions may promote access to both prey species. The flexible foraging strategies of bears in Foxe Basin may help mitigate their vulnerability to changes in prey distribution and habitat conditions. Our results provide insights into the importance of alternative and supplemental food sources for polar bears during phenological changes in ice conditions that will likely have consequences to Arctic community structure as warming continues.

scholarly journals Population substructure and space use of Foxe Basin polar bears

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (14) ◽  
pp. 2851-2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Sahanatien ◽  
Elizabeth Peacock ◽  
Andrew E. Derocher
Keyword(s):  
Space Use ◽  
Population Substructure ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Foxe Basin

On the Pacific Ocean regime shift

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 3721-3724
Author(s):  
Cathy Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Regime Shift ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Dietary Habits Questionnaire

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminari Misawa ◽  
Keiko Shimizu ◽  
Yasuo Fujii ◽  
Ryouji Miyata ◽  
Fumio Koshiishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits

Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Obesity among Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Md Rizwanul Ahsan ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
Probir Kumar Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Family Based

Background: Now a days unhealthy lifestyle primarily responsible for the dramatic increase obesity among children and adolescents. Objective: The purpose of the study is to see the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention to reduce obese children and adolescents. The main outcome was cardiometabolic risk based on the waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) measurement. Secondary outcomes were (1) changes in body composition; (2) adherence to a Mediterranean diet; and (3) physical performance. Methods: The study involved 64 overweight/obese children or adolescents conducted at Dhaka Shishu Hospital from October 2017 to September 2018. The intervention was multidisciplinary including nutrition, exercise, and psychological aspects based on a family-based approach; it was delivered for six months for children and three months for adolescents. Before and after the intervention, several anthropometric measures height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body composition, cardiometabolic risk index waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), and dietary habits of the participants and their families were evaluated. In addition, a set of functional motor fitness tests was performed to evaluate physical performance measures. Results: After the intervention both children and adolescents showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and WHTR index and an improvement of fat-free mass, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical fitness performance. Conclusion: A short term family-based multidisciplinary approach is effective in ameliorating the health status, dietary habits, and physical performance in children and adolescents. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 111-118

Prey-field use by a Southern Ocean top predator: enhanced understanding using integrated datasets

2015 ◽  
Vol 526 ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bedford ◽  
J Melbourne-Thomas ◽  
S Corney ◽  
T Jarvis ◽  
N Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Top Predator
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