scholarly journals Lateral plate number in low‐plated threespine stickleback: a study of plasticity and heritability

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3154-3160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truls H. Hansson ◽  
Barbara Fischer ◽  
Anna B. Mazzarella ◽  
Kjetil L. Voje ◽  
Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad
Keyword(s):  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Plate Number

Do asymmetric sticklebacks make better fathers?

1996 ◽  
Vol 263 (1370) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Plate Number

Lateral plate number phenotypes in the low morph of the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus , are under strong genetic control and display fluctuating asymmetry. Results of a survey of a natural population show the nests of asymmetric males were more likely to contain fry than nests of symmetric males. This suggests asymmetric males were more reproductively successful than symmetric males. There is little or no possibility that plate number symmetry can be directly assessed by either potential mates or rival males which compete for mates and attack clutches. Asymmetric males may be slightly larger than symmetric males.

Fast-start swimming performance and reduction in lateral plate number in threespine stickleback

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
Plate Number ◽  
Fast Start

Threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have colonized freshwater habitats in circumboreal coastal regions, resulting in populations with variable but generally reduced lateral plate numbers compared with marine ancestors. Several abiotic and ecological factors associated with variation in lateral plate number among freshwater populations of G. aculeatus have been found, including large-scale climatic effects, variation in water-flow rates and levels of dissolved calcium, and the presence or absence of predatory fish. In addition, it has been proposed that plate reduction might be an adaptation for evading predator pursuit that enhances fast-start performance. If this hypothesis is correct, one would predict that fast-start performance would improve as lateral plate numbers decrease. I tested this prediction by comparing fast-start performance among stickleback with different numbers of lateral plates within two freshwater populations. Fast-starts of individual stickleback were video-recorded at 60 Hz and maximum velocity, maximum acceleration, displacement, and body curvature were calculated for each fish. Lateral plate number was significantly negatively correlated with velocity and displacement but not with acceleration or curvature. These results suggest that reduction in lateral plate number has the potential to be advantageous in some predation regimes because of its association with enhanced fast-start performance.

scholarly journals Correction: Heritability of Asymmetry and Lateral Plate Number in the Threespine Stickleback

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Loehr ◽  
Tuomas Leinonen ◽  
Gabor Herczeg ◽  
Robert B. O’Hara ◽  
Juha Merilä
Keyword(s):  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Plate Number

scholarly journals Heritability of Asymmetry and Lateral Plate Number in the Threespine Stickleback

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e39843 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Loehr ◽  
Tuomas Leinonen ◽  
Gabor Herczeg ◽  
Robert B. O’Hara ◽  
Juha Merilä
Keyword(s):  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Plate Number

Postglacial evolution in lateral plate morphs in Norwegian freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Klepaker
Keyword(s):  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Land Uplift ◽  
Founding Population ◽  
Freshwater Stickleback ◽  
Age Range

Norwegian freshwater stickleback populations were founded after the last glacial period, and the progressive uplift of the land has produced an age range (1000 – 13 000 years) of the stickleback habitats. Most of the freshwater populations of today have probably been formed by isolation of marine sticklebacks in the process of land uplift. The freshwater threespine stickleback is known for its great morphological variability. Three distinct morphs ("low," "partial," and "complete") are recognized on the basis of variation in the lateral row of plates. Among the Norwegian populations, all three morphs were found, but the low morph was by far the most common and occurred mostly in monomorphic populations. The presence of the complete and partial morphs was mostly restricted to young lakes near the sea. It is likely that the plate polymorphism in this region is a transitionary evolutionary stage from a founding population dominated by complete to a monomorphic low population. The hypothesis of a polytypic origin of the low morph is discussed, and an alternative hypothesis is proposed. Within each plate morph, the number of plates also varied, and populations with exceptionally low plate numbers were mostly confined to three different areas. Within these areas, populations with plateless specimens also occurred. These plateless specimens tended to inhabit old lakes. The low plate number and plateless populations were found in parts of Norway that were deglaciated early. The advanced plate reduction can therefore be a result of a longer period of isolation and freshwater evolution. Other populations may be on their way towards extreme plate reduction, but have not yet reached the level of platelessness.

Reproductive Isolation Among Lateral Plate Phenotypes (Low, Partial, Complete) of the Threespine Stickleback, Gasterosteus Aculeatus, From the White Sea Basin and the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia

Behaviour ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery V. Ziuganov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
White Sea ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Freshwater Pond ◽  
White Sea Basin

AbstractReproductive isolation was investigated among sympatric lateral plate morphs of threespine stickleback from the White Sea basin and also among phenotypically similar morphs from the distant Kamchatka River basin (Lake Azabachije). Female choice tests show that gene flow is restricted among the completely plated and low plated morphs at both locations; behavioural isolation between these morphs is complete among Lake Azabachije fish, and nearly so (93% positive assortative mating) among White Sea basin fish. However, the experiments also demonstrate that there are no barriers to reproduction among the Azabachije and White Sea complete morphs, among the Azabachije low and White Sea complete morphs, nor among the Azabachije complete and White Sea low morphs. In addition, there is no evidence of barriers to gene flow among the low and partially plated morphs. Therefore, although gene flow is restricted among the extreme morphs within each locality, nevertheless gene exchange is possible, either directly or secondarily, among all phenotypes. The reproductive isolation between the complete and low morphs from the White Sea basin developed in situ no more than eight generations after the sticklebacks were introduced into an isolated freshwater pond. Therefore behavioural isolation can evolve very rapidly among the lateral plate phenotypes of Gasterosteus aculeatus.

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