scholarly journals Does sex‐biased dispersal account for the lack of geographic and host‐associated differentiation in introduced populations of an aphid parasitoid?

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2149-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Zepeda‐Paulo ◽  
Blas Lavandero ◽  
Frédérique Mahéo ◽  
Emilie Dion ◽  
Yannick Outreman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Host Associated Differentiation

scholarly journals Population genomic and historical analysis suggests a global invasion by bridgehead processes in Mimulus guttatus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Vallejo-Marín ◽  
Jannice Friedman ◽  
Alex D. Twyford ◽  
Olivier Lepais ◽  
Stefanie M. Ickert-Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Invasion

AbstractImperfect historical records and complex demographic histories present challenges for reconstructing the history of biological invasions. Here, we combine historical records, extensive worldwide and genome-wide sampling, and demographic analyses to investigate the global invasion of Mimulus guttatus from North America to Europe and the Southwest Pacific. By sampling 521 plants from 158 native and introduced populations genotyped at >44,000 loci, we determined that invasive M. guttatus was first likely introduced to the British Isles from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska), followed by admixture from multiple parts of the native range. We hypothesise that populations in the British Isles then served as a bridgehead for vanguard invasions worldwide. Our results emphasise the highly admixed nature of introduced M. guttatus and demonstrate the potential of introduced populations to serve as sources of secondary admixture, producing novel hybrids. Unravelling the history of biological invasions provides a starting point to understand how invasive populations adapt to novel environments.

RARE SEXUAL REPRODUCTION EVENTS IN THE CLONAL REPRODUCTION SYSTEM OF INTRODUCED POPULATIONS OF THE LITTLE FIRE ANT

Evolution ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Foucaud ◽  
Hervé Jourdan ◽  
Julien Le Breton ◽  
Anne Loiseau ◽  
Djoël Konghouleux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Clonal Reproduction ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Reproduction System ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Little Fire Ant

Honeydew as a source of host-searching kairomones for the aphid parasitoid Aphidius nigripes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Bouchard ◽  
Conrad Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
Aphidius Nigripes ◽  
Locomotory Behavior ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Aphid Honeydew

The parasitoid Aphidius nigripes spent more time searching on potato plants previously infested with aphids than on fresh plants, suggesting the presence of searching stimulants on infested plants. Water extracts of aphid honeydew applied to the surface of foliage or to filter paper discs increased searching time and affected the locomotory behavior of parasitoids. When crossing a honeydew-treated area on filter paper, female parasitoids exhibited arrestment, antennal examination, abdominal protraction, reduced walking speed, and increased turning. Upon losing contact with honeydew-contaminated substrate, parasitoids often exhibited a klinotactic response which drove them back to the treated area. The time spent by individual parasitoids within a honeydew-treated area on filter paper decreased with successive visits, but the initial response level was restored when the insect was prevented from contacting honeydew for 1 h. The retention response exhibited by parasitoids contacting a honeydew-treated area increased with honeydew concentration, but levelled off at high concentrations. Naive parasitoids were more responsive to the retention effect of honeydew than experienced individuals.

Introduced North American Black Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) Populations are Biennial

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa E. Fettig ◽  
Ruth A. Hufbauer
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Black Henbane ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
American Black ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bolting And Flowering

AbstractBlack henbane can be either annual or biennial. We investigated which life cycle is found in four introduced western North American populations. Plants were grown in a greenhouse common garden until half were vernalized by exposure to natural winter temperatures, while the other half remained in the greenhouse above 20 C, with 16 h of light and 8 h of dark. In total the plants were monitored 313 d after germination. We measured whether plants bolted, the time it took for bolting to commence, and the size at bolting. All vernalized plants bolted after 117 d of active growth (within 26 d of the end of the vernalization treatment), whereas only 26% of the nonvernalized plants bolted after an average of 278 d of active growth. Vernalized plants bolted at a smaller size than the nonvernalized plants that bolted (28 vs. 41 leaves on average). In the nonvernalized plants, the relationship between time to bolting and size was strong, but not so with the vernalized plants. Our results indicate that introduced black henbane plants are biennial, and that vernalization is more critical to bolting and flowering than reaching a certain size. Nonetheless, the fact that nonvernalized plants were capable of bolting if grown long enough suggests that vernalization is not the only cue that can trigger reproduction in introduced populations.

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