scholarly journals Drivers of seedling survival in a temperate forest and their relative importance at three stages of succession

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 4287-4299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Chunyu Zhang ◽  
Yuxi Wang ◽  
Xiuhai Zhao ◽  
Klaus Gadow
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Three Stages

Biotic and abiotic drivers of dipterocarp seedling survival following mast fruiting in Malaysian Borneo

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki Oshima ◽  
Yuji Tokumoto ◽  
Michiko Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Mast Fruiting ◽  
General Flowering

Abstract:South-East Asian tropical rain forests experience sporadic, but profuse, seed production after general flowering, leading to the synchronous emergence of various seedlings and subsequent seedling dynamics, which play a crucial role in determining species distribution and coexistence. We examined the relative importance of both biotic (initial height, conspecific seedling density) and abiotic (canopy openness, per cent sand, soil water content) drivers using survival data for 1842 seedlings of 12 dipterocarp species for 1.5 y following mast fruiting in an old-growth Bornean tropical rain forest. More than 30% of all dipterocarp seedlings survived 1.5 y after mast fruiting. When all species were analysed together, we found that initial seedling height, canopy openness and conspecific seedling density affected dipterocarp seedling survival. Negative density dependence indicated that predators were not satiated, but dipterocarp seedlings rather suffered from host-specific natural enemies or intraspecific competition. Species-level analyses of seven dipterocarp species showed large variation in response to biotic and abiotic factors. These results suggest that interspecific differences in the relative importance of biotic and abiotic effects on seedling survival might contribute to species coexistence.

Solidarity and Akcja Wyborcza ‘Solidarnosc'. An Attempt At Reviving the Legend

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Value System ◽  
Political Coalition ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
Union Control

The paper is an attempt to analyse Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS), the biggest political coalition in Poland, in the context of the historical development of the Solidarity movement. In particular, two aspects are considered: the value system of the “old” and “new” Solidarity, and the relative importance of the trade union and political goals and modes of activity. The basic hypothesis advanced in the paper is, that the AWS is an attempt to institutionalise trade union control over the political party in the name of clearly defined values. Thus, compared with the “first Solidarity”, the movement has become both more exclusive and more focused in its goals. Values and interests converge in defining its new identity. The paper distinguishes three stages in the existence of the movement (1980–81, 1988–89, and 1996–98) and investigates all three of them. The stress, however, is put on the last of the three.

Effects of local biotic neighbors and habitat heterogeneity on tree and shrub seedling survival in an old-growth temperate forest

Oecologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Bai ◽  
Simon A. Queenborough ◽  
Xugao Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Buhang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Old Growth

The contribution of understory light availability and biotic neighborhood to seedling survival in secondary versus old-growth temperate forest

Plant Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 215 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Lin ◽  
Liza S. Comita ◽  
Xugao Wang ◽  
Xuejiao Bai ◽  
Zuoqiang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Old Growth

scholarly journals A multicriteria group decision model aggregating the preferences of decision-makers based on electre methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Hazin Alencar ◽  
Adiel Teixeira de Almeida ◽  
Danielle Costa Morais
Keyword(s):  
Decision Model ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Numerical Application ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Individual

Often decisions taken in organizations are made by a group of people, and in order to build a collective decision, the preferences of individuals must be considered. The two most useful approaches to aggregating individual preferences are the aggregation of individual judgments and the aggregation of individual priorities. This paper focuses on the latter approach and proposes a multicriteria group decision model in situations where there is no information with regard to the relative importance of the decision-makers. This model includes three stages. In the first, the ELECTRE II method is applied so as to obtain the individual rankings. In the second stage, a global matrix of alternatives versus decision-makers is built up using the results from the previous stage. Finally, the third stage aggregates the individual preferences by applying the ELECTRE IV method and the final collective evaluation is undertaken. A numerical application is presented to illustrate the model.

scholarly journals Seedling Survival in Forest Re-vegetation Sites within Wellington Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Victor Anton Valades
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Mortality Probability ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cabbage Tree

<p>Transplanting native seedlings is a widely used restoration tool to enhance biodiversity in urban areas. Due to labour and economic needs of this tool, it is crucial to maximise the survival rates of the transplanted seedlings. In this research, I monitored, over a six month period, the status of wineberry (Aristotelia serrata), cabbage tree (Cordyline australis) and lemonwood (Pittosporum eugenioides) seedlings in their initial years after transplanting. The seedlings, up to 4 years old, were located in 11 forest re-vegetation sites in Wellington city, New Zealand. Using mixed effects models to predict the mortality probability of each species, I analyse the relative importance that variables (e.g. soil conditions or grass competition) have in the mortality of the seedlings. Lemonwood seedlings experienced the lowest mortality rates (<2%), independent of age. The models predicting probability of mortality of wineberry and cabbage tree indicate that grass competition and water availability are crucial variables in the mortality of these species during the initial 6 months after transplanting. Combinations of plant size (e.g. height) and certain environmental variables (e.g. soil conditions or slope) crucially affect mortality of wineberry and cabbage trees from one to three years of age. Based on these results, I provide recommendations, such as appropriate planting date and ideal length of maintenance tasks, to maximise survival rates of native plants within the first years after transplanting. A longer monitoring period and similar research of other species are required to assist forest re-vegetation groups in Wellington city achieving more cost- and labour-efficient re-vegetation management.</p>

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